�Tenses
Prepared by:
Yatharth N. Vaidya
Lecturer in English
Government Polytechnic, Rajkot
Let’s Begin
Present Continuous Tense:
Usage:
Example: I am having dinner while talking to you.
(b) We also use the tense to talk about an action which has started and is in progress but has not yet ended.
Example:
I am looking for a job at the moment.
(C) We use present continuous to talk about future which is already planned.
Example:
What are you doing on Sunday evening? I am going to watch a movie.
Simple Present Tense:
Usage:
Example: She does not sleep in the afternoon.
(b) The tense is used to express general truth and is used in proverbs.
Example: The sun rises in the east.
( C) The tense is also used to narrate stories.
Example:�Anita goes to a library and meets that young woman.
(d) The tense is also used to introduce quotations.�Example: Gandhiji said’ “Truth is God.”
Present perfect Tense:�
Form:�We form the present perfect tense with have/has+past participle of verb.��Usage:�(a) Present perfect tense always connects the past and the present.�Example: �She has been in the playground since morning.�
(b) The tense is used to talk about an action which started in the past and continues in the present.
Example:�We have bought a new house. (we are still living in the house)
( c) The tense is also used to talk about a past action which has an effect in the present.�Example:�We have cleaned the house. ( The house is now clean.)
(d) The tense is also used for a past action when the time of action is not mentioned.
�Example:�I have visited China.
Present perfect Continuous Tense:�
Form:�Present perfect continuous tense is formed with have/has+been +verb+ing.
Usage:�(a) We use present perfect continuous tense to describe an action which started in the past and continues up to the present. It also emphasizes that the action is going on at present.�Example:�He has been sleeping since 10 pm.
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Past continuous Tense:
Form:�We form the past continuous with was/were+verb+-ing.�Usage:�(a) We use past continuous tense to talk about an action which was in progress at the particular time in the past.�Example:�It was raining heavily yesterday evening.�
(b) Sometimes simple past tense and past continuous tense are used together when some new action happened in the middle of a past action.� Example:�When the telephone rang, I was writing a mail.�
Simple Past Tense:
Form:�We can form Simple Past Tense by using the past form of the verb.�Contracted form: did not= didn’t�Usage:�(a) Simple past tense describes past actions and past events. We often use words describing the past with simple past tense �Example:�I met her last week.
Past Perfect Tense:
Form:�We form the past perfect tense with had+past participle of verb.�Contracted forms: had not= hadn’t�Usage:�(a) We use past perfect tense when we want to refer to an action in the past which preceded another action. Generally simple past is used in one clause and past perfect in another.
Example:
The patient had died before the doctor arrived.
�(b) The tense is also used to show the farthest action in relation to the nearest past.
Example: �When we reached the railway station, the train had already left.�
Simple Future Tense:
Form:�We form the Simple Future tense with will/shall+main verb.
Usage: �(a) Simple future tense is used to show an action which will occur in the future.�Examples:�Ashraf will visit zoo next Sunday.
(Note: For future tense am/is/are+going to construction is also used in place of will/shall.)
ACTIVE ENGLISH,(Almas Juneja And Vaseem Qureshi)
Section -1 GRAMMAR
Unit-1 TENSES
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