PAST SIMPLE TENSE�APPLICATION
Mr. José Espinoza
IN CONTEXT
The SIMPLE PAST is a verb tense that is used to talk about things that happened or existed before now. It emphasizes that the action is finished by the time you are speaking.
The action is finished,
It occured in a particular momento in the past.
IN CONTEXT
You can also use the SIMPLE PAST to talk about a past state of being, such as the way someone felt about something. This is often expressed with THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE OF THE VERB TO BE and an adjective, noun, or prepositional phrase.
HE WAS HAPPY TO BEGIN STUDYING AGAIN.
PAST OF THE VERB TO BE
ADJECTIVE
WAS
WERE
IN CONTEXT
DID YOU STUDY FOR YOUR EXAM LAST WEEK?
YES, I DID. I STUDIED WITH MY TEAMMATES.
NOTE
THERE ARE SOME VERBS THAT CHANGE DIFFERENTLY IN PAST, THEY ARE CALLED IRREGULAR VERBS (AS THE MODIFY THEIR FORM).
OTHERS JUST ADD AN –ED AT THE END, THEY ARE CALLED REGULAR VERBS (AS THEY DO NOT MODIFY THEIR ORIGINAL FORM).
TIME ELEMENT
SHORT ANSWER
FINISHED STATE
TIME EXPRESSIONS RELATED
LAST MONDAY, TUESDAY, ETC…
LAST WEEK, MONTH, YEAR, CENTURY, ETC…
AN HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND… AGO
YESTERDAY MORNING, NIGHT, ETC..
LAST CHRISTMAS, HOLIDAYS, ETC…
YESTERDAY
LAST NIGHT
LAST SPRING, SUMMER, ETC…
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
My dog barked when the stranger knocked the door.
I took a very difficult exam.
My family and I went to Scotland.
ELEMENT 1
ELEMENT 2
THE SUBJECT OR THE PERSON WITHIN THE SENTENCE
THE ACTION OR THE VERB IN PAST
ELEMENT 3
INFORMATION
TO UNDERSTAND
THE CONTEXT
+ TIME EXPRESSION (OPTIONAL)
IT MAY BE A REGULAR OR AN IRREGULAR VERB
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
ELEMENT 2
THE ACTION OR THE VERB
IN PAST
IT MAY BE A REGULAR OR
AN IRREGULAR VERB
THIS IS APPLIED ONLY IN AFFIRMATIVE FORM.
REGULAR VERB | IRREGULAR VERB |
All verbs that do not modify their form, but they add an –ED at the end. | All verbs that modify their form or that remain the same (but do not add –ED) at the end. |
CHANGE > Changed TRY > Tried STOP > Stopped TRAVEL > Travelled NOTE THIS Although there are some spelling rules, they are not relevant to mention due to its difficulty when applying such rules. | CUT > Cut HURT > Hurt BRING > Brought SEE > Saw EAT > Ate |
NEGATIVE FORM
Mario didn’t study for his exam.
My friend, Clara, didn’t bring lunch.
I didn’t understand the contents last Monday.
ELEMENT 1
ELEMENT 3
THE SUBJECT OR THE PERSON WITHIN THE SENTENCE
THE ACTION OR THE VERB
IN PRESENT
ELEMENT 4
INFORMATION
TO UNDERSTAND
THE CONTEXT
+ TIME EXPRESSION (OPTIONAL)
ELEMENT 2
AUXILIARY DIDN’T
QUESTION FORM
Did they come back home before 10pm?
Did Ana finish her classwork?
Did you visit the Empire State last time you visited NYC?
ELEMENT 1
ELEMENT 3
AUXILIARY
DID
THE ACTION OR THE VERB
IN PRESENT
ELEMENT 4
INFORMATION
TO UNDERSTAND
THE CONTEXT
+ TIME EXPRESSION (OPTIONAL) + QUESTION MARK
ELEMENT 2
THE SUBJECT OR THE PERSON WITHIN THE SENTENCE
GRAMMAR SPOT
GRAMMAR SPOT
GRAMMAR SPOT
ORAL WRAP-UP
SELECT ONE OF YOUR CLASSMATES,
FORMULATE SOME QUESTIONS AND INTERACT EACH OTHER TALKING ABOUT FINISHED EVENTS.
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