Welcome to the e-content presentation on� �‘INDIA- SIZE AND LOCATION’���� by Mrs.Renuka.J� P.G.T(Geo.)� J.N.V., B(U)
Acknowledgement
I am grateful to the assistance rendered by the principal, vice principal, the staff and students of the vidyalaya in completing this work.
I am also grateful to the Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti for providing me the opportunity to do this work.
INTRODUCTION:�India is one of the ancient civilizations in the world. In this topic let us examine how the size and location of our country helped to achieve multi-faceted socio-economic progress during the last five decades.
LOCATION:�
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Look at Globe No.1: What does the equator do to the globe?
It divides the globe into two hemispheres-Northern and Southern.
Look at Globe No.2: What does the Prime Meridian do to the globe?
It also divides the globe into two hemispheres- Eastern and Western.
Look at the world map and answer the following:
1.Find out in which hemispheres India is situated?
2. Locate the Tropic of Cancer and find out if it passes through India?
3. What is its role with reference to India?
Look at the map of India and find out:
1. The latitudinal and longitudinal extension of India?
( The Mainland of India extends between the latitudes 8°4’ N and 37 °6’ N and longitudes 68 °7’ E and 97° 25’ E.)
2. Find out the difference between the latitudinal extensions as well as the longitudinal extensions in India?
(37°6’-8°4’=29°2’ ; 97°25’-68°7’=29°18’). So, the latitudinal and the longitudinal extent of the mainland is about 30°.
3. The East-West and North-South extension of India in Kms?
4. Why is the North-South extent of India larger than its East-West extent even though the country’s latitudinal and longitudinal extent in degrees is of approximately the same value?
( The distance between two latitudes is always the same while the distance between two longitudes goes on decreasing from equator to poles.)
1.What is the time now?
2.What will be the time now in Japan,U.K or U.S.A,?
Let us find out the reason for this difference in time.
Longitude and Time:
3. Look at the globe no.2 and find out the total degrees of longitude in the Eastern and the Western Hemispheres?
(180°in each hemisphere).
So, we can say that the total degrees of longitude on the earth is 180°+ 180°=360°.
4. What is the duration of the rotation of the earth?
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Within 24 hours the earth will cross 360° of longitude. So, within 1 hour the earth will cross 15° of longitude or 1° of longitude will be crossed within 4 minutes.
Do you know what is the direction of earth’s rotation?
Since the rotation of the earth is from West to East the places which are situated in the East will be ahead in time.
Different places have got different longitudinal values and so the time will be different in different places.
If a country has vast longitudinal extension, will the time be same throughout the country?
No.
Take the example of India. The total longitudinal extent of India is about 30°.
So, there should be a time lag of two hours from Arunachal Pradesh to Gujarat but we are not feeling this time difference. Why? Let us find out.
To avoid confusion in time all the countries will choose their Central Meridian as the Standard Meridian.
Look at the world map and find out the names of countries from nos.1 to 7 and observe the size of each country.
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Look at the world map and find out the names of countries from nos.1 to 7 and observe the size of each country.
Now, you will understand that area wise the seven largest countries in the world are as follows:
S.No | Name o f the Country | Area ( in million Sq.Kms) |
1 | Russia | 17.07 |
2 | Canada | 9.97 |
3 | U.S.A | 9.80 |
4 | China | 9.59 |
5 | Brazil | 8.54 |
6 | Australia | 7.68 |
7 | India | 3.28 |
Some more facts about India:
1. India’s total area accounts for about 2.4% of the total geographical area of the world.
2. Total land boundary: 15,200 kms
3. Total length of the coast including two island groups : 7516.6 kms
4. Frontiers:
INDIA AND THE WORLD
Look at the map given above and find out the location of India.
India’s contact with the world through sea-routes :
You will understand that India is situated at the centre of the world and is the southward extension of the Asian continent. Note that Deccan Peninsula protrudes into the Indian Ocean, thus helping India to establish close contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the Western Coast and with South-East and East Asia from the Eastern Coast. You can also notice that India has the longest coastline on the Indian Ocean and its eminent position in the ocean justifies the naming of an ocean after it.
Locate the Red Sea on the map and find out the shortest sea route from India to Europe.
In the olden days people used to travel from India to Europe via Cape of Good Hope. But, in 1869 the Suez Canal was built, which has reduced the distance between India and Europe by 7000kms.
India’s contact with the world through land routes:
Its contact with the world through land routes is much older than her maritime contacts. The various passes across the mountains in the North has provided passages to the ancient travellers.
Impact of India’s contact with the world:
E.g.: a) The ideas of the Upanishads and the Ramayana, the stories of Panchatantra, the Indian numerals and Decimal system reached different parts of the world.
b) The spices, muslin and other merchandise were taken from India to different countries.
2. Contributed to enrich the sculpture and architecture of India. E.g.; the influence of Greek sculpture and the architectural styles of Dome and Minarets from West Asia are seen in different parts of India.( Golgumbaz and Charminar)
India’s Neighbours:
Look at the map and find out all the states and union territories of India and name the strait that separates India and Srilanka?
Locate all the countries which are sharing their land boundaries with India and find out the location of Maldives in the map.
Overview :
Home Work