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Study Guide Answers

17 answers in 22 slides.

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What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
What are the four secondary functions of the skeletal system?
What are the four types of bones? (Be able to classify examples)

cvc

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4. Know the generalized structure of a long bone (including diagram)

a.locate and identify the features of the epiphyses and diaphysis (spongy vs. compact <Haversian Canals>, epiphyseal line, articular cartilage)

b.locate the medullary cavity, yellow marrow, and red marrow

c. locate the endostium and periostium

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5. Differentiate between osteocytes and chondrocytes in relation to rigidity, presence or absence of blood vessels, and rate of healing.

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6. Describe the formation of bone from cartilage model through endochondrial ossification and the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

7. What is the significance of the epiphyseal plate?

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8. A) Know the bones of the skull + (malleus, incus, and stapes) + hyoid

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8. B) # of cervical vertebrae + names of C1 and C2

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8. C) # of thoracic vertebrae

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8. D) # of lumbar vertebrae

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8. E) # of sacral and coccal- before and after fusion

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8. F) # of true ribs, # false ribs, # floating ribs

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8. G) location of sternum and xiphoid process

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H) differentiate between kyphosis, lordosis,

and scoliosis + methods of treatment

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9. Appendicular Skeleton

bones of upper extremity (pectoral girdle, arms, wrist, and hand)
bones of lower extremity (pelvic girdle *before and after fusion*, leg, ankle, and heel/feet)

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10. Differentiate between synarthroses, amphiarthroses, and diarthroses.

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11. Describe the structure of a typical diarthrotic joint- include joint capsule, synovial membrane and fluid, articular cartilage, and ligaments.

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12. Know the general patterns of movement of the six diarthrotic joints and be able to relate to specific examples of the body.

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13. Differentiate between osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and fibrosarcoma.

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14. How is

osteoporosis

different from

osteomalacia

and

osteomyelitis?

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15. Clinical Application- given a clinical description of bone fractures, be able to describe or diagram the breakage.

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16. Describe the healing process of a broken bone.

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17. Joint disorders can be noninflammatory (osteoarthritis, dislocations, and sprains) or inflammatory (rheumatoid, gouty, and infectious arthritis). Know the general characteristics of each.