Rubin LSST SC’s feedback for draft Phase I report
SCOC Second Workshop, 2021 Nov 16-17
Session 2 (1045-1300 PST, Tues Nov 16)
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
2
2
Who are we?
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
~2000 members,
physicists, astronomers,
data scientists, software engineers
SC Coordinator: Federica Bianco fbianco@udel.edu
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
AGN Science Collaboration
3
8
[ no content ]
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
4
4
Informatics and Statistics SC
[ no content ]
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
5
5
AGN + ISSC Q/A
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Dark Energy Science Collaboration
6
6
Quick intro
Science relies on various cosmology probes
Both WFD and DDFs are critical for both kinds of probes
Ongoing work in DESC Observing Strategy Working Group (see e.g., Lochner+2018, Scolnic+2018, Lochner+2021, DESC Cadence Note 2020) + collaborations/connections across SCs.
Speaker: Humna Awan (DESC OSWG co-chair)
lsst-desc-spokesperson@slac.stanford.edu
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Dark Energy Science Collaboration
7
7
DESC is very happy about
Why? Only the low-extinction regions of the sky are usable for DESC science since the science focus is extragalactic.
Why? DESC science would benefit greatly from overlap with DESI which is at higher declinations.
Why? DESC science depends on photo-zs - calibration of these using the DDFs would be critical.
Why? Always having a color measurement is significantly beneficial for supernova classification & distances.
Why? Dithering (both translation and rotational) is critical but impacts of rotational dithers are difficult to quantify conclusively before commissioning.
Speaker: Humna Awan (DESC OSWG co-chair)
lsst-desc-spokesperson@slac.stanford.edu
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Dark Energy Science Collaboration
8
8
Aspect of observing strategy that DESC is concerned about
What? Rolling cadences have the potential to alleviate a lot of tensions when it comes to depth vs. area trade-off alongside improving cadence for transients. How rolling is implemented, however, will impact both static and transient science.
Would specifically like to quantify e.g. impacts of choosing buffers other than 1.5 years at the beginning and end of the survey since that impacts data releases; this aspect is currently missing in sims.
What? Rolling would impact the uniformity of the data releases => need to distinguish between comprehensive* vs. uniform releases. Will Data Management (DM) be able to produce both? If not, who will/can, and how?
What? DESC science suffers with DDF allocation < 5% (already assuming DESC-optimized cadence, filters, exposure times); would like more time. Cadence needs short-internight gaps; prefer only small dithers for DDFs.
Hear more (from DESC and other SCs) re their DDF needs at the community-led session tomorrow, 10.45a PT;
join #ddf on slack.
Speaker: Humna Awan (DESC OSWG co-chair)
lsst-desc-spokesperson@slac.stanford.edu
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
DESC Q/A
9
9
Speaker: Humna Awan (DESC OSWG co-chair)
lsst-desc-spokesperson@slac.stanford.edu
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
10
10
Solar System Science Collaboration
Michael S. P. Kelley (University of Maryland)
for the SSSC
�
Updated Footprint
The SSSC is happy with the updated footprint.
The North Ecliptic Spur (NES) is an SSSC priority, and happy to see that included in the 2.0 simulations. ��We still need to look at the wide variations on the number visits within the NES and their impact on our metrics and other science cases.
NES is crucial for Outer Solar System Science, Active Asteroid Population studies, Planet 9 Search.
Image Credit: SCOC report
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
11
11
Solar System Science Collaboration
�
Time recovered from potential efficiency gains?
Low Solar Elongation Twilight survey - enables niche science cases:
Any time that can be dedicated to observing low solar elongations at twilight will be useful.
"No compelling reasons why any of these proposals must be attempted during the first year of operations…"
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
12
12
Solar System Science Collaboration
Longer u-band observations
Exposure times up to 1x50 s are advantageous for detection of CN gas around comets.
Filter allocations/pairs
SSOs are generally brightest in the redder filters: blue heavy distributions reduce SSO discovery rates.
Additional g-band observations can be beneficial to asteroidal and cometary science (e.g., gas emission), but we want to avoid impacts on Kuiper-belt object discovery and main-belt asteroid lightcurve inversion.
Image Credit: HSC Project NAOJ
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
13
13
Solar System Science Collaboration
Nightly Pair Separation
The proposed 33-min separation (15 min during twilight) is expected to be the best balance for Solar System science, which relies on proper motion and source linking for object discovery.
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
14
14
Solar System Science Collaboration
Long Gap Scenarios
We have concerns over potentially changing the separation between nightly pairs at the 5 year mark to accommodate the transient time gap.
Not all Solar System objects are found in the first 2 years (i.e., main-belt statistics dominate numbers).
Nightly triplets did not strongly affect our metrics until the highest g-band limit in the previous set of simulations, so this may be the better way forward.
Fewer nightly pairs...
Longer time between pairs...
Fewer discoveries of comets, NEOs, potentially hazardous asteroids, and interstellar objects?
�
�
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
15
15
Solar System Science Collaboration
SSSC Cadence Contacts:
Meg Schwamb (QUB; mschwamb.astro@gmail.com),
David Trilling (NAU; david.trilling@nau.edu)
Rolling Cadence
Need to do a full analysis on the rolling cadence variations.
We have concerns over more extreme rolling cadence scenarios, but the two-band N-S rolling cadence implemented, looks okay for Solar System Science.
Image Credit: Lynne Jones
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
16
16
DESC + SSSC Q/A
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Strong Lensing Science Collaboration
Chairs: Timo Anguita (Universidad Andres Bello), and �Graham Smith (University of Birmingham)
Topics: “Static” lens finding (Timo)�Lensed NS-NS/KNe and deep Rubin ToOs (Graham)
Additional concerns
17
17
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Strong Lensing Science Collaboration
Our “Static” SLSC Cadence Note
18
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Strong Lensing Science Collaboration
Cadence Note vs Recommendations
19
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Strong Lensing Science Collaboration
Lensed NS-NS/KNe and deep Rubin ToOs
20
These slides summarize:�Smith, Nicholl, Ryczanowski et al., in prep.
See also:�Smith et al. arXiv:1902.05140
KN lightcurve models from: Nicholl et al. (2021)
Localize candidate lensed NS-NS to a lens* via deep ToOs
*Lenses span galaxies, groups and clusters (Robertson et al. 2020)
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Strong Lensing Science Collaboration
Lensed NS-NS/KNe and deep Rubin ToOs
21
LIGO detection: �A+ sensitivity will enable detection of lensed NS-NS in mid-2020s
Candidate selection:�70% of lensed NS-NS are placed in the mass gap in low latency
Rubin follow-up:�Typical lensed KNe require deep ToOs within 1-2 days
Smith, Nicholl, Ryczanowski et al., in prep.; see also Smith et al. arXiv:1902.05140; KN lightcurve models from Nicholl et al. (2021)
Lensing
O5 horizon
Truth
Inferred by LIGO in low latency
BH
NS
Mass gap
z≈1-2
AT2017gfo-like lensed KN (⇒ optimistic)
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Strong Lensing Science Collaboration
Lensed NS-NS/KNe and deep Rubin ToOs
22
Smith et al. (2019, MNRAS, 485, 5180)
Rubin-like (i=25) GW follow-up
Locally optimized difference image
80% of injected transients recovered down to nominal depth of data well inside tangential critical curve in locally optimized difference images
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Strong Lensing Science Collaboration
Additional concerns
23
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
24
24
Galaxies Science Collaboration
s.kaviraj@herts.ac.uk
SCOC report -- Generally looks good!
Chairs: Sugata Kaviraj (Hertfordshire); Manda Banerji (Southampton)
https://tinyurl.com/lsstgalaxies
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
25
25
Galaxies Science Collaboration
s.kaviraj@herts.ac.uk
Consider year-1 optimization
Insurance policy for good start on static-sky catalogs
https://tinyurl.com/lsstgalaxies
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
26
26
SLSC + Galaxies Q/A
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
27
27
Stars, Milky Way, Local Volume SC
�Will Clarkson (wiclarks@umich.edu)
Broad science areas (by science working group)
Improved coverage of the bulge, plane, and Magellanic Clouds, has been a main request from the Galactic science community for some time.�
For much of SMWLV science, v2.0 represents a substantial improvement compared to previous baselines, particularly in moderately crowded regions. The new default footprint is a major improvement over v1.5 and v1.7.
(In the list at left, entries in bold are generally improved by increased coverage of areas of high stellar density.)
Most groups* are still working on re-running their metrics on baseline v2, here follows some immediate feedback:
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
28
28
Stars, Milky Way, Local Volume SC
Will Clarkson (wiclarks@umich.edu)
Example: proper motion uncertainty as a proxy for time sampling & depth:
Street et al. (2021 rubin cadence note)
v1.7.1_10yrs
v2.0_10yrs
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
29
29
Stars, Milky Way, Local Volume SC
(Cool) brown dwarf detection not seriously compromised (metric described in Gizis et al. 2021 cadence note)
v1.7.1: 179k L7 brown dwarfs with y-band uncertainty <0.2 mag
v2.0: 168k L7 brown dwarfs with y-band uncertainty <0.2 mag
Will Clarkson (wiclarks@umich.edu)
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
30
30
Stars, Milky Way, Local Volume SC
*For young stellar object discovery, v2 baseline is much better than v1.7.
Best choice: WFD Nvisits as in gp_smooth v1.5 (Loredana Prisinzano et al. 2021-11-13)
Will Clarkson (wiclarks@umich.edu)
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
31
31
Stars, Milky Way, Local Volume SC
Filter balance in plane, bulge, MC’s? Static science → high accuracy in all filters, tradeoff vs variability?
What about the plane outside the bulge (including the “dusty plane”)? Probably don’t want to go below 0.27 x WFD (~230 epochs per field, for variability, proper motion...). Some cases prefer 0.5 x WFD or more. Known metrics in preparation (e.g. YSOs): also, the ISM itself and Galactic structure?
�Rolling cadence: needs more exploration for Galactic variability studies → tradeoff against static science
Short exposures: Required for calibration (bright foreground stars in many regions): needed in year 1? Commissioning? �Parallax tradeoff against other science cases?
Seeing distribution needs to be incorporated into community metrics… e.g. 75 %-ile rather than best?
Developments during 2021
Open issues to be addressed via metrics into rubin_sim (“missing metrics” session)
Will Clarkson (wiclarks@umich.edu)
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
32
32
Stars, Milky Way, Local Volume SC
Filter balance in plane, bulge, MC’s? Static science → high accuracy in all filters, tradeoff vs variability?
What about the plane outside the bulge (including the “dusty plane”)? Probably don’t want to go below 0.27 x WFD (~230 epochs per field, for variability, proper motion...). Some cases prefer 0.5 x WFD or more. Known metrics in preparation (YSOs): also, the ISM itself and Galactic structure?
�Rolling cadence: needs more exploration for Galactic variability studies → tradeoff against static science?
Short exposures: Required for calibration (bright foreground stars in many regions): needed in year 1? Commissioning? �Parallax tradeoff against other science cases?
Seeing distribution needs to be incorporated into community metrics… e.g. 75 %-ile rather than best?
Developments during 2021
Open issues to be addressed via metrics into rubin_sim (“missing metrics” session)
Will Clarkson (wiclarks@umich.edu)
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
33
33
Transients and Variable Stars SC
Rachel Street rstreet@lco.global
https://lsst-tvssc.github.io
Survey Strategy Task Force:
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Credit
34
34
We acknowledge consistent efforts by many TVS members and productive collaborations with other Science Collaborations
Phase 1 recommendations incorporate much of this community input
TVS appreciates the SCOC’s consideration, and gratefully acknowledges support from the MAF Team.
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
35
35
Please see Rubin Cadence Notes - SMWLV + TVS Synthesis document
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XoZVUVLCIaV2dbynbrWL9KSqSSHqjs0P/view
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
36
36
Q1: Are there any science drivers that would strongly argue for, or against, increasing the WFD footprint from 18,000 sq. deg. to 20,000 sq.deg.?
Pencilbeam fields
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
37
37
Q2: What is the best use of additional observing time?
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
38
38
Q3: Arguments for and against changing the u-band exposure to 1x50s
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
39
39
Q4: Arguments for/against changing time allocated per band
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
40
40
Q5: Arguments for/against two observations per night in same or different filters
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
41
41
Q5: Arguments for/against two observations per night in same or different filters
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
42
42
Q6: For or against rolling cadence?
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
43
43
Q7: For or against dithering?
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Feedback on Phase 1 Recommendations
44
44
Q7: For or against dithering?
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS Response to SCOC Feedback
45
45
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
TVS White Paper submissions
46
46
TVS members contributed 40% of the 2018 White Papers, representing the wide range of science we cover.
Many, but not all, included metrics
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Joint Metrics Spreadsheet
47
47
64 community-contributed metrics from all Science Collaborations
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Joint Metrics Spreadsheet
48
48
64 community-contributed metrics from all Science Collaborations
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
49
49
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
50
50
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
ApJ Strategy Special Edition papers in prep/submitted
51
51
Federica Bianco et al. Optimization of the Observing Cadene for the Rubin Observatory
Xiaolong Li et al. Preparing to discover the unknown with Rubin LSST I: Time domain
Fabio Ragosta et al. Preparing to discover the unknown with Rubin LSST II: Proper motion
Sara Bonito et al. Young stellar objects and their variability with Rubin Observatory LSST
Rachel Street et al. LSST Survey Footprint in the Galactic Plane and Magellanic Clouds
Claudia M. Raiteri et al. Blazar variability with the Vera C. Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST)
Loredana Prisinzano et al. Maximize volume and uniformity coverage of Star Forming Regions in the Galactic
Plane with Rubin LSST
Kresimir Tisanic et al. Simulations of multiband Lomb-Scargle-derived variable star periods
Piero Dal Tio et al. TRILEGAL simulation of the LSST stellar content
Igor Andreoni et al. Optimizing Cadences with Realistic Light Curve Filtering for Serendipitous Kilonova
Discovery with Vera Rubin Observatory
Will Clarkson et al. Saturation and bright objects
Will Clarkson et al. The Galactic Bulge with LSST
Andjelka Kovacevic et al. Photometric reverberation mapping in the era of LSST
Ilaria Musella, et al. Classical variable stars in different Galactic environments: pulsation behaviour recovery.
Natasha Abrams, et al. Microlensing Discovery, Alerts, and Characterization Efficiency at Different Timescales in
the Vera C. Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time
Nina Hernitschek et al. The Impact of Observing Strategy on Reliable Classification of Standard-Candle Variable Stars:
Detection of Amplitude, Period, and Phase Modulation (Blazhko Effect) with LSST
Eric Feigelson et al. A Rapid LSST Cadence for Variable Stars
Igor Andreoni et al. Target of Opportunity Observations of Gravitational Wave Events with
Vera C. Rubin Observatory
Eric Bellm et al. Give Me a Few Hours: Exploring Short Timescales in Rubin Observatory Cadence Simulations
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Questions and Concerns
52
52
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
Resources
53
53
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
54
54
SMWLV + TVS Q/A
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021
55
55
THANK YOU!!
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
Vera C. Rubin Observatory | SCOC Second Workshop | 16-17 November 2021