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Constructs working group

Co-chairs:

Sara E. Brownell

W. Carson Byrd

Susan J. Cheng

J.W. Hammond

Nita Kedharnath

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What is a construct?

  • Merriam Webster dictionary
    • Construct (noun): something (such as an idea or a theory) that is formed in people's minds
  • SAGE research methods
    • construct is the abstract idea, underlying theme, or subject matter that one wishes to measure
  • Examples of constructs:
    • Equity, inclusion, race, gender, student understanding of diffusion, student anxiety, student participation, student evolution acceptance, etc.

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1. If we want to measure a construct, �we have to define it��2. Words matter, definitions matter, the absence or exclusion of words matter�

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Possible SEISMIC research question:

Do underrepresented minority (URM) students experience an achievement gap in large gateway courses?

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Possible SEISMIC research question:

Do underrepresented minority (URM) students experience an achievement gap in large gateway courses?

Underrepresented minority (URM) is a well established term in education literature.

National Science Foundation uses the term (African Americans/Blacks, Hispanic/Latinx, and Native Americans/Alaskan Natives)

Google scholar search yields ~200K publications

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Possible SEISMIC research question:

Do underrepresented minority (URM) students experience an achievement gap in large gateway courses?

Underrepresented minority (URM) is a non-specific term

Used to describe racial/ethnic minorities, but it doesn’t say this in the term

This may inadvertently undermine the challenges for other groups that are underrepresented in science and thus are also underrepresented minorities (e.g. individuals with disabilities)

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Possible SEISMIC research question:

Do underrepresented minority (URM) students experience an achievement gap in large gateway courses?

Underrepresented minority (URM) has been called a racist term

“Under” implies less than and is student-deficit

It denies groups to be able to name themselves

It blinds us to differences among individuals who are ”URM”

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Possible SEISMIC research question:

Do underrepresented minority (URM) students experience an achievement gap in large gateway courses?

Alternatives to URM:

Use the actual identities represented

AHN (African Americans/Blacks, Hispanic/Latinx, and Native Americans/Alaskan Natives)

PEER (persons excluded because of ethnicity or race)

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Possible SEISMIC research question:

Do underrepresented minority (URM) students experience an achievement gap in large gateway courses?

Compared to whom? White students? White and Asian students?

There has been some critique about the use of the term “achievement gap” because it is student-deficit

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Possible SEISMIC research methods description:

We examined the participation of first generation students compared to continuing generation students. We surveyed students about the extent to which they participated in class and collected demographic information including whether students were first generation.

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Possible SEISMIC research methods description:

We examined the participation of first generation students compared to continuing generation students. We surveyed students about the extent to which they participated in class and collected demographic information including whether students were first generation.

How is first generation defined? First in one’s immediate family? First in one’s family ever? How was the question asked? Is it whether one parent enrolled in college? Completed some college? Attained a Bachelors degree? Is the question asked about mother’s education? Father’s education?

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Cooper KM, Krieg A, Brownell SE. Who perceives they are smarter? Exploring the influence of student characteristics on student academic self-concept in physiology. Advances in physiology education. 2018

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What’s potentially wrong with this?

Males and females describes sex, but the construct measured is gender so it should be men and women

What about non-gender binary individuals?

Cooper KM, Krieg A, Brownell SE. Who perceives they are smarter? Exploring the influence of student characteristics on student academic self-concept in physiology. Advances in physiology education. 2018

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1. If we want to measure a construct, �we have to define it��2. Words matter, definitions matter, the absence or exclusion of words matter�

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Constructs working group: What have we done so far and where are we going?

  • SEISMIC statement on on White Supremacist Violence and Anti-Blackness in the United States
  • Identified a need in SEISMIC to refine our working definitions of equity and inclusion
  • Established 4 projects that we have just started… stay tuned

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Constructs working group projects

  • Project 1: Content Analysis of Constructs in STEM Education Literature
    • The purpose of this project is to systematically survey existing scholarship on “diversity,” “equity,” and “inclusion” (and related constructs) in STEM education scholarship, documenting the heterogeneous ways these terms are defined and used. 
    • Project leads: Sara Brownell, W. Carson Byrd, Susan Cheng, J. W. Hammond

  • Project 2: Stakeholder Perspectives on Equity and Inclusion
    • The purpose of this project is to track continuities and discontinuities between working definitions of “equity” and “inclusion,” and how they may vary by stakeholder. This project will draw on and analyze data from the SEISMIC Summer Meeting Presurvey.
    • Project lead: Stephanie Haley

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Constructs working group projects

  • Project 3: Framework Analysis for Advancing Higher Education Toward Social Justice
    • The purpose of this project is to compare the ways that constructs related to diversity, equity, and inclusion are defined and used in and across disciplines outside of STEM education
    • Project leads: Natasha Turman and Natalia Caporale
  • Project 4: Mapping Institutional Resources/ Characterizing Institutional Practice for Diversity & Equity in STEM
    • This project is focused on developing an inventory that identifies and catalogues the different resources, programs, projects, and offices related to increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion at SEISMIC institutions.
    • Project lead: Nikeetha Farfan D’Souza

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Constructs working group: Our hopeful impact

Beyond our projects, we hope that this working group can help elevate the conversations in SEISMIC as a whole so that we are more thoughtful about our language, our definitions, and who is included or excluded in how we analyze data, interpret data, and explain our results.

If you are interested in what we are working on, please join us!

Contact me (Sara.brownell@asu.edu) if you want to join a project or have an idea for another project that relates to our goals.