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ANTI-HISTAMINES

  • The term antihistamine has referred to drugs that block the actions of histamine at H1-receptors rather than other histamine receptor subtypes.
  • H1-receptor antagonist are widely used in the soothing treatment in allergic conditions like hay fever, urticaria, some forms of pruritus, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, nasal discharge, mild asthma etc.
  • A few antihistaminic possess potent antiemetic action and hence are frequently employed in the prevention and treatment of sickness, motion sickness (air, sea, road), nausea in pregnancy and post- operative vomiting.

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Classification (H1 receptor antagonist)

  1. Amino alkyl ethers:

 

Diphenhydramine, Bromo diphenhydramine; Dimenhydrinate; Doxylamine Succinate; Diphenylpyraline.

2. Ethylene diamines :

Mepyramine; Tripelennamine, Thonzylamine ; Zolamine.

3. Thiophene Derivatives

Methapyrilene; Methaphenilene, Thenyldiamine; Chlorothen Citrate.

4. Cyclic Basic Chain Analogues

  1. Imidazoline:

Antazoline

ii. Piperazine:

Cyclizine, Chlorcyclizine, Meclizine, Cetrizine, Oxatomide and Buclizine.

iii. Piperidine:

Thenalidine Tartrate

5. Phenothiazine:

Promethazine; Promethazine Teoclate; Trimeprazine; Methdilazine.

6. 2nd-generation Non Sedating Antihistamines:

Terfenadine ; Astemizole; Loratadine; Desloratidine, Acrivastine, Rupatadine, Mizolastine, Bilastine, Ebastine and Carebastine.

7. Alkane and Alkene:

Phenindamine; Triprolidine; Chlorpheniramine; Cyproheptadine.

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Some Newer drug

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Amino Alkyl Ether derivative

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Ethylene diamine derivative

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Piperazine Derivative

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Try-cyclic Anti-histaminic drug

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2nd Generation Non Sedative Anti-histaminic drug

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2nd Generation Non Sedative Anti-histaminic drug

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Alkane and Alkene antihistamines