THE ORGANIZATION OF LIVING THINGS

BASIC LIFE PROCESSES

All living things carry out the 3 basic life processes:

• Nutrition: All living things take in essential nutrients from their environment
• Interaction: All living things detect information in their environment and react to it.
• Reproduction: Living things can create new members of their own species.

THE CELL

• All living things are made up of cells.
• Cells are the basic units of life.
• Cells carry out the 3 basic life processes: nutrition, interaction and reproduction.
• Some living things are made up of one cell. They are called unicellular. Examples: bacteria and yeast.
• Some living things are made up of more than one cell. They are called multicellular.

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ANIMAL CELL

The nucleus controls everything that happens in the cell

The cytoplasm is a thick, clear liquid protected by the membrane.

The membrane surrounds and protects the cell.

In the cytoplasm, we find different organelles that carry out different life processes.

PLANT CELL

The nucleus controls everything that happens in the cell

Plant cells have a vacuole. It is like a bag that stores the water and the food for the plant.

Plant cells have a rigid wall around the membrane. This helps to support the plant.

Membrane

Plant cells have special organelles, called chloroplasts. They contain a green liquid, called chlorophyll. This liquid carries out the photosynthesis, transforming the nutrients and sunlight into food.

THE ORGANIZATION OF LIVING THINGS

Cells: Multicellular organisms have different types of cells according to their function.

Tissue: It is made up of many cells joined together.

Organs: they are made up of different tissue.

System: it is a group of organs that work together to perform a function.

EXAMPLES OF CELLS

NEURON: they are star shaped cells. They transmit nerve impulses to and from the brain.

RED BLOOD CELLS: they are flat and circular cells that transport from the lungs to the organs and muscles.

WHITE BLOOD CELLS: they are cells that transport us from infections.

OVULE: it is the female reproductive cell. It is spherical.

SPERM: it is the male reproductive cell. It is an oval with a tail.

THE ORGANIZATION OF LIVING THINGS

Cells: they have a rigid wall, so they are rectangular or polygonal

Tissue: It is made up of many cells joined together.

Organs: they are made up of different tissue.

System: it is a group of organs that work together to perform a function.

PLANTS: NUTRITION

PLANTS: REPRODUCTION

Roots: they have hairs to absorb water and minerals from the soil

Stem: it supports the plant and transports the water and minerals.

Leaves: they carry out the photosynthesis to make the food for the plant.

NUTRITION FUNCTION

Digestive System: it takes in all the nutrients that we need and transform them into energy.

Respiratory System: it absorbs the oxygen that we need.

Circulatory System: it transports all the nutrients and oxygen to all the parts of our body.

Excretory System: it helps us to eliminate the waste products.

INTERACTION FUNCTION

Nervous System: it helps us to detect information from the environment.

Locomotor System: it helps us to react to that information.

REPRODUCTION FUNCTION

Female Reproductive System: it helps us to create new members of our species.

Male Reproductive System: it helps us to create new members of our species.