DISSEMINATION OF 2021 DLT REPORT�Upper East Region

Generating Evidence for Addressing Unequal Access to Services and Development Opportunities for Children

�Outline of Presentation

• Brief Introduction
• Objectives of the DLT
• Methodology
• Sector Analysis
• Overall DLT Score and Ranking
• Recommendations

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Introduction

• The District League Table (DLT) is developed as a tool for tracking national development and highlighting MMDs that are doing well and those challenged in terms of wellbeing of their populations.

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• The DLT has raised issues regarding quality-of-service delivery and disparities in wellbeing among the 261 MMDs.

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• The bigger objective is generating action by Government and its MDAs towards ensuring better prioritisation and equitable resource allocation has not been fully achieved.

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Objectives of the DLT

• To enable Government gain better understanding of the status of wellbeing across the districts in the country
• To provide the evidence and basis for more equitable resource allocation and social investment to reduce disparities between districts
• To increase social accountability around service delivery between national/local government and citizens; and
• To improve state responsiveness in development and service delivery at the district level

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�Methodology

Selection of Indicators

The selection of indicators for the DLT is mainly influenced by the following criteria:

1. A key priority sector for people’s wellbeing and MMDs development;
2. Represent an output or outcome indicator;
3. Administrative data must be annually available for most districts; and
4. Help assess equity and accessibility, in service delivery

Indicators for 2021 DLT

�Method

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• The report adapts the methodology and appropriates steps of Stern et al. (2018) and Kapoor et al. (2017) to estimate scores for ranking districts in Ghana, based on existing indicators.

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• Factor analysis is used to combine scores of individual indicators to sectorial scores.

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Data Cleaning, Standardization and Indicator�Selection

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• Administrative data (secondary data) was compiled from reports and routine information systems.
• For some indicators, the coverage was not 100 per cent for all districts.
• Indicators with data on at least 80 per cent of all districts in Ghana were used for the analysis.
• In districts, where data on an indicator is not available, the missing figures were imputed using averages of selected similar districts within a region.
• Average of metropolitan, municipal and district categories for each region were used for the imputation.
• Indicators with small values being the best outcomes were inverted to make sure that improvement was denoted by an increase.
• For example, mortality rates were inverted to become survival rates.

Data Cleaning, Standardization and Indicator�Selection

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• Standardization is undertaken to facilitate comparison of various indicators measured in different units

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• Factor analysis was used to select indicators that are conceptually linked to each other and effectively describe the concept of the sector’s development

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• Indicators that did not meet the criteria were excluded from the analysis.

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Calculation of Sectoral Index Scores for Each District

• Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to calculate the weights of indicators within a sector.
• Through factor analysis, the correlation among indicators and between the unobserved factors was used to generate weight for each indicator.
• The sectoral sum values are calculated by summing the weighted values using the following formula:

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where Best Value represents the highest sectoral sum score and Worst Value represents the lowest sectoral sum score among districts.

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Derivation of DLT Index Score for Each District

• The scores of seven (7) sectors —education, health, nutrition, water, sanitation, energy, and governance —were used to compute the overall DLT index for each district.
• We assume that all these sectors reflect equally important aspects of the development progress.
• Therefore, equal weights are assigned to each of them to highlight their role in development.

�Total DLT Score and Ranking

Regional DLT Scores and Ranking

Top 10 MMD’s in DLT Scores

10 MMDs with the Least Score in DLT

�Sector Analysis

Top 5 MMDAs in Education Sector

5 Least Scoring MMDAs in Education Sector

Education Performance by Region

Top 5 MMDAs in Health Sector

�5 Least Scoring MMDAs in Health Sector

Health Performance by Region

Top 5 MMDAs in Nutrition sector

�5 least scoring MMDAs in Nutrition sector

Nutrition Performance by Region

Nine out of 16 regions recorded scores higher than 80 percent. The least ranked region is Upper East.

Top 5 MMDAs in Water Sector

5 Least Scoring MMDAs in Water Sector

Water Performance by Region

Top 5 MMDAs in Sanitation Sector

5 least scoring MMDAs in sanitation sector

Sanitation Performance by Region

Top 5 MMDAs in Energy Sector

5 Least Scoring MMDAs in Energy Sector

Energy Performance by Region

Top 5 MMDAs in Governance Sector

5 least scoring MMDAs in governance sector

Governance performance by region

�Recommendations

Recommendations for action by National government and MDAs

• The Government through the Ministry of Local Government, Decentralisation and Rural Development should accelerate the devolution process to allow for better coordination and monitoring of district service delivery;
• The Office of the Head of Local Government Service should facilitate the supply of adequate skilled personnel to facilitate effective service delivery, especially in the area of health, social welfare, sanitation and education;
• The District Assemblies should ensure the provision of timely, accurate and quality data in the Annual Progress Report to facilitate effective assessment of citizens well being.

Acknowledgement

NDPC and UNICEF Ghana are appreciative of the support in the form of data and

contributions received from Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) and

Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs). Special appreciation

goes to the:

• Ministry of Health,
• Ghana Health Service,
• Ministry of Education,
• Ghana Education Service,
• Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Protection,
• National Health Insurance Authority,
• Ministry of Local Government, Decentralization and Rural Development,
• Office of Head of Local Government Services
• Ghana Statistical Service, and
• Centre for Social Policy Studies (CSPS), University of Ghana

Thank you