世界 THE WORLD

亚洲 ASIA

The continent of Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent with over 4 billion people calling Asia home.

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Asia also contains the world's most populous country, China, and the world's largest country, Russia. Asia borders Africa and Europe to the west and the Pacific Ocean to the east. ��The continent of Asia is so large and diverse that it often is divided into sub-regions

亚洲 ASIA SUBREGIONS

• Northern Asia
• Middle East
• Southern Asia
• Eastern Asia
• Southeastern Asia

亚洲文化 ASIAN CULTURES

Asia is rich in diverse races, cultures, and languages.

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ASIA AND RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD

• Many of the world's major religions came out of Asia including Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism. �

ASIA PRODUCTS FOR THE WORLD

Asia has a major influence on

world culture

and the world's economy.

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Countries such as Russia, China, Japan and India produce products and services that are used by every nation in the world.

石油 ASIA AND OIL PRODUCTION

Asia is also abundant in natural resources.

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Oil in the Middle East is a major supplier of much of the world's energy.

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亚洲 ASIA STATISTICS

• Population: 4,164,252,000 (Source: 2010 United Nations) ��Area: 27,539,000 square kilometers ��Ranking: It is the largest and most populous continent ��

亚洲 ASIA BIOMES

• Major Biomes: desert, grasslands, temperate forest, taiga

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亚洲大城市 MAJOR CITIES �OF ASIA

• Tokyo, Japan
• Jakarta, Indonesia
• Seoul, South Korea
• Delhi, India
• Mumbai, India
• Manila, Philippines
• Shanghai, China
• Beijing, China
• Osaka, Japan
• Karachi, Pakistan

ANCIENT CHINA GEOGRAPHY

• The geography of Ancient China shaped the way the civilization and culture developed. The large land was isolated from much of the rest of the world by dry deserts to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the east, and impassable mountains to the south. This enabled the Chinese to develop independently from other world civilizations.

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ANCIENT CHINA GEOGRAPHY

• This enabled the Chinese to develop independently from other world civilizations.

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ANCIENT CHINA GEOGRAPHY

• The two most important geographical features of Ancient China were the two major rivers that flowed through central China: the 黄河 Yellow River to the north and the 长江 Yangtze River to the south. These major rivers were a great source of fresh water, food, fertile soil, and transportation. They also were the subjects of Chinese poetry, art, literature, and folklore.

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ANCIENT CHINA GEOGRAPHY�黄河 YELLOW RIVER

• The Yellow River is often called the "cradle of Chinese civilization". It was along the banks of the Yellow river where the Chinese civilization first formed. The Yellow River is 3,395 miles long making it the sixth longest river in the world. It is also called the Huang He River.

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• Early Chinese farmers built small villages along the Yellow River. The rich yellow colored soil was good for growing a grain called millet. The farmers of this area also raised sheep and cattle.

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ANCIENT CHINA GEOGRAPHY�长江 YANGTZE RIVER

• The Yangtze River is south of the Yellow River and flows in the same direction (west to east). It is 6,417 Kilometers long and is the third longest river in the world. Just like the Yellow River, the Yangtze played an important role in the development of the culture and civilization of Ancient China.

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• Farmers that lived along the Yangtze River took advantage of the warm climate and rainy weather to grow rice. Eventually the land along the Yangtze became some of the most important and wealthy land in all of Ancient China.

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• The Yangtze also served as a boundary between northern and southern China. It is very wide and was very difficult to cross.

中国山ANCIENT CHINA GEOGRAPHY

• To the south and southeast of China are the Himalaya Mountains. These are the highest mountains in the world. They provided a nearly impassable border for Ancient China, keeping the area isolated from many other civilizations. They were also important to Chinese religion and were considered sacred.

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中国沙漠 ANCIENT CHINA GEOGRAPHY

• To the north and west of Ancient China were two of the world's largest deserts: the Gobi Desert and the Taklamakan Desert. These deserts also provided borders that kept the Chinese isolated from the rest of the world. The Mongols, however, lived in the Gobi Desert and were constantly raiding cities of northern China. This is why the Great Wall of China was built to protect the Chinese from these northern invaders.

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亚洲 ASIA-CHINA 中国

亚洲 ASIA-CHINA 中国

• Capital: Beijing former called Peking 北京

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亚洲 ASIA-CHINA 中国

中国CHINA SIZE

• Area: 9,596,960 Km²
• Size Comparison: slightly smaller than the US , almost 5 times bigger than Mexico

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MAJOR CITIES IN CHINA�中国 AND POPULATION 人口

• Shanghai 18,000,000
• BEIJING (capital) 14,000,000
• Chongqing 10,000,000
• Shenzhen 10, 000,000
• Guangzhou 10,000,000
• Hong Kong 8,000,000

By 2040, India's population is expected to be 1.52 billion; that same year, China's will be 1.45 billion and India will become the world's most populous country. As of 2005, India has a total fertility rate of 2.8, well above replacement value, so it is growing much more quickly than China.

中国 CHINA POPULATION

• Population: 1,400,000,000

Population comparison:

• Largest populated country on earth
• 4.5 times the population of the United States
• 13 times the population of Mexico
• More than the population in India 1,200,000,000

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中国 CHINESE CURRENCY

Yuan (CNY)¥;

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Also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB)

中国 CHINA´S BRIEF HISTORY

China's history is rich with art, politics, science, and philosophy. It is home to some of the oldest major world civilizations.��

中国 ANCIENT CHINA

• China was ruled by various dynastiesChina was ruled by various dynasties for much of its history. The first dynasty is believed to be the Xia dynasty which formed somewhere around 2000 BC. The Shang or Yin dynasty gained power around the 11th century BC. The Han DynastyChina was ruled by various dynasties for much of its history. The first dynasty is believed to be the Xia dynasty which formed somewhere around 2000 BC. The Shang or Yin dynasty gained power around the 11th century BC. The Han Dynasty, which lasted over 400 years from 206 BC to 220 AD, was one of the most influential in China's history. Much of the culture today was created during the Han Dynasty. Later famous dynasties, like the Song and the Tang, continued to refine the culture and bring new innovations to the world including printed money, a permanent navy, and a government that ruled over 100 million people.

中国 ANCIENT CHINA

• The last of the great dynasties began in 1644. The Ming dynasty was in power, but was overthrown by the Manchus who put the Qing dynasty into power. During the Qing dynasty western influences and European trade and wars began to weaken China. Britain gained control of Hong Kong after the Opium Wars.�

REFORMS IN CHINA

In the early 1900s the people of China began to want reform. Revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen created the Chinese Nationalist Peoples Party, also called the KMT or Kuomintang. This was a communist party and was allied with the Soviet Union. After Sun Yat-sen died, Chiang Kai-shek became leader of the party. Chiang turned on the leaders of the CCP, the communist party, and had many of them killed. A new leader, MAO ZE DONG took over the communists and led the CCP on a famous “Long March” to a distant area of China. There they regrouped and eventually would force Chiang Kai-shek out of China and to the island of Taiwan.

中国 PEOPLE´S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (PRC)

Mao Zedong established the Peoples Republic of China on October 1, 1949.

They were strongly allied with the Soviet Union and modeled the government after Soviet communism.��

中国 PEOPLE´S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (PRC)

In 1958, Mao Zedong embarked on a new plan called the Great Leap Forward. Unfortunately this plan backfired and China experienced a terrible famine including much starvation and death. Over the next several decades China would struggle with political reforms and economic policy, slowly recovering and becoming a major world power again.

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中国 MODERN CHINA

• Since 1980 China then ruled by Deng Xiao Ping started to open itself to the West.
• China welcomed foreign investment and the huge demand for goods and services became a fertile soil for development.
• Economy has been the main growth engine for the country.

中国 MODERN CHINA

• The People's Republic of China (PRC) is the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP and by purchasing power parity after the United States.

中国 MODERN CHINA

• It is the world's fastest-growing major economy, with growth rates averaging 10% over the past 30 years.

中国 MODERN CHINA

• China is also the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world.

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中国 MODERN CHINA

• Thank you for your kind attention to this introduction to China Geography, history and actual situation.

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KNOWLEDGEMENTS

• Written by Fernando Garza
• Graphics taken from the Internet for didactic pourposes.
• Information taken from CIA World Fact Book, Ducksters.com, Forbes.com, CRI.cn, chinofacil.com, BBC.com
• Valid at May, 2013 or as else noted
• All facts and figures are the responsability of the producers of that information. Fernando Garza assumes no liability regarding the information quoted in this presentation.
• May be used freely for educational pourposes.