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Moral Dilemmas

Value: Respect: Ethics

4th High School of Alimos - Greece

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Ethical Dilemmas

A moral dilemma is a situation in which two or more conflicting moral imperatives, none of which overrides the other, confront an agent. This is a situation in which every available choice is wrong.

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Population Control

Do governments have the right to restrict individual freedom and right to have fewer or more children? Is it justifiable to control population in order to benefit society as a whole? Most of family planning and population control policies and programs in developing countries face resistant from the same people it aims to help. This can be mainly due to some ethical, socio-cultural beliefs, and moral values held by individuals and society as a whole.

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9/4/20XX

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PROS

  • Decrease pressure on Natural Environment
  • Reduces possibility of water shortage
  • Less Pollution
  • Decrease in global warming
  • Less waste creation
  • Less congestion
  • No over-use of non-renewable resources
  • More easy to find accommodation

CONS

  • Less scope for innovation, invention and creative genius
  • It is very difficult and unfair to implement population control for people that want to remarry
  • It is humans’ right to make their own choices
  • Not leaving each family to make their own decisions often results in coercion
  • Population control has a disturbing history
  • In poor families children help support the family financially when they grow up

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A I

Advances in artificial intelligence (A.I.) are a double-edged sword. On the one hand, they may increase economic growth as A.I. augments our ability to innovate. On the other hand, many experts worry that these advances entail existential risk: creating a superintelligence misaligned with human values could lead to catastrophic outcomes, even possibly human extinction.

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9/4/20XX

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PROS

  • Automating repetitive tasks
  • Eliminating biases
  • Error-free Processing
  • 24/7 Availability
  • Digital Assistance
  • Faster Decision-Making
  • Implementing AI in Risky Situations
  • New Inventions

CONS

  • High Costs of Creation
  • Increased Unemployment
  • Lacking Creativity
  • No Human Replication
  • Make Humans Lazy
  • No Ethics
  • Emotionless
  • Not much room for improvement for humans
  • AI might take over the world

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Advanced Genetics & Synthetic Life Forms

Synthetic biology is a growing discipline that has two subfields.

One uses unnatural molecules to reproduce emergent behaviors from natural biology, with the goal of creating artificial life.

The other seeks interchangeable parts from natural biology to assemble into systems that act unnaturally.

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9/4/20XX

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PROS

  • Vaccine and Drug Development

Synthetic biology has already enabled the rapid public health response to Covid-19.

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  • Sustainable Manufacturing

Using living systems as a natural bio-factory to develop drug compounds or fuel ingredients eliminates the industrial waste of a purely chemical manufacturing process.

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  • Agriculture Commercialization

Produce plants that are more nutritious, more resistant to pests, or lower in fertilizer needs

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  • Personalized Medicine

Enable new treatment techniques for cancer, immune diseases, and metabolic disorders

CONS

  • Human Ethics Dilemmas

Genome editing deepen inequality as richer families can afford to “upgrade” genes?

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  • Bioterrorism

Makes it easy to design dangerous organisms that could be released maliciously

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  • Environmental Damage

Misuse of these technologies and a failure to account for unintended consequences could cause irreversible environmental damage

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  • Do-It-Yourself Biology

People with little prior knowledge of the field, conduct hands-on experiments.