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Library Catalogue

One such facility is the catalogue of the library which facilitates the readers to know what documents the library has, where they are located on library shelves, and how to access them.

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Definition

The word “catalogue' has been derived from the Greek expression `kata logos'.

It means a list, register or complete enumeration of something. It has now come to mean a list of something, systematically arranged in alphabetical or other order, often with brief description of items listed.

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Choices of Access Points

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Library Card Catalogue

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Books with Editors & Compilers

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Books with Editors & Compilers

Examples

http://opac.navalmarinearchive.com/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=34265

http://library.nehu.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=22

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Map

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MARC 21

https://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bdsummary.html

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MARC 21

What is a MARC record? A MARC record is a

MAchine-Readable Cataloging record.

Machine-readable: "Machine-readable" means that one particular type of machine, a computer, can read and interpret the data in the cataloging record.

Cataloging record: "Cataloging record" means a bibliographic record, or the information traditionally shown on a catalog card. The record includes (not necessarily in this order): 1) a description of the item, 2) main entry and added entries, 3) subject headings, and 4) the classification or call number. (MARC records often contain much additional information.)

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MARC 21

Description:
Librarians follow the rules in Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR-II), 2nd ed., 2002 revision to compose the bibliographic description of a library item (ANY LATEST EDITION.. WOULD BE CONSIDERED).
This "description" is shown in the paragraph sections of a card. It includes the title, statement of responsibility, edition, material specific details, publication information, physical description, series, notes, and standard numbers.

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MARC 21

2. Main entry and added entries:

AACR2 also contains rules for determining "access points" to the record (usually referred to as the "main entry" and "other added entries"), and the form these access points should take.
Access points are the retrieval points in the library catalog where patrons should be able to look up the item.

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MARC 21

3. Subject headings (subject added entries):

The librarian uses the Sears List of Subject Headings (Sears), the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), or some other list of standard subject headings to select the subjects under which the item will be listed.
Use of an approved list is important for consistency, to ensure that all items on a particular subject are found under the same heading and therefore in the same place in the catalog.

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MARC 21

4. Call number:

The librarian uses a Dewey Decimal or Library of Congress classification schedule to select the call number for an item.
The purpose of the call number is to place items on the same subject together on the same shelf in the library.
Most items are sub-arranged alphabetically by author. The second part of the call number usually represents the author's name, facilitating this sub-arrangement.

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Why Is a MARC Record Necessary?

The information from a catalog card cannot simply be typed into a computer to produce an automated catalog. The computer needs a means of interpreting the information found on a cataloging record.
The MARC record contains a guide to its data, or little "signposts," before each piece of bibliographic information.
The best file structure allows for records with an unlimited number of fields and unlimited field lengths. This flexibility is necessary because not all titles are the same length.
Some books are part of a series, requiring a field for that information, while others have no series statement

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Why Is a MARC Record Necessary?

Data "signposts:" The computer must have assistance if it is to read and interpret the bibliographic record. The box charts on the right illustrate the information these "signposts" need to convey.

If bibliographic record has been marked correctly and saved in a computer data file, computer programs can then be written to punctuate and format the information correctly for printing a set of catalog cards, or for displaying the information on a computer screen.

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Fields by Tags

Fields are marked by Tags.

Field: Each bibliographic record is divided logically into fields. There is a field for the author, a field for title information, and so on. These fields are subdivided into one or more "subfields." 1# $a

Tag: Each field is associated with a 3-digit number called a "tag." A tag identifies the field -- the kind of data -- that follows. Even though a printout or screen display may show the tag immediately followed by indicators (making it appear to be a 4- or 5-digit number), the tag is always the first 3 digits.

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MARC 21

The Library of Congress serves as the official depository of United States publications and is a primary source of cataloging records for US and international publications.
When the Library of Congress began to use computers in the 1960s, it devised the LC MARC format, a system of using brief numbers, letters, and symbols within the cataloging record itself to mark different types of information.
The original LC MARC format evolved into MARC 21 and has become the standard used by most library computer programs.
The MARC 21 bibliographic format, as well as all official MARC 21 documentation, is maintained by the Library of Congress.

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MARC 21

Mark record is composed with three elements

Record structure: is an implementation of the international standard format for information exchange (ISO 2709) and its American Counterpart, Bibliographic Information Interchange (ANSI/NISO Z39.2).
Content Designation: the codes and conventions established explicitly to identify and further characterize the data elements within a record and to support the manipulation of data. It is defined by each of the MARC formats.
Content of the record: content of the data elements that comprise a MARC record is usually defined by standards outside the formats. International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD), Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), or other cataloging rules, subject thesauri, and classification schedules used by the organization that creates a record

Reference: (https://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bdintro.html)

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MARC 21 (Necessary fields in KOHA)

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Signposts	Data	Tag
Main entry, personal name with a single surname: The name:	Korfhage, Robert R	100 (Main Entry-Personal Name) 110 (Main Entry-Corporate Name)
Title and Statement of responsibility area, pick up title for a title added entry Title proper: Statement of responsibility:	Information Storage and Retrieval / Robert R Korfhage	245 (Title Statement)
Edition area:		250 (Edition Statement)

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MARC 21 (Necessary fields in KOHA)

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Signposts	Data	Tag
Publication, distribution, etc., area: Place of publication: Name of publisher: Date of publication:	New York : McGraw-Hill, c1987.	260 (Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint) $a $b $c
Physical description area: Pagination: Illustrative matter: Size:	45p. : col. ill. ; 26 cm.	300 (Physical Description) $a $b $c
Note area: Summary:		520 (Summary, Etc)

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MARC 21 (Necessary fields in KOHA)

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Signposts	Data	Tag
Subject added entries Topical subject:	Mechanical Issue	650 (Subject Added Entry-Topical Term)
call number	599.74 ARN	050 Library of Congress Call Number ) 080 (Universal Decimal Classification Number) 082 (Dewey Decimal Classification Number)
https://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bdsummary.html

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library glossary

ISBN - International Standard Book Number (13 digit)

library network (consortium) – Delnet & N-List

https://libguides.usc.edu/libraryterms

https://www.waikato.ac.nz/library/guidance/guides/glossary-library-terms#CC

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MARC 21

Koha Using libraries (Middle East)

http://maktabat.mu.edu.sa/cgi-bin/koha/opac-MARCdetail.pl?biblionumber=19108

World wide https://wiki.koha-community.org/wiki/Koha_Users_Worldwide

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Reference

Chan, Lois Mai (2007). Cataloging and Classification: An Introduction. 3^rd ed. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow.
Maxwell, Robert (2004). Maxwell’s Handbook for AACR2: Exploring and Illustrating the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules Through the 2003 updated. Chicago: American Library Association.
MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data (https://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/)
Furnie, B. (2003). Understanding MARC bibliographic. 7th. Ed. Library of Congress

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