Cornell Notes: Three Questions

• Today, I will learn . . .
• Examine Germany’s policies toward Jews and how it developed into genocide.
• I will learn it by . . .
• Take notes using Cornell Notes Strategy; use listening skills; ask relevant questions.
• I have learned it when I can . . .
• Construct a web diagram citing examples of Germany’s persecution of the Jews.

VOCABULARY WORDS

• Genocide – the systematic killing of all the people from a national, ethnic, or religious group

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• Holocaust –state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi

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• Anti-Semitism - prejudice against Jews

After murdering Jews and other “undesirables” in extermination camps, Nazis took whatever articles of value the victims had, such as gold fillings from teeth and wedding rings.

Historical Background

• For many centuries Christians in Europe discriminated against Jews.
• Christians blamed Jews for crucifying Jesus.
• In Middle Ages, Christian anti-Jewish preaching sought to prevent contact with Jews.
• Many believed that Jews were in league with the Devil.

Historical Background

Historical Background

• Adolf Hitler’s book Mein Kampf (1926), blamed the plight of Germany on an international Jewish conspiracy.

Enabling Act of 1933�

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• made Adolf Hitler the dictator of Germany

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• laws passed boycotting Jewish businesses

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• forbid doctors/lawyers from serving Non-Aryans.

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http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/triumph/tr-boycott.htm

Hitler, De Furher

April 1, 1933 - The Nazi boycott is underway as a dress shop in Berlin now has a sign on its window saying "Germans! Defend Yourselves! - Don't buy from Jews!"

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/triumph/tr-boycott.htm

Nazi Persecution of the Jews

• Took away Jews citizenship

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• Banned marriage between Jews and Germans.

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• Forced to wear Yellow Star of David to identify oneself as a Jew.

Nuremberg Laws

(September 1935)

Nazi Persecution of the Jews

• Kristallnacht (November 9, 1938)
• “night of broken glass” – Anti-Jewish violence erupted throughout Germany and Austria
• Ninety Jews died, hundreds badly injured
• thousands of Jewish businesses destroyed
• nearly 180 synagogues wrecked.

Morning After Kristallnacht

Interior of Fasanenstrasse Synagogue

Store Front

Nazi Persecution of the Jews

• Between 1933 and 1939, about 350,000 Jews escaped.

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• Many emigrated to the U.S.
• Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, Henry Kissinger

Escaping

Nazi-Controlled Germany

The Final Solution

• Jan. 20, 1942, Nazi leaders decide on the “final solution” to the Jewish problem.
• Round up Jews; other “undesirables”
• take them to concentration camps;
• elderly, sick, and young children were sent to extermination camps.

The Final Solution

• To hasten the “final solution” the Nazis built huge death camps equipped with gas chambers and crematoriums.
• Those who survived the Holocaust are forever haunted by its horrors.

The Final Solution

• The Nazis killed over 6 million Jews and millions of other people during the Holocaust.
• Persecuted anyone who opposed them, the disabled, Gypsies, homosexuals, and Slavic peoples.
• The Nazis’ strongest hatred was aimed at Jews.

Geography and History

The map below shows Nazi concentration and extermination camps. Study the map and answer the questions on the following slides.

Interpreting Maps  In which two countries were most of the concentration and extermination camps located?

Most of the concentration and extermination camps were located in Germany and Poland.

Geography and History (cont.)

Checking for Understanding

__ 1. a camp where prisoners were sent to be executed

__ 2. name given to the mass slaughter of Jews and other groups by the Nazis during World War II

__ 3. a camp where persons are detained or confined

A. Holocaust

B. concentration camp

C. extermination camp

Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.

A

B

C