AFTERMATH OF WAR

Who are these men? What are they doing?

WORLD PEACE

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• Wilson’s Fourteen Points were his answers to how to keep the world safe from another event like World War I

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• He presented these to Congress in a speech in January of 1918 (war isn’t over yet)

Wilson’s Fourteen Points

14 points Treaty of Versailles

• Territorial settlements and need for national self determination
• Process in which a group of people create their own state
• German leaders sign armistice (end of war) on Nov 11, 1918
• Hopes that future peace treaty would be based around Wilson’s 14 Points

14 points Treaty of Versailles

• Creation of a peace agreement
• Meeting of the “Big Four”

Paris Peace Conference, (Jan 1919 @ Palace of Versailles)

1. Victorious Western Nations… US, Great Britain, France, and Italy (only a little)
2. Germany and defeated powers not represented
3. Russia withdrew from the conflict a year prior
3. Each had their own view on things and what world “peace” would look like… eventual agreement
4. Fair for all?

Treaty Simulation

• Each student will be assigned ONE of the following countries:

*France

*Great Britain

*United States

*Germany (not present at real treaty)

*Russia/USSR (not present at real treaty)

• Open “Treaty of Versailles Simulation” Google Doc from our Classroom
• Read YOUR nation’s perspective and type answer to each of the two questions for your nation.
• Add that information to your assigned slide
• Lets go to the Peace Conference!!!
• Share your nation’s wants with the class (as a group)

How did YOUR Treaty negotiations go??

• From the Treaty of Versailles Treaty simulation yesterday…..how did it go for YOUR country?
• What country go mostly what they wanted?
• Why did this happen??

ALLIED REACTION

• At the Paris Peace Conference (Palace of Versailles, outside of Paris, France) the other Allied leaders wanted to punish Germany
• Clemenceau (France)=”They invaded our country! Disband German military!!”
• Lloyd George (G.B.)=“Make Germany Pay!”
• Orlando (Italy)=Give me some of Austria
• Wilson (U.S.)=World Peace (League of Nations)

WHY IS THE U.S. VIEWPOINT SO DIFFERENT?

• WW1 was fought in Europe, U.S. did not have any physical damage
• the U.S. only lost 2% of military, while Great Britain lost 25 & France 16%!

TREATY OF VERSAILLES

• Provisions
• War Guilt Clause=Sole responsibility for WW1 to Germany
• Created 9 new nations and changed boundaries of many others
• Germany to pay war reparations (payment) of $33 Billion to the Allies
• Serious reduction in Germany’s military (100,000 men, no air force, no submarines, no tanks, etc.)
• Loss of German land (Alsace-Lorraine, West Prussia, etc.) and all colonial holdings

WHY WOULD THEY MAKE A TREATY LIKE THIS??

PROBLEMS WITH TREATY

1. Humiliated Germany
2. Germany couldn’t pay war reparations
• Economy was already destroyed from the war
3. Ignored colonial holdings and their independence (SE Asia)
4. Continuing to pull down Europe will hurt the U.S.
5. Ethnic boundaries in Europe still not fully considered (Germans and Poles)

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Problems to come from the Treaty of Versailles…..

THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

• Remember the League of Nations that Wilson proposed in his 14 points?

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• Definition: The League of Nations was the first worldwide intergovernmental organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.

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LEAGUE OF NATIONS AND THE U.S.

• THOSE FOR…
• Forum to talk through disagreements (prevents future wars)
• Collective security
• We can still decide our own actions (moral, not legal)

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• THOSE AGAINST…
• Pull U.S. into affairs of Europe (rejecting _______ foreign policy)
• Goes against right to govern free of foreign power (Monroe Doctrine)
• Focus on making our own country stronger

Did the U.S. join the League of Nations?

• NNOOOOO!!!!
• The U.S. did NOT join the League of Nations….
• WHY????
• The U.S. did not want to join because they did not want to get involved in other countries issues/fights.
• The U.S. did not want other countries to tell us what to do or if we were doing something wrong.
• The U.S. wanted to become ISOLATED

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