Particle therapy masterclass �LASA and INFN-MI group

Therapy planning for Liver cancer, Prostate cancer and Head and Neck cancer

I.I.S. Cristoforo Colombo - Sanremo

I.I.S. Severi Correnti – MI

IIS Carlo Emilio Gadda - MI

IIS Curie-Sraffa – MI

IIS Ettore Majorana – MI

IIS Jean Monnet – MI

LSS Leonardo Da Vinci – MI

LSS Donatelli Pascal - MI

IISS Fermi - Arona (NO)

ISIS A. Ponti - Cassano Magnago (VA)

Istituto Superiore G.L. Lagrange - MI Istituto Tecnico e Liceo E. MATTEI – MI

ITIS G. Feltrinelli – Milano

Liceo Federici - Trescore Balneario (BG)

Liceo Scientifico Sereni - Luino (VA)

TABLE OF CONTENT

Liver cancer – comparison between single and multiple photons beams

Liver cancer – comparison between photons, protons and carbon ions beams

Prostate cancer – comparison between single and multiple photons beams

Prostate cancer – comparison between photons, protons and carbon ions beams

Prostate cancer – dose delivery to OARs as a function of the angle for a single photons beam

Head&Neck cancer – comparison between single and multiple photons and multiple protons beams

Head&Neck cancer – comparison between photons, protons and carbon ions beams

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Liver cancer �Comparison between single and multiple photons beams

Three beams

Five beams

Single beam

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Liver cancer �Comparison between photon, proton therapy and carbon ion therapy

One proton beam

Carbon ions beam

Five photons beams

LIVER: We tried with the paper’s assignment of 5 photon beams of respectively 0-180-225-270-315 deg.�

LIVER: We discovered that with only 1 carbon beam, angled at 0 deg gives us a much better result

LIVER: we discovered that with only one proton angled at 315 deg gives a better results

Prostate cancer �Comparison between single and multiple photons beams

Three beams

Five beams

• We used the angles 0 100 260 because they impacted less the other organs around the prostate

• We used the angles 60 90 180 270 300 and obtained an optimal result.

Single beam

We tried with a beam of photons and different angles. 0 degrees is the best angle but is still not optimised. This is because the maximum dose is taken by the bladder and rectum, not by the tumor.

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Prostate cancer �Comparison between single photons, protons and carbon ion beams

Photon therapy

Proton therapy

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We tried with a beam of protons and different angles to find the best option. We found out that 80 degrees is the best one optimizing the result with less damages to the other organs.

We tried with a beam of photons and different angles. 0 degrees is the best angle but is still not optimised. This is because the maximum dose is taken by the bladder and skin, not by the tumor.

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Carbon ion therapy

We tried 4 angles in order to reduce the radiation damage to the bladder, rectum,and femoral heads.

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Prostate cancer �Dose delivery to the oars as a function of the angle for a single photon beam

Head & Neck Cancer�Comparison between single photons, protons and carbon ion beams

Photon therapy

Carbon ion therapy

Protons therapy

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After testing different configurations, we observed that a setup with five photon beams spaced every 72 degrees resulted in the most effective plan. This symmetric distribution ensured good target coverage and a more homogeneous dose delivery, while maintaining a reasonable sparing of nearby organs

After various attempts we noticed that the right values, using a single proton beam, fluctuated close to 180 degrees.

The best therapy we found with carbon ion, using a single beam, was with an 170 degrees.

Head & Neck Cancer�Comparison between single and multiple photons and multiple protons beams

Single Photon therapy

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Multiple protons therapy

Multiple Photon therapy

we choose five angles, one every 72 degrees. we managed to get good results for all the organs except the larynx�

After many attempts, we chose 180 degrees as the best therapy, even if it damages the lips.

We used 2 protons bands with 65 and 300 degrees angle. We have managed to lower healthy organs from radiation except the larynx.

Conclusions

Comparing single photons and single protons, the latter avoid the tissues after the tumor

Between one photons beam and 5 photons beams we noted that 5 beams reduces the dose at the skin

The advantages of carbon ion beams compared to proton and photon are reduced dose in the entrance of the body

The advantages of photons are the availability of large number of centers in the world

Thank you �for your attention!