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Topic: Ionic and Covalent Bonding and Lewis Dot Structures

  • Unit 2 Objectives #3 and #4

Describe and illustrate what happens to valence electrons during ionic and covalent bonds.

Pg. 49

Pg. 49

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Octet Rule- �Atoms of elements in groups 1-2 and 13-17 react to achieve 8 valence electrons.

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3 main types of bonding:

  • Ionic
  • Covalent
  • Metallic (we don’t address this bond in physical science)

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IONIC bonding�a chemical bond that occurs when a metal atom transfers electrons to a nonmetal so both atoms have a full valence energy level.

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Ionic Bonding produces…

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Anions- the atom that gains the electron becomes negatively charged.

Cations- the atom that loses the electron becomes positively charged.

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  • Which atom is going to be the anion (-)?
  • Which atom is going to be the cation (+) ?

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COVALENT bonds� a chemical bond that occurs when two nonmetal atoms share electrons so both atoms have a full valence energy level.

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Bonding Practice

  • What type of bond will this be Ionic or Covalent?
    • NaCl - _____________
    • CO2 - _____________
    • CaS - _____________
    • LiBr - _____________
    • HAt - _____________
    • H2O - _____________

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Lewis Dot structure

A Lewis Dot structure is a picture that shows the symbol of an element surrounded by the valence electrons found in an atom of that element . We use Lewis Dot Structures when we draw pictures of Ionic and Covalent bonds.

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Here are some examples