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Overview of Nervous System�(Brain and mind)

Dr. Vishram Singh

Professor & Head

Department of Anatomy

Santosh Medical College

Santosh University

Ghaziabad

NCR Delhi

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Overview of Nervous System

Nervous system is the most complex, widely investigated and least understood system of the body

It along with the endocrine system regulates the functions of all other systems of the body

Hence called master system of the body

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Functions of Nervous System

Reception of sensory stimuli
Integration of sensory information
Control of motor activities
Assimilation of experiences, a requisite to memory, learning and intelligence
Programming of basic instinct

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Working of Nervous System

reception

correlation

memory

response

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Structural Organization

Nervous system consists of two principal types of cells:

Neurons

Neuroglia

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Neurons

Information travels along the chain of neurons (nerve fiber)
If the nerve fibers are joined end to end the total length would measure about 75 kms.
Average no of neurons – 100 billion
Each neuron can make connections with 25000 neurons.
The site of connection- Synapse

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Common Terms

Nerve fibre- axon

Nerve- bundle of nerve fibers outside CNS

Tract- bundle of nerve fibers inside CNS

Ganglion- collection of nerve cell bodies outside CNS

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Common Terms

Nucleus- collection of nerve cell bodies inside CNS

Sensory neuron- neuron that transmits impulses from sensory receptor to the CNS

Motor neuron- neuron that transmits impulses from CNS to the effector organ

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Common Terms

Somatic motor nerve- nerve that stimulates contraction of skeletal muscles

Autonomic motor nerve- nerve that stimulates contraction/ inhibition of smooth and cardiac muscles; and that stimulates secretion of glands

Nerve plexus- network of intercalated nerves

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Types of Haemorrhage

Extradural haemorrhage

Subdural haemorrhage

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Intracerebral haemorrhage

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Cerebellum

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Functions of Cerebellum

Maintenance of equilibrium

Regulation of muscle tone

Coordination of somatic motor activities

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Reticular Formation

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Basal Nuclei

Components :

Corpus striatum

Claustrum

Amygoloid body

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Basal Nuclei

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Limbic System

The limbic system plays a vital role in elaboration of emotional behaviour, drive and memory

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Limbic System

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Mind

The mind is the consciousness that originates in the brain.
It is related to higher functions in the brain such as:
Thought
Imagination
Memory
Emotion
Will
Perception
Intelligence
Reasoning

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Divisions of Mind

Conscious mind(12%)
Subconscious mind (88%)

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Conscious mind

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Conscious Mind

Processes all the information
Organizes, assesses and plans
Stores temporary memory
Active only when awake
Will power is implemented through conscious mind

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Conscious Mind

It is :

Logical
Analytical
Rational
Decision making

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Subconscious mind

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Subconscious Mind

Is for learning
Restores permanent memory
Emotions
Feelings
Habits

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Subconscious Mind

Autonomic responses
Instincts
Deepest wishes
Expectations desires
Works day and night

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Mind of man is the software of the most powerful computer in the world- “The Brain”

And you are the programmer!

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The greatest discovery of 21^th century is not in the realm of physical sciences but the power of the subconcious mind.

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WHAT THE MIND OF MAN CAN

BELIEVE AND PERCEIVE

IT CAN ACHIEVE!!

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Thank you