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The 3 axis of a carbon strategy

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Greenhouse gas assessment

Action plans

Employee engagement

Engage collaborators through training modules and collective action plans

Set a target and implement action plans to reduce your impact

Compute CO2 emissions and identify main sources and reduction leverages

ADEME's "Bilan Carbone" approach contains 3 axes, allowing companies to structure their carbon strategy.

1st Axis : Greenhouse gas assessment

This step aims to make an inventory of the company's emissions and thus identify the main emission sources, allowing to prioritize the actions to be implemented to reduce its emissions.

2nd Axis : Action plans

This step aims to build and implement a roadmap of actions to reduce the company's emissions. It is generally accompanied by the setting of reduction targets.

3rd Axis : Employee engagement

Employee engagement is crucial to a company's carbon strategy in two ways:

It is important to train employees, particularly top management, so that energy and climate issues are taken into account in the company's decisions.
Training of employees is necessary for collective awareness and reduction of individual emissions.

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What is a Greenhouse gas report ?

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A Greenhouse gas report is an evaluation of the amount of greenhouse gas emitted by an organization during a specific period.

CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas. Methane or Nitrous oxide, among others, also have an impact on climate change.

Exemple : According to the IPCC, the emission of 1kg of CH4 is equivalent to 28 kg of CO2.

Carbon reports usually computes the emissions of companies in terms of CO2 equivalent (CO2e)

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Scope 1 : Direct Emissions

Scope 1 refers to direct emissions from the company : fossil fuels combustion and gas leaks.

Scope 2 : Indirect Emissions from Energy

Scope 2 refers to indirect emissions from energy : electricity consumption and heat networks.

Scope 3 : Value chain (upstream and downstream)

Scope 3 refers to the entire value chain of companies :

Emissions from suppliers, usage of product sold, business trips, etc. �

Carbon report Methodology

A standardized approach �

Company vehicles’ gas

Refrigerating gas

Fossil fuels

Electricity

Heat Network

Commuting

Purchased goods & services

Energy - upstream

Business trips

Transport & distribution

Waste treatment

Leased Assets

Investments

Downstream transport

Down-

stream

Up-

stream

ADEME is the originator of the Bilan CarboneⓇ Methodology, and proposes to list the emissions of companies in 3 categories, called "Scope":

Scope 1 : Direct Emissions

Scope 1 accounts for all direct emissions from companies, linked to the combustion of hydrocarbons (oil, gas, coal), or emissions of other greenhouse gases, via industrial processes (e.g. use of refrigerant gases), or the release of gases stored by ecosystems (fires, plowing, etc.).

Scope 2 : Indirect Emissions from Energy

This item mainly concerns emissions resulting from the production of electricity.

To a lesser extent, Scope 2 accounts for emissions resulting from the use of heating/cooling networks.

Scope 3 : Value chain (upstream and downstream)

Scope 3 is divided into two parts: "upstream" and "downstream" emissions.

Upstream Scope 3

Upstream Scope 3 accounts for all the emissions generated upstream of the company's value chain: the carbon footprint of products and services purchased, freight, business and home-to-work travel, upstream energy (extraction, refining, transport, infrastructure construction, etc.), company assets, etc.

Downstream Scope 3

Downstream Scope 3 accounts for emissions once products are sold: waste, franchises, investments, use of products sold, processing of products sold, etc.

A few examples…

Use of sold products: this emission item is the main subject of automobile manufacturers, via the combustion of fuel in vehicles.

Processing of sold products: A significant portion of FoxConn's GHG footprint is the energy consumption of its customers to assemble its components.

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How are emissions computed?

Physical approach

Emissions are always computed by multiplying activities data by emission factors.

Methodology

Exemples

Kg CO2e

22.7

Kg CO2e

Physical data (kWh, km, kg...)

Emission factor (kgCO2e / unit)

Natural gas :

100 kWh

0.227 kgCO2e / kWh

This emission factor comes from the French Environmental agency and takes into account gas combustion and upstream emissions (gas extraction & transportation)

When data is available, emissions are computed with a physical approach.

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How are emissions computed?

Monetary approach

When physical flows are to complex to be quantified, or when data is unavailable, a monetary approach is used, based on accounting data.

Exemple

Salesforce spendings :

10 000 €

1200

Kg CO2e

Carbon intensity of SF revenue

0.12 kgCO2e / €

When a company uses Salesforce’s services, a lot of different physical flows are induced : data center usage, offices’ energy consumption, etc. Hence, a monetary approach is used.

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How is this ratio computed?

Salesforce carbon footprint

Salesforce revenue

1 300 kt CO2e

11 Bn €

0.12 kgCO2e/€

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Collaborators’ Questionnaire

To compute your emissions

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2

You will receive a questionnaire in your mailbox (10 min)

You will receive an analysis of your CO2 emissions at work.

Your results will be integrated to the company’s carbon footprint.

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Employee engagement

Awareness program

1st Month

Month 2

Month 3

Month 4

Month 5

Month 6

Month 7-11

Month 12

Employee Onboarding

Quiz 2

Numerics

Quiz 3

Agri-food

Quiz 4

Transport

Quiz 5

Energy

And many more…

Feedback on the year

Quiz 1

Climate Science