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� Maratha Vidya Prasarak Samaj’s� Shrimati Vimalaben Khimaji Tejookaya (SVKT),� Arts, Science and Commerce College, Deolali Camp, Nashik�

TYBA General English

Term: II

Semantics

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Subject Teacher: Dr. Kiran Rakibe

M A Ph. D, NET

Department of English

SVKT College, Deolali Camp. Nashik

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Recap

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      • What is Semantics?
      • Denotative meaning
      • Connotative meaning

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Session Agenda

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Lexical Relations

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            • Synonymy
            • Antonymy
            • Homonymy
            • Polysemy
            • Superordination
            • Hyponyme
            • Metonyme

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Learning objectives

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            • Ways of developing vocabulary
            • Using words appropriately
            • Various lexical relations of words
            • Words often confusing

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What is lexical relation of words?

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  • Lexical relationships are the connections established

between one word and another word.

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  • In some or the other senses each word has connection with

other words

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  • Lexical means relating to the words or vocabulary of a

language

  • Adjoining words ( Words that acquire meanings)

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Lexical Relations of Words

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Synonyme: Words with the same meaning

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        • Difference between correctness and appropriateness
        • The choice of the word depends on:

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            • Dialects
            • Style
            • Register
            • Collocation
            • Attitude

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Lexical Relations of Words

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Antonymy: Words with the opposite meaning

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      • Gradable antonym: Those meanings are opposite and

which lie on a continuous spectrum ( hot-cold, fat-thin)

      • Complementary antonym/ Non gradable: (push-pull, in-out)
      • Relational antonym: Two words represent two sides of

relationship sense ( teacher-pupil, husband –wife)

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Lexical Relations of Words

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Homonymy: a word that is spelled and pronounced like another word but that has a different meaning

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            • Spellings are same
            • Pronunciations are same
                  • Right-Right
                  • Bat-Bat
                  • Bank-Bank

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Lexical Relations of Words

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Homography: Spellings are same but the pronunciations

are different

                  • Live- live
                  • Bear-bear
                  • Wind-wind

Homophony: Spellings are different but the pronunciations are

same

                  • sight-site-cite
                  • Bank-Bank

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Lexical Relations of Words

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Subordination and Hyponymy: Subordination and Hyponymy are closely associated terms

It is a word or phrase whose semantic field is more specific

Smell: scent, perfume, aroma, stink, odor, stench, fragarance …

Rain: drizzle, showers, drencher, dew, rain-fall, cloud-burst …

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Lexical Relations of Words

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Polysemy: Multiple meanings of the same word

Crane: 1. A large bird with long beak

2. A machine with long arm

3. Stretching out the neck

Ex. head, mole, position, rage, band,

Metonymy: Using one entity to refer to another entity

1. The pen is mightier than the sword

2. The white house

3. Crown

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�1. What is the difference Homography and Homophony? �2. What is the difference between Homonymy and Polysemy?�3. What are the different ways of boosting vocabulary? Illustrate.��� Send your answers on:� rakibe.kiran@mvpsvktcollege.ac.in

Session Assignment

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Thank you so much