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Flipping Failure

Metacognitive Strategies to Spark Grit and Growth

TES 2025

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Presenters

LINDSAY LUTMAN

Instructional Designer

UCATT

SHERILYN KEATON

Professor of Practice

Systems & Industrial Engineering

Teaching Exchange Symposium 2025

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PollEV.com

llutman094

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The Challenges

Cognitive, behavioral, emotional - each domain reinforces or challenges the others.

When one weakens or strengthens, it sets a cycle in motion that shapes learning, actions, and emotional resilience.

1. THE SNOWBALL EFFECT

Learners were struggling to advance their knowledge and skills. Basic concepts were not understood, making it difficult to keep up as the complexity of the course progressed.

3. ANXIETY & STRESS

Learners were exhibiting and communicating increased levels of anxiety and stress, particularly around exams.

2. TRANSACTIONALISM

Conversations were grades-focused rather than learning-focused. Learners were primarily concerned with what they needed to do to “get the grade.”

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A Big Idea Example from a Course

hopelessness. It’s suffering

“It isn’t suffering that leads to

you think you can’t control.”

Angela Lee Duckworth

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How Might We…

Cultivate a learning culture that �(1) emphasizes learning as a journey and (2) provides learners with meaningful control over their learning process so they are motivated by growth rather than grades.

Created by Adobe Firefly

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Post-Exam Learning Opportunity

(PELO)

Excerpt from Saundra McGuire

“What to Do After the Test Is Returned Most students don’t realize how much valuable information their returned tests contain. When many students get a test back, they typically put it out of sight, especially if the grade is lower than they anticipated. But you should analyze all of your returned tests and quizzes, reflect on what you missed and why, and develop a plan for improvement. “

McGuire, Saundra Yancy. “Teach Students How to Learn: Strategies You Can Incorporate into Any Course to Improve Student Metacognition, Study Skills, and Motivation”. Stylus Publishing, 2015.

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Student Prompt

Post-Exam Learning Opportunity

What you need to do:

  • Pick one of your Midterm Exams,
  • Review your exam solutions,
  • Study again the topics you missed points on,
    • Present your original work,
    • Talk about where you went wrong,
    • Show your revised solution,
    • Talk about what you learned and how it is different from your original understanding,
  • Get up to and including 50% of your exam points back.

That’s it!

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Pros

and

Cons

Pros:

  • Promotes a learning culture
  • Students learn the material
  • Students feel less stress
  • Gives control back to the student
  • I enjoy watching that ‘then it clicked’ moment and seeing my students learn and become more confident

Cons:

  • Meeting with each student takes a lot of time, but is a welcome tradeoff to be able to witness that ‘Aha’ moment in a student.

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  • Anonymous student

I enjoyed the online exams as well as the existence of the PELO despite me not using it (it helped me not become stressed about doing super good on the first try as I can learn from what i did wrong and correct it).

Outcomes: Qualitative

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  • Anonymous student

Your PELO gives us an opportunity not only to gain missed points back but a sense of accomplishment for finally understanding what we didn’t previously.

Outcomes: Qualitative

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  • Anonymous student

There is something about having a student “teach” the material that they missed that helps build confidence in the material. It could also be the way a shy student finally speaks to the teacher and breaks an invisible barrier that had previously prevented them from seeking out help.

Outcomes: Qualitative

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  • Anonymous student

The PELOs really helped as a study guide. Knowing that I was having to defend my corrections for a significant grade improvement really encouraged me to do a deep dive into the material. It can be so defeating when I would be doing a lot studying on an exam to only get a suboptimal grade. By doing the PELOs it represented hope that I was still in the fight (able to pass the class and learn).

Outcomes: Qualitative

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  • Anonymous student

I myself may not be shy but even I get intimidated sometimes in a one on one situation when I am at a massive disadvantage because I’m in need of help. It can cause feeling of shame and anxiety to be so vulnerable. Your PELO changes the dynamic of normal office hours environment.

Outcomes: Qualitative

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Outcomes:

Quantitative

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Outcomes:

Quantitative

(Source Data)

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3-2-1 Reflection

3 THINGS

That I learned this week

2 THINGS

That I still have a question about

1 THING

That I enjoyed this week

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Offers Students…

A chance to recall what they learned, explore more information on topics they were unclear but interested about, and then leaves them with something they found enjoyable in their latest lessons.

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Offers Instructors…

What the students are absorbing from the lessons, where they may still have questions, and just as importantly - what we are getting right!

Created by Adobe Firefly

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Reflect

Post-Assessment �Learning Opportunity

3-2-1 Reflection

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Collaborate

  • What activity did you select and why?
  • What opportunities does this activity open up?
  • What concerns do you have about implementation?
  • What “other” elements did you consider?
  • What questions do you have?

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Thank You

lindsaylutman@arizona.edu

keatons@arizona.edu