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PHASE CHANGES

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Melting

The process where a solid turns into a liquid due to heat

Example: Ice turning into water at 0°C.

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Solid

Liquid

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Solid

Liquid

Melting

The process where a solid turns into a liquid due to heat

Example: Ice turning into water at 0°C.

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ice cream

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Freezing

The process where a liquid turns into a solid due to cooling.

Example: Water turning into ice at 0°C.

Liquid

Solid

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Liquid

Solid

Freezing

The process where a liquid turns into a solid due to cooling.

Example: Water turning into ice at 0°C.

ice

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Condensation

The process where a gas turns into a liquid due to cooling.

Example: Water droplets forming on the outside of a cold glass.

Gas

Liquid

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Example: Water droplets forming on the outside of a cold glass.

Gas

Liquid

Condensation

The process where a gas turns into a liquid due to cooling.

water vapor to water

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Evaporation

The process where a liquid turns into a gas due to heat.

Example: Water disappearing from a puddle on a hot day.

Liquid

Gas

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Liquid

Gas

Evaporation

The process where a liquid turns into a gas due to heat.

Example: Water disappearing from a puddle on a hot day.

water to water vapor

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Sublimation

The process where a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first.

Example: Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) turning into carbon dioxide gas.

Solid

Gas

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Example: Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) turning into carbon dioxide gas.

Solid

Gas

Sublimation

The process where a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first.

moth balls

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Deposition

The process where a gas turns directly into a solid without becoming a liquid first.

Example: Frost forming on a cold window.

Gas

Solid

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Example: Frost forming on a cold window.

Gas

Solid

Deposition

The process where a gas turns directly into a solid without becoming a liquid first.

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Ionization

The process where atoms or molecules gain or lose electrons to form ions.

Example: Water molecules splitting into hydrogen and hydroxide ions in an electric field.

atoms

ions

molecules

ions

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Example: Water molecules splitting into hydrogen and hydroxide ions in an electric field.

atoms

ions

Ionization

The process where atoms or molecules gain or lose electrons to form ions.

molecules

ions