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USING CO2, SODIUM, ,AND WATER TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY ON VENUS

A MOMENT TO VENUS TEAM

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INTRODUCTION

Energy is one of the most essential things for exploring space. Therefore, we discussed how to store energy on a planet by exploiting some of the sources that were found on its surface.

Venus is this planet. It has been discovered that Venus has substances that can assist

storing energy on its surface.

Further research shows that 96.5% of the atmosphere of Venus is composed of carbon dioxide and it is important as the increase in water acidity caused by carbon dioxide is a main stage in the experiment.

Additionally, because Venus is so close to the sun, its oceans have evaporated, so the water for the experiment will be brought from the earth.

Venus has been discovered to have sodium-containing rocks, which will support the experiment since sodium makes up the metal anode.

The main idea is a liquid battery. A sodium metal anode is placed in an organic electrolyte and a cathode is placed in an aqueous solution. The two liquids are separated by a sodium Super Ionic Conductor (NASICON) membrane. Then, injecting carbon dioxide into the aqueous solution reacts with the cathode, turning the solution more acidic. By increasing the acidity of the Solution, the number of protons increases, which in turn increases the power to attract electrons. Finally, an electrochemical reaction happens to produce electricity.

The challenge is to design an energy storage system that will power the surface of Venus for at least 60 days, so that there is viable energy storage capability for long-duration exploration missions, so it has been decided that this energy will be stored using two lithium sulfur dioxide batteries by specific characteristics by a specific way.

The entire reaction begins when CO2 is injected into the water; at that point, the conversion efficiency of CO2 is high at 50%, eliminating CO2 and producing electricity and H2.

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MATERIALS

Materials were used to make the idea more applicable:
1. Organic electrolyte.
2. Aqueous solution (Sodium bicarbonate solution).
3. Sodium super ionic Conductor (NASICON) membrane.
4. Sodium metal.
5. Pure hard silicone bowl.

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METHODOLOGY

The NASICON membrane, organic electrolyte, and aqueous solution were first placed in the silicone bowl because its heat resistance is 500 Celsius. A sodium Super Ionic Conductor (NASICON) membrane separates the two liquids. The aqueous solution then contains a cathode.
The organic electrolyte was then filled with a sodium metal anode. The aqueous solution received an injection of this CO2.
After that, it reacts with the cathode, making the solution more acidic. As a result, there are more protons in the solution, which improves its ability to attract electrons.
Finally, an amount of electricity and hydrogen was generated.

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RESULTS

When carbon dioxide and ocean water interact, the acidity of the water increases.
As ocean water's acidity increases, so does the number of protons.
The prototype will produce 2.71 volts (theoretical) and practically 1.3 volts.
The prototype produced 0.41 ampere.
The prototype’s power equals 1.11 watts
the power provided by the battery equals 22.62 watts.
the battery’s voltage equals 2.9 volts.
hydrogen gas

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DISCUSSION

The outcomes of the research are electricity and H2. Electricity will be stored in batteries making Venus a place for energy storage. These batteries are called lithium sulfur dioxide with a limited voltage equal 2.9 volts, capacity equal 7800 mAh, and power equal 22.62 wh. This battery is already used in Venus’s rovers.
The prototype produces 1,3 volts practically and the battery needs at least 2.9 volts at least so three prototypes are needed to charge every single battery. The prototypes will be connected in a series to increase the voltage. The recharge time equals 2 to 3 hours. In this way, the required energy is produced.

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CONCLUSION

Finally, after a lot of research and tests, it was found that the project is successful.
This liquid battery provided the needed energy by multiplying the number of prototypes by three prototypes for every single battery.
With the increase in the concentration of this CO2 in water, the acidity of the water increases in the liquid battery.
This acidity of water is the reason for the outcomes of the research. These outcomes are electricity and hydrogen gas.
The electricity will be stored in two lithium sulfur dioxide batteries. These batteries will be used to store energy in the rover for 60 days at least.

Now, that you have narrowed your topic, you will want to organize your research in a structure that works. There are some common organizational patterns based on the kind of research you are doing.

Organizational Structures:

Cause and Effect- this kind of structure is great for explaining the causes and effects of a topic
Compare and Contrast- in this pattern you highlight the similarities and differences of the topic
Explain process- this structure is great for outlining a series of steps to follow;
Definition- if you want to make sure your audience understands what something is using illustrations, meanings, clarifying misconceptions, you may want to use this structure
Classification- a common organizational structure is grouping like topics or facts from the research together. For instance, in the internet safety about social media apps, you may organize the research where you look at each social media app one at a time

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RECOMMENDATIONS

Two products are created after the chemical process in the battery is finished: electricity and hydrogen gas.

Because hydrogen fuel is less expensive than gasoline, it is recommended to store it in tanks and export it to Earth and use it as a vehicle fuel.

After you’ve done your research, it’s time to put your presentation together. The first step in the process is to introduce the topic. This is a great time to connect your topic to something that your audience can relate. In other words, why should they listen to all the information you will be sharing in your research presentation? What is in it for them? You may also want to include a graphic or image to grab their attention.

Feel free to duplicate this slide by right-clicking on this slide in the slides pane to the left and select Duplicate Slide.

The next step in your presentation is to state your claim or topic clearly. Your teacher may even call this your thesis. As you state your thesis, you may find that this layout is not the best layout for your claim or topic. You can change the layout by clicking the drop-down menu next to the Layout in the Slides menu section. You can choose Two Content, Comparison, or Picture with Caption. Note: A different layout might change the look of the icons on this page.

You will also want to state your facts. You have done the research now share some of the interesting facts with your audience. Facts do not have to be boring; you can communicate facts in a variety of ways by going to the Insert Tab. In the Insert tab you can:

Insert pictures from your computer or online.
Add a chart
Create some SmartArt
Insert a variety of icons to help your facts come to life. Note: You can change the color of the icons by selecting the icon and then click on the Format tab and then Graphics Fill. From there, you will choose a color from the list or choose More Fill Colors to give you more options.

Since this research presentation is a result of your hard work and searching, you want to make sure you support the claims or points in your presentation with facts from your research findings. Make sure you give the author proper credit for helping you share your ideas. If one of your sources has a video that is relevant to your topic, you can add the video as added support. Keep in mind the length of the video and the amount of time you have for your presentation. For a 5 minute speech, the video should be no longer than 30 seconds.

Questions to consider:

How will you state the author of the source?
Will you need to cite the source on the slide?

What are some ways you can engage your audience so they feel like they are a part of the presentation? Some ideas to consider is by taking a quick poll like: by a show of hands, how many of you think school uniforms are a way to cut down on bullying? Another suggestion is to have them hold up a certain number of fingers to see if they agree or disagree. Finally, you can share a story that the audience can relate to that makes them laugh.

After all the applause, your audience may have some questions. Be prepared to answer some of their questions by making a list of questions you think they might ask. You may also want to share the presentation with them by providing the link to your presentation, if they want more information.

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THE END

WE HOPE OUR PRESENTATION HAS GOT YOUR RESPECT AND ADMIRATION

You can use this slide as your opening or closing slide. Should you choose to use it as a closing, make sure you review the main points of your presentation. One creative way to do that is by adding animations to the various graphics on a slide. This slide has 4 different graphics, and, when you view the slideshow, you will see that you can click to reveal the next graphic. Similarly, as you review the main topics in your presentation, you may want each point to show up when you are addressing that topic.

Add animation to images and graphics:

Select your image or graphic.
Click on the Animations tab.
Choose from the options. The animation for this slide is “Split”. The drop-down menu in the Animation section gives even more animations you can use.
If you have multiple graphics or images, you will see a number appear next to it that notes the order of the animations.

Note: You will want to choose the animations carefully. You do not want to make your audience dizzy from your presentation.