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States of Matter
Science | States of Matter | The Water Cycle | Lesson 6
Success Criteria
Aim
You will spot questions in a green box at certain points in this Lesson Presentation.
Key Questions
The assessment questions that appear will enable you to check your understanding against the lesson aim and success criteria.
What everyday examples of evaporation can you think of?
Click below to watch the animation.
Remember It
Examples include puddles disappearing outside, paint drying and steam from a hot bath or drink.
Key Vocabulary
material
properties
evaporate
evaporate
evaporate
When a material evaporates, it changes from a liquid into a gas. This is a slower process than boiling. It only occurs on the top of the liquid and does not produce bubbles.
condense
condense
condense
When a material condenses, it changes from a gas into a liquid.
water vapour
water vapour
water vapour
Water vapour is �water in its gaseous state.
melt
melt
melt
When a material �melts, it changes from a solid into a liquid.
freeze
freeze
freeze
When a material �freezes, it changes from a liquid into a solid.
temperature
temperature
temperature
Temperature is a measurement of how hot or cold something or somewhere is.
solid
solid
solid
Solids are materials that keep their shape unless a force is applied to them. They can be hard, soft or even squashy. Solids take up the same amount of space no matter what has happened to them.
liquid
liquid
liquid
Liquids take the shape of their container. They can change shape but do not change the amount of space they take up. They can flow or be poured.
gas
gas
gas
Gases can spread out to completely fill the container or room they are in. They do not have any fixed shape but they do have a mass.
states of matter
states of matter
states of matter
Materials can exist in any �of three states: solids, liquids or gases. Some materials can change from one state to another and back again.
particle
particle
particle
A particle is a small piece �of matter that cannot be �seen with the naked eye.
precipitation
precipitation
precipitation
Precipitation is water that falls back to land from the atmosphere as rain, sleet, snow or hail.
Tier 1
everyday words
Tier 2
words that are important in different science topics
Tier 3
words that are specific to this science topic
material, temperature
solid, liquid, gas, states of matter, properties, melt, freeze, evaporate, condense, water vapour
particle, precipitation
Key Vocabulary
Changes of State
We have explored four processes of changing state and how temperature influences these changes.
melting
freezing
evaporating
condensing
heating
cooling
Changes of State
When a solid is heated, it can melt to form a liquid.
When a liquid is cooled, it can freeze to form a solid.
When a gas is cooled, it can condense to form a liquid.
When a liquid is heated, it can evaporate to form a gas.
The Water Cycle
The water cycle is the movement of water within the Earth’s atmosphere and the way that it is stored in its various states of matter.
It is an essential process, as without it living things would not have access to clean water.
Do you understand what is meant by 'the water cycle'?
The Water Cycle
When the surface of the water is heated, the water will begin to change from a liquid to a gas through evaporation.
Evaporation
The water vapour will rise.
The Water Cycle
The Water Cycle
As the water vapour rises, the conditions become much cooler. The water vapour begins to change back into a liquid, forming clouds.
Condensation
The Water Cycle
Once the water vapour has condensed back into liquid water, it will fall back to the ground through precipitation.
Precipitation
Precipitation can be in the form of rain, snow, hail or sleet.
The Water Cycle
Once the water has reached the ground through precipitation, it collects in rivers, streams or underground and is transported back to larger bodies of water, such as rivers, lakes, seas or oceans.
Accumulation
This process is called accumulation or collection.
Paperless
Water Cycle Diagram
Can you draw a labelled diagram of the water cycle to show the changes of state and the processes involved?
Level Up: Consider where in the water cycle melting and freezing may occur.
Use the Water Cycle Diagram Activity Sheet to complete a labelled diagram of the water cycle.
Complete the labelled diagram of the water cycle by adding labels, arrows and any missing elements.
Look at the diagram and consider where in the water cycle melting and freezing may occur.
Level Up
As well as rain, precipitation can occur as snow and hail, where water is frozen and in solid form. This may then settle on the ground as snow or ice, eventually melting back into liquid water.
Follow the Water Cycle in a Bag Instructions to create a water cycle that you can observe over the coming hours.
Water Cycle in a Bag
Paperless
Use the permanent
marker to draw features
of the water cycle, such
as the Sun, clouds and
water accumulation, onto
the clear, resealable bag.
Then, label the key processes that
occur during the water cycle with
arrows: evaporation, condensation,
precipitation and accumulation �or collection.
Carefully pour water with blue food colouring into the clear, resealable bag until it is approximately ¼ full and then seal the bag.
Using sticky tape, stick �the bag to a window that gets direct sunlight.
After approximately one hour, observe the effects of the water cycle.
2
3
4
5
1
Which processes from the water cycle did you observe occurring in the bag?
Were there any that you did not observe? Why might this be?
Water Cycle in a Bag
Can you identify changes in the state of water within the water cycle?
Match the description to the correct process of the water cycle.
Name the Process
Water vapour has condensed into liquid water that falls back to the ground.
When heated, the water will begin to change from a liquid to a gas.
Liquid water runs through rivers and underground until it reaches larger bodies of water.
As the water vapour rises, the cooler conditions cause the water vapour to change back to liquid water, forming clouds.
evaporation
accumulation
condensation
precipitation
STEM/Green Careers
Hydrologists study rainfall and the movements of water. They link this work with environmental changes in order to make decisions about sustainable and effective ways to manage water use by humans.
Hydrologist
Success Criteria
Aim