Lectures On:

Website, Domain & Hosting

��Department of �Computer Science and Engineering�www.cse.ugv.edu.bd, 874/322, C&B Road, Barisal, Bangladesh.� 

University of Global Village (UGV)

Barishal, Bangladesh

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Lectures By��Md. Tariqul Islam�Lecturer & Coordinator

�Mobile: +880-1842733104 �Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com�Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

WEBSITE

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is a Website ?

• Website is a collection of related web pages that may contain text, images, audio, and video, etc.
• The first page of a website is called a home page.
• Each website has a specific internet address (URL) that you need to enter in your browser to access a website.
• A website is hosted on one or more servers and can be accessed by visiting its homepage using a computer network.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is a Website ?

• A website is managed by its owner that can be an individual, company, or organization.
• The first website was introduced on 6 August 1991.
• It was developed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN.
• As of January 2018, there were around 1.7 billion websites on the internet.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is the need for a website?

• A popular website is another name of success in modern times as today we are living in a digital world where people are spending most of their spare time on internet browsing news, images, videos, and more.
• A website is the first thing that appears on the screen of your laptop when you search for a product or service, or any other information online.
• So, it is very important to have a website whether you are a businessman, organization, online store, etc. Let us understand how a website can help you grow your business!

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Benefits of having a website are as follows:

• 1. Cost-effective: The marketing of products and services through a website is less costly than print advertising, TV, and radio advertising. It also allows you to make changes related to your products and services such as you can edit products' specifications, features, discount offers, etc.
• 2. Broder demographic reach: A website can help your business reach people with diverse backgrounds throughout the world.
• 3. Business credibility: Having a website that is user-friendly and professional looking for your business makes people consider your business more credible than others who don't have a website to represent their businesses online.
• 4. 24/7 availability: You can keep your products available for sale around the clock through a website. Customers can buy anytime, and thus you can earn more profits than a traditional storefront.
• 5. Consumer convenience: It improves the shopping experience of your customers; they can buy your products from the comfort of their home.
• 6. Build customer rapport: Online presence helps you build and maintain a rapport among your customers. You can also introduce special offers or discounts for your loyal customers.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Benefits of having a website are as follows:

• 7. Improves productivity: It saves your time as you don't need to explain your products or services to each customer separately, as all the information is already available on the website.
• 8. Educate your customers: You can educate people about the benefits of your products and can show them how they are betters than the competitors' products.
• 9. Change location: You can move your business to another location without affecting your sales as customers still can find you through your website.
• 10. Grow manpower: You can post job openings for vacant positions and allow applicants to check job descriptions and apply online.
• 11: Personalized email address: It allows you to set up personalized email addresses for employees, companies, partners, etc. You can receive mails on these mail ids and reply accordingly. Furthermore, you can share offers, happy hours, updates, and can get feedback through email.
• 12. Improve customer service: It allows you to improve customer services such as you can share phone numbers to contact you, and display other relevant information such as order status, delivery status, refund or replacement procedure, etc.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Types of Websites:

• A website can be of two types based on the type of webpages:
• Static Website
• Dynamic Website

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Static website

• A static website, as the name suggests, is a website in which pages do not change or remain the same. It is the basic type of website that is easy to create, maintain, and host.
• You don't need web programming and database design to create a static website. Its webpages are coded in HTML.
• The codes are fixed for each page, so the information contained in the page does not change, and it looks like a printed page. However, changes can be made by changing the codes if required.
• You can think of it as a brochure for a business that has the same information for every user.
• So, all users see the same information irrespective of their location, interests, etc., when they open a particular page of a static website.
• In the case of a static website, the content or webpage is taken directly form the file stored in the server without requiring any interpreter (application software) to interact with a database to fetch data from the database.
• So, database and server-site scripting are not required in static websites.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Benefits of a Static Website:

• It takes less time to create a static website.
• It is less costly to develop this website.
• The webpages are delivered at high speed by the servers.
• Hosting through dedicated servers is available at a low price.
• It is more secure than dynamic sites as it does not rely on CMS plugins and server-side scripting.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Dynamic website

• A dynamic website is a collection of dynamic web pages whose content changes dynamically.
• It accesses content from a database or Content Management System (CMS).
• Therefore, when you alter or update the content of the database, the content of the website is also altered or updated.
• A dynamic website uses client-side scripting or server-side scripting, or both to generate the dynamic content.
• For example, when a browser sends a request to the server, the server contacts the application server with further interacts with the database server to fetch the content, which is customized as per the user's requests and requirements.
• For example, a Facebook page may appear different to different users as per their friends' list, interests, location, etc.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Benefits of a Dynamic Website

• It is very quick and easy to make changes in a dynamic website as it is integrated with high-end programming.
• The webpages are easier to maintain despite of being full of information and graphics.
• E-commerce sites are dynamic as they need to be impressive and have easy navigation from one page to other pages.
• It makes your site look professional.
• The users can get customized information as per their interests, needs, and profile, etc. For example, facebook.com, flipkart.com, etc.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Difference between Static Website and Dynamic Website:

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Types of Websites based on their purpose, target audience, etc.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

• 1. Blog: It is a type of website that provides information or in which posts are added regularly in reverse chronological order, latest post or entries on top of the main page, and old ones towards the bottom. A blog is usually owned by a single person or a small group of people.
• 2. E-commerce: These types of websites are like online shops where people can buy products through online payment from the comfort of their home, office, etc. Anyone who wants to sell products online can create an E-commerce site instead of investing in setting up a traditional brick-and-mortar shop.
• 3. Informational: These websites are created to provide free online information to users, e.g., tutorials, news, general knowledge-based sites. Today, you don't need to visit libraries to read a book, newspaper, novel, etc. owing to the presence of lots of informational sites.
• 4. Online Community: These sites offer a platform to interact and share ideas with others through internet. You can find people with similar interests and backgrounds and interact with them to fulfil your objectives that may include promoting a product or service, taking feedback about your products, or asking questions related to a survey.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

• 5. Social Media: These sites are created to provide users a platform where they can build their personal profiles with a lot of features such as creating a friend list, sending and accepting friend requests, sending messages, creating and joining groups, and share information with others users, comment on others' post, pictures, videos, etc.
• 6. Brochure: It is the simplest type of website which comprises few pages. It is used by small businesses to have a simple online presence or to provide an overview of their business. Such websites are generally static where the content does not change, i.e., the same information is displayed to all users.
• 7. Non-profit: The sites are created to raise money for social causes such as to provide free medical treatment to poor, free basic education to children, free food to children to prevent malnutrition, etc.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Difference between Static Website and Dynamic Website:�

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

DOMAIN

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is Domain/ Domain Name?

• Domain name is the address of your website that people type in the browser URL bar to visit your website.
• In simple terms, if your website was a house, then your domain name will be its address.
• A domain name can be any combination of letters and numbers, and it can be used in combination of the various domain name extensions, such as .com, .net and more.
• The domain name must be registered before you can use it.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is Domain/ Domain Name?

• Every domain name is unique.
• No two websites can have the same domain name.
• If someone types in www.yourdomain.com, it will go to your website and no one else's.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Why need Domain

• The Internet is a giant network of computers connected to each other through a global network of cables.
• Each computer on this network can communicate with other computers.
• To identify them, each computer is assigned an IP address. It is a series of numbers that identify a particular computer on the internet. A typical IP address looks like this: 66.249.66.1
• Now an IP address like this is quite difficult to remember. Imagine if you had to use such numbers to visit your favorite websites. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Domain names were invented to solve this problem.

• Now if you want to visit a website, then you don’t need to enter a long string of numbers.
• Instead, you can visit it by typing an easy to remember domain name in your browser’s address bar. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

For example:

• www.google.com.
• A domain name is unique to your website (just like a fingerprint), and cannot be shared between different websites. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

HOSTING

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is Web Hosting?

• Web hosting is a service that allows organizations and individuals to post a website or web page onto the Internet.
• Web hosting is a necessity for any website — it is the physical location of your website on the Internet, an online storage center that houses the information, images, video, and other content that comprises your website.
• A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations to make their website accessible via the World Wide Web.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is Web Hosting?

• Web hosts are companies that provide space on a server owned or leased for use by clients, as well as providing Internet connectivity, typically in a data center.
• Web hosting is the place where all the files of your website live.
• It is like the home of your website where it actually lives. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Web Hosting

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is Web Hosting?

• In a nutshell, web hosting is the process of renting or buying space to house a website on the World Wide Web.
• Website content such as HTML, CSS, and images has to be housed on a server to be viewable online.
• When a hosting provider allocates space on a web server for a website to store its files, they are hosting a website.
• Web hosting makes the files that comprise a website (code, images, etc.) available for viewing online.
• Every website you’ve ever visited is hosted on a server.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is Web Hosting?

• Hosting is the invisible foundation of the internet.
• Every website needs a ‘home’, a place where its files are accessible anytime, anywhere.
• That’s what hosting does. It’s a plot of internet land.
• If you want a website, it’ll need to be hosted somewhere. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What exactly is a server?

• A server is a computer that connects other web users to your site from anywhere in the world.
• As the name implies, web hosting service providers have the servers, connectivity, and associated services to host websites.
• By offering a variety of hosting plans, they cover the spectrum of hosting needs, from small blogs and large organizations.
• The amount of space allocated on a server to a website depends on the type of hosting.
• The main types of hosting are shared, dedicated, VPS.
• They are differentiated by the kind of technology used for the server, the level of management provided and the additional services on offer. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Types of Hosting

1. Shared Hosting
2. Dedicated Server Hosting
3. Virtual Private Server (VPS) Hosting

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

1. Shared hosting

• Shared hosting is perfect for entry-level website hosting.
• This is where your website will be stored on the same server as multiple other websites.
• With a shared hosting plan, all domains share the same server resources, such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and CPU (Central Processing Unit).
• However, because all resources are shared, the cost of shared hosting plans are relatively low, making them an excellent option for website owners in their beginning stages. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

2. Dedicated server hosting

• Dedicated hosting gives website owners the most control over the server that their website is stored on.
• That’s because the server is exclusively rented by you and your website is the only one stored on it.
• This means that you have full root and admin access, so you can control everything from security to operating system that you run.
• However, all that control comes with a price.
• Dedicated servers costs are one of the most expensive web hosting options. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

3. Virtual private server (VPS) hosting

• A VPS hosting plan is the ultimate middle ground between a shared server and a dedicated server.
• It’s ideal for website owners that need more control, but don’t necessarily need a dedicated server.
• VPS hosting is unique because each website is hosted within its own space on the server, though it still shares a physical server with other users.
• While VPS hosting provides website owners with more customization and storage space, they’re still not able to handle incredibly high traffic levels or spikes in usage meaning that the site performance can still be affected by other sites on the server. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

1. How to get a web hosting?
2. How to register a Domain?
3. Host your website on web server. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How to get a web hosting?

Good hosting makes for a fast site that’s almost always accessible. Good hosting is affordable, low-maintenance, and scalable.

You can host website in two ways:

• Use a hosting platform
• Host locally (only in your PC can access the website) �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How to get a web hosting?

• Now we are talking about the hosting website on internet, follow these four simple steps to host your website with a hosting provider: �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Step 1: Compare hosting companies.

• With that out of the way, the most popular global registrars include:
• Namecheap
• GoDaddy
• Name.com
• Domain.com
• Bluehost.com

Each of these companies has a slightly different user interface, but what you get in the end is the same — a shiny new domain name. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Step 2: Choose a website hosting company.

• Once you’ve had a look at the top hosting companies, you need to pick one! There are a number of features you should consider when choosing a website hosting company.
• Below are some of the key factors to consider:
• Uptime
• Support
• Free domain name
• Value for Money
• Bandwidth
• WordPress integration
• Money-back guarantees �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Step 3: Choose a website hosting plan.

• Once you have a host platform you like the look of, you still need to narrow your decision down to a plan.
• There are numerous types of hosting (shared, dedicated, VPS, and more), and there is usually a selection of plan tiers within each type. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Step 4: Register a domain name.

• It’s all well and good having a plot of internet land, but without an address no one will be able to find it!
• That’s what a domain name is. It’s your digital address. Google’s is www.google.com. You get the idea.
• Your site will need a domain as well.
• Nearly every web hosting provider includes domain name registration in its signup process.
• Sometimes it’s included as a freebie in the plan you’ve chosen (GoDaddy and Bluehost, for example).
• A good domain is simple, easy to remember, and usually numberfree. Don’t feel bound to the .com convention either.
• More and more sites are playing around with atypical top level domains like .xyz or .co. So long as it fits with your brand, you’ll be fine.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

If you already have a domain name it’s simply a case of attaching it to your new server. Many hosting platforms include this in the signup process and handle it for you. �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Introduction to DNS

• DNS, or “Domain Name System,” is one of the most important parts of The Internet today.
• DNS is essentially a server or hierarchical configuration of servers that acts as a “phone book” for a network.
• DNS translates a hostname (name of a computer) to an IP address (“phone number” of a computer).
• If you type https://www.google.com in your browser, your browser doesn’t see it as words like we see it.
• Your browser sees the IP address, just as when you select a contact in your cellphone, your cellphone sees a phone number �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Introduction to DNS

• Every networked device, including webservers, phones, computers, modems, routers has an IP address.
• Since humans aren’t as good with numbers as computers are, we invented DNS to translate these numbers into domain names and hostnames that make much more sense to us. � �

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Introduction to DNS

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is WHOIS?

• WHOIS is a public database that houses the information collected when someone registers a domain name or updates their DNS settings.
• ICANN, the International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, regulates the WHOIS database.
• They’ve done so since 1982, back in the wild and wooly days of the early Internet. They describe the WHOIS service as a “ …free, publicly available directory containing the contact and technical information of registered domain name registrants.”
• The registration data that’s stored in the WHOIS database is actually held in different locations, all managed by different registries and registrars.
• A registry owns and manages domain extensions, like Verisign who owns .com and .net, but they don’t sell them. Instead, their domains are sold and registered through different registrars, like Domain.com. 

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Assignment & Lab Work

• Write a Blog Post
• Create a blog Site
• Post the Blog and Share the link:

https://forms.gle/ESiDYqjCEHX4vAcdA

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

“Thank You”

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd