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��� DIPA CHAKRABORTY� DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY

INDIAN PHILOSOPHICAL SYSTEMS

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CONCEPT OF DARSANA

  1. Indian philosophy includes Shad Darsana, Jaina Darsana, Buddha Darsana and Carvaka Darsana.
  2. It refers to ‘ that though the instrumentality of which something is to be seen’
  3. This function can be performed by both external as well as internal eyes.

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CLASSIFICATION

    • Divine eyes(divya caksu)
    • Eyes of wisdom(praja casku)
    • Internal eyes-
    • Eyes of knowledege (jnana caksu)

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The division is as follows-

    • Indian Philosophical Syatems
      • Astika schools
        • Based on Vedas
          • Emphasizing on Karma Kanda(Mimamsa)
          • Emphasing on jana Kanda(Vedanta)

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        • Independent origin(Nyaya, Valsesika, Samkhya, Yoga)

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      • Nastika schools(Jaina, Buddha, Carvaka)

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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE VEDAS

  1. Indian Philosophical Systems traces their origin in Vedas
  2. On the basis of belief in Vedas , Indian Philosophical systems are divided in to 2 major types-
  3. Astika schools of philosophy-Orthodox schools of philosophy.

Astika schools believe in the authority of vedas. Astika schools are further divided on the basis of independent origin, jnana kanda,karma kanda etc.

Nastika schools of philosophy- Heterodox schools of philosophy.

Nastika schools do not believe in the authority of Vedas.

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INDIAN PHILOSOPHY IS CHARACTERIZED BY A FUNDAMENTAL UNITY.FOLLOWING ARE THE COMMON CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHICAL SYSTEMS�

  1. Spiritual Orientation : Indian Philosophy is spiritual and believes in the reality of the soul and seeks to realise it in its true form. The realisation of the soul has been the common goal of all Indian Philosophical Schools.
  2. Closeness To Life: Indian Philosophy is close to life. It has a higher and profounder arm in view. It wants to tackle the ultimate problems of life.
  3. Spiritual Dissatisfaction: Indian philosophers were not content with merely mundane ursuits. Indian philosophy owes its origin to the discontent of the spirit with merely temporal life. It aims at a divine transformation of life.

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Contd.

  1. Liberation – The Ultimate End: Indian philosophers differ in details as to the conception of liberation . The unanomously hold that liberation enables a man to free himself from the schacles of ignorance and from the bondage of misery.
  2. Ignorance- The Root Caus eof Bondage ; That misery and bondage are the offering of human ignorance is the common corenerstone of all philosophical schools of India.

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