TERM 3 EOT �2021-2022

Grade 5

subject : science�

• CHAPTER 8
• USING ENERGY

New Words

• Pitch – low or high sound – low or high frequency
• Speed of sound – how fast the sound moves. Its about 300 m/s - see the video, and the speed of light is 300 million m/s
• Loudness – how intense, strong, high amplitude is the sound = volume

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Notes about sound properties

• Sound travels faster in warmer media than cooler media, because particles in warmer media contain more energy
• To measure the speed of sound, use this formula :Speed= frequency(f) × Wavelength (λ) and it is measured in (m/s)
• Sound absorption :taking in the sound by some soft materials like (cotton, fibers, sponge ,etc.)
• Smaller surfaces produce more waves and larger surfaces produce fewer waves
• More than 85 dB will damage your hearing

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Pitch

Low frequency = low pitch – elephant

100 Hz

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High frequency = high pitch sound – mouse

1400 Hz

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Loudness

• Loudness is measured in decibels
• Loud sounds have higher amplitude
• Amplitude is the distance from the rest position
• Loudness depends on the distance from the source of the sound. Far away sources are quieter

Which one is louder?

Bell

جرس

Deci = 1 tenth

Deci dirham = 10 fils

The speed of sound

• Depends on 2 things – type of the material, and temperature

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• The higher is the temperature – the higher speed of sound for gasses

Sound wave

Longitudinal Wave :

It is particles vibrate in parallel direction to wave motion and it has 2 parts

Compression (peak) :

Particles are close to each other

Rarefaction (dip):

Particles are far from each other

Sound waves physical properties

Sound period (T)

Time is consumed to perform 1 wave

Measured in (sec/wave)

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Sound frequency (f)

Number of waves are done per 1 second

(Measured in hertz or waves/sec)

Amplitude (a) :

It the maximum extent of the vibration from rest position

(measured in meters)

Wavelength (λ)

The distance between 2 consecutive compressions or refractions

(measured in meters)

Same frequencies but different amplitudes

Same amplitudes and different frequencies

Sound pitch change due to Doppler effect ( Changing in frequency due to moving away or towards the sound source )

- No motion = No change in frequency so pitch will not change

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It is measured by decibel (dB)

Higher Amplitude and higher energy

Lower Amplitude and lower energy

Echolocation : use echo to determine the place of any object

Echolocation : use echo to determine the place of any object

1-Describe sound waves A and B from a police siren as the police car moves forward

compression

rarefaction

2-Drag and drop the answers to correctly label the diagram.

B

4-What causes sound?

A-Sound is caused by freezing of particles of matter.

B-Sound is caused by warming of particles of vacuum.

C-Sound is caused by vibrations of particles of matter.

D-Sound is caused by squeezing of particles of matte

D

D

A

1. Sound is created by ………………….. of matter
1. Vibrating particles
2. Diagonal movement
3. Echoes and sonar
4. Perpendicular movement

2-The particles in the medium when a sound wave travels through, move …………………….. because of this, they are called longitudinal waves.

1. Up and down
2. Up only
3. Back and forth
4. Down only

3-The region where the particles are spread out is known as …………….

1. Compression
2. Rarefaction
3. Amplitude
4. Frequency

4-What are the areas where rarefactions form as air particles spread apart?

1. Peaks
2. Echoes
3. Vacuums
4. Dips

5-……………….. are the areas where compressions form as air particles squeeze together.

1. Dips
2. Peaks

6-The compressions and rarefactions of a sound wave can also be shown as

1. Reflections and absorptions
2. Vacuums and medium
3. Peaks and dips
4. Echoes and non echoes

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7-Which of the following is the substance that transmits sound?

1. Rarefaction
2. Echo
3. Compression
4. Medium

8-The particles in a longitudinal wave move back and forth, …………… to the direction in which the wave moves.

1. Up and down
2. Perpendicular
3. Parallel
4. Sideways

9-…………………………. Travel through any types of solid, liquid and gas.

1. Medium
2. Vacuum
3. Sound waves
4. Light waves

10-a part of a longitudinal wave in which the particles of matter are closer together is called……………

1. a reelection
2. an echolocation
3. a compression
4. a rarefaction

11. what causes sound

A. sound is caused by freezing of particles of matter

B. sound is caused by vibrations of particles of matter

C. sound is caused by squeezing of particles of matter

D. sound is caused by warming of particles of vacuum

12-observe the picture and select the correct option

the diagram is highlighting the part of the sound wave called a …………

1. compression
2. rarefaction
3. reflection
4. echo

1. Swings
2. Reacts
3. Change state
4. Vibrates

14-when a drummer strikes a drum, the drumhead ………….. moving up and down

15-What is the name of the region A and B

1. reflection and rarefaction
2. Rarefaction and compression
3. Compression and rarefaction
4. Compression and reflection

13-Why does sound travel faster in warmer air?

1. Warmer air has more particles
2. Warmer air has fewer particles
3. Warmer air has less energy
4. Warmer air has more energy

16-What is the best medium for a sound wave to travel through?

1. Air in your classroom
2. A vacuum
3. Water in a fishbowl
4. A metal door

17-Dolphins use sound waves to locate objects, like food. What is the name of this process?

1. Echolocation
2. Compression
3. Reflection
4. Rarefaction

18 …………….. are sound created when a sound wave hits a solid surface and bounces back to the source.

A. dips

B. Compression

C. Rarefaction

D. Echoes

D

C

Medium

C

D

B

C

A

• Light is energy you can see. It is made of vibrating magnetic and electric energy. 
• Light energy is carried by electromagnetic waves.
• Light is also made of particles called photons.

What are the properties of light waves?

peak

dip

Which wave property is shown in the image below?

Worksheet-LESSON-2-light

student name:------------------------------

Class 5-( )

1

Light is electromagnetic wave that vibrates perpendicular to the direction the wave energy is traveling

Select the correct answer from the drop-down menus.

1-Light energy travels in ----------------------- lines

called -----------------light .

straight

rays

2-Both light waves and sound waves can travel through---------------- however, only light waves can travel through -------------.

medium

vacuum

3-The properties of light waves ------------------and-----------------------and--------------------------------.

amplitude

wavelength

frequency

2

Light scattering�Depends on the surface

• Match the words with the appropriate pictures�

Translucent

Transparent

Opaque

3

How materials affect light ?

Choose the correct answer for each picture

1. Transmission الانتقال
2. Reflection الانعكاس
3. Absorption الامتصاص

Reflection الانعكاس

Transmission

Absorption

4

Properties of light

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Reflection :

Light bounces off an object and it will produce an image or picture

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Refraction :

Bending of light rays when they travel through different Media

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REFLECTION OF LIGHT �LAW OF REFLECTION : �ANGEL OF INCIDENT LIGHT =ANGEL OF REFLECTED LIGHT

Describe the image using 3 types of mirrors

Scattering

• Scattering – photons bouncing off at random angles from an object’s surface.
• Sometimes light can also pass through an object.
• Transparent object – most light passes through;
• Translucent object – light is blurred as it passes through;
• Opaque object – little to no light passes through.

Describe how can you see the picture through the 3 types of surfaces

Light refraction application�Lenses�Image depends on : medium and distance from the medium

Image is same as convex mirror

Image is same as concave mirror

Image is same as flat mirror

D

D

D

D

A

B

B

B

Opaque

• CHAPTER 9
• MINERALS,ROCKS, AND SOIL

B

D

D

C

E-F

C

D

Formation

Formed when lava cools and hardens into solid

Igneous

صخور نارية

Metamorphic

صخور متحولة

Sedimentary

صخور رسوبية

Formed from cementation and compaction of sediments and they are cemented by melted minerals

Formed from changing of igneous or sedimentary rocks 20 km below surface and under high temperature and pressure without melting

How are rocks classified?

The rock cycle

A

G-F-H

A

C

D

B

D

B

D

B

A

streak

• Solid
• Contains elements
• Has Hardness
• Naturally occurred

• Inorganic
• Found in Earth crust

• Organic
• Formed in animals

Coins , knives , steel nail , stainless steel tools and wires

1- Hardness and streak : by rubbing and scratching

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2- Luster , Shape of breaking and Color : by viewing and observing

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3- Shape of crystals : by microscopes

igneous

Sedimentary rock

( limestone )

Heat and pressure

Metamorphic rock

( marble )

1- Rocks melt by heat to form magma then the magma cools to form igneous rocks

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2- Sedimentary and igneous rocks are transformed to metamorphic rocks by heat and pressure

1- Texture : Shape and size of grains (glassy , fine and coarse )

2- Shape : fragmental and angular

3- Structure : angular and crystalline

4- Formation : Igneous , metamorphic and sedimentary

Mixture of weathered rocks with decayed living things

Used to grow plants because it contains nutrients and minerals and these compounds replaced after death of plants

By terracing , strip farming , contour plowing , crop rotation , fertilization , wind breaks and people awareness

1- Sedimentary rocks are melted by heat to form magma

2- The magma cools to form igneous rock

• CHAPTER 10

Technology and design