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Europe

Socio-economic integration of migrants

United Nations

Italy

SDG - Agenda 2030

Goal 4 (istruzione di qualità)

Goal 8 (lavoro e crescita economica)

Goal 11 (città e comunità sostenibili)

Global Compact for Migration

Obiettivo 6 (condizioni di lavoro decente)

Obiettivo 16 (inclusione e coesione sociale)

Obiettivo 18 (riconoscimenti di abilità/qualifiche)

Eu Action Plan: priorities:

Employment

Work with employers and social and economic partners to promote labour market inclusion

Promote migrants’ entrepreneurship

Facilitate assessment and validation of skills

Plus NEW:

Enhance the use of new technologies and digital tools for integration and inclusion

Piano Nazionale: L’obiettivo, partendo dal rafforzamento delle molte iniziative esistenti, è quello di:

§ Creare un’offerta formativa in grado di rispondere all’assolvimento dell’obbligo scolastico e formativo per accedere alle politiche attive del lavoro sin dalla minore età.

§ Promuovere strumenti quali il tirocinio di formazione e orientamento e l’apprendistato, con una particolare attenzione alle categorie vulnerabili e alle donne.

§ Favorire la diffusione di esperienze pilota (quali Inside, Percorsi e Protocolli con Confindustria e UnionCamere)

§ Standardizzare procedure per il riconoscimento delle competenze pregresse, al fine di orientare i percorsi di riqualificazione professionale

§ Incentivare la partecipazione al Servizio Civile Nazionale

§ Promuovere la progettazione di interventi volti ad allargare ai beneficiari di protezione internazionale la possibilità di usufruire delle agevolazioni fiscali previste nella legislazione sulle cooperative sociali (L. 381/1991), per almeno i primi due anni dopo il loro riconoscimento.

§ Promuovere la capacità d’impresa, soprattutto in settori innovativi, anche tramite la promozione di strumenti quali il micro-credito, i servizi di supporto allo start-up d’impresa, favorendo l’accesso al credito da parte dei beneficiari di protezione internazionale.

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Beyond its strictly material aspect, upholding the right to housing

is considered crucial for human dignity and personal development, as well as a precondition for the enjoyment of other rights.

Inclusive Housing

Access to adequate and affordable housing is a key determinant of successful integration.

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Provide holistic housing support

Establish multi-level partnership

Engage with TCNs for their direct participation

Contribute to urban regeneration

Address special needs

Systematically collect housing data

Take an integrated approach

Promoting more inclusive housing policies

During our research, which included solutions for both TCNs in general and specifically targeting refugees, the main challenges identified relate to reluctance, discrimination or antimigrant sentiment, restrictive requirements to access public housing, lack of information or knowledge about legal entitlements and administrative procedures, and language barriers. Measures that tackle these barriers are multiple and include measures that provide financial and material support in the search for accommodation; invest in collaborative housing solutions, and promote the development of personal trust-based networks to contrast reluctance from landlords. Other good practices show how it is possible to work for greater housing inclusion while also contributing to urban regeneration and, more broadly, the welfare of the whole community. Last but not least, a number of actions in this field cater for special housing needs, including those of unaccompanied migrant children and TCNs facing health problems. All of them lead to some policy indications which are crucial to uphold the right to housing of TCNs:

Provide holistic housing support: in order to be effective and long-lasting, actions in the field of housing inclusion should include material support and financial measures, such as . temporary or longer-term accommodation and guarantee funds. They should also pursue broader social inclusion goals, supporting involvement in local networks, and access to the job market, education, healthcare, and other services.
Establish multilevel partnerships: examples from Includ-EU countries show that it is key to promote the collaboration of national, regional, and local authorities and stakeholders in order to develop innovative housing projects.
Engage with TCNs: For the success of actions, it is also crucial to engage TCNs and local communities in project design and implementation. This can be achieved in a various ways depending on the project type and existing conditions. A whole-of-community approach shall be promoted so as to have greater inclusiveness and awareness. Participation improves living conditions and community relations. It reduces costs and the risk of housing exploitation. It also promotes the development of trust-based networks which is the key to long-term housing autonomy.
Adopt far-reaching housing inclusion measures that benefit larger segments of the population, including urban regeneration initiatives: TCNs’ housing inclusion can and should benefit the whole community involved. This can be achieved, for example, by starting from the local community’s needs when planning housing inclusion projects, or by opening the latter up to other residents who face similar housing issues.
Design targeted interventions: housing inclusion practices and policies should both be inclusive and address the needs of specific groups of TCNs, including unaccompanied migrant children, persons suffering from serious illness, seasonal workers, and victims of gender-based violence . More broadly, it is important to bear in mind that, while an increasing share of the EU population face housing difficulties, TCNs do face specific and, in some respects, greater challenges compared to other groups of residents, for example due to language barriers and discrimination. For this reason, it is paramount to ensure that housing inclusion measures remain targeted and specific, while also benefitting larger segment of the population.
Systematically collect housing data to design more effective, evidence-based policies: it is also crucial to undertake systematic data collection on evolving housing market dynamics, TCNs’ access to housing, and local housing needs. Data availability on TCNs’ access to housing would improve policy design and ensure that actions in this field address real needs and challenges.
Take an integrated approach to housing and social inclusion: housing and social policies are deeply interconnected. Remoteness in rural areas call for an integrated approach to ensure access to other services, including health and education. Housing inclusion in urban contexts require accompanying measures to allow access to services and counter the risks of segregation and exclusion.

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Housing inclusion is even more critical to integration as we go through a so-called housing emergency: recent data on access to housing in the EU suggests that securing adequate accommodation has become increasingly difficult in the last decade, with house prices and rents going up, and impacting more Third Country Nationals who have a higher risk of social exclusion and deprivation compared to the rest of the population.

World crises exacerbate already-existing social inequalities affecting TCNs and make access to adequate housing more difficult for them.

Includ-EU Project – Housing policy brief

First Includ-EU’s briefing: Housing – Includ-EU

includeu@iom.int

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facebook.com/IncludEU.eu

Subscribe to our newsletter – Includ-EU

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(21 March 2022)

6.48 million internally displaced persons in Ukraine

186,470 TCNs arrived in Poland, Slovakia and Rep. of Moldova

3.862 million conflict-affected people have crossed into neighboring countries:

Poland 293,833
Romania 595,868
Rep. of Moldova 383,627
Hungary 354,041
Slovakia 272,012
Russian Federation 271,254
Belarus 9,075

Source: Government, UNHCR 25/03/2022.

Ukraine overview

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Ukraine: nationwide population assessment (9-16 March), distribution of NFI to displaced persons (hygiene kits, blankets), cash-based programme (23 March).

Poland (89,197 TCNs) immediate protection & humanitarian assistance to conflict-affected people, referral and temporary safe spaces for UASC, counter-trafficking awareness raising, IOM Poland’s Infoline, relocation, return assistance, legal advice (TCNs), distribution of NFIs.

Rep. of Moldova: (33,931 TCNs) Protection (prevention of trafficking in persons, PSEA, GBV, information provision), mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) at BCPs / temporary accommodation centres.

Slovakia: (17,313 TCNs) warehouse in Kosice currently operating as logistics hub for deliveries to Ukraine.

Romania: (30,494 TCNs) transportation Romania-Moldova BCPs humanitarian corridor, service provision to conflict-affected people.

Hungary: (15,292 TCNs) information provision.

Belarus: (243 TCNs) food items, hygiene kits, information provision.

Private sector: Renewed partnership between IOM and Airbnb.org to connect people fleeing from Ukraine to free, short-term housing in Poland, Moldova, Romania, Hungary and Slovakia.

as of 21 March 2022

IOM response

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The need of structural reforms on Housing

How to address integration in humanitarian crises

More permanent housing solutions may quickly be required and need to be factored into Member States’ broader housing policies, taking account of the needs of both the new arrivals and of host communities where housing is already under pressure.

While an increasing share of the EU population face housing difficulties, TCNs as well as International Protection Holders do face specific and, in some respects, greater challenges compared to other groups of residents (f.i. language barriers and discrimination).

For this reason, it is paramount to make sure that housing inclusion measures remain targeted and specific, take an integrated approach to housing and social inclusion, while also benefitting larger segment of the population.

Third Country Nationals and International Protection Holders

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