Chemical Nomenclature�Naming Acids

The science of naming chemicals.

Naming and Writing Formulas for:

Binary Aqueous Acids

Oxy Acids

Naming Binary Acids�All acids start with Hydrogen�In order to be acidic, binary acids must be aqueous (aq)�Usually made of hydrogen and a halogen (Family VIIA).

HF

HF (aq)

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HCl

HCl (aq)

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HBr

HBr (aq)

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HI

HI (aq)

Hydrogen Fluoride

Hydrofluoric Acid

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Hydrogen Chloride

Hydrochloric Acid

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Hydrogen Bromide

Hydrobromic Acid

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Hydrogen Iodide

Hydroiodic Acid

Start the name with hydro-

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Base halogen

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End with –ic Acid

Naming Oxyacids�

SO₄^-2

SO₃^-2

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NO₃^-1

NO₂^-1

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ClO₄^-1

ClO₃^-1

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ClO₂^-1

ClO ^-1

H₂SO₄

H₂SO₃

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HNO₃

HNO₂

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HClO₄

HClO₃

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HClO₂

HClO

Contains hydrogen first and an oxyanion.

-ate turns to –ic Acid -ite turns to –ous Acid

Sulfate

Sulfite

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Nitrate

Nitrite

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Perchlorate

Chlorate

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Chlorite

Hypochlorite

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Sulfuric Acid

Sulfurous Acid

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Nitric Acid

Nitrous Acid

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Perchloric Acid

Chloric Acid

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Chlorous Acid

Hypochlorous Acid

Why?

NH₃ Ammonia

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What is the positive ion?

CH₄ Methane

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What is the positive ion?

Writing Acid Formulas

Acids begin with the hydrogen ion

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Change the –ic Acid to the -ate ion

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Change the –ous Acid to the –ite ion

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Write the ion charges and crisscross

Carbonic Acid

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Hydrogen Carbonate Ion

H⁺¹ CO₃^-2

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H CO₃

^{2 1}

H₂CO₃

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Write these formulas

Hydrochloric Acid

Chloric Acid

Chlorous Acid

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Perchloric Acid

Hypochlorous Acid

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Hydrofluoric Acid

Hydrogen fluoride

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Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Fin