Glossary:
A single element or compound that is not mixed with any other substance.
The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid.
The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from liquid to gas.
Atom
The smallest part of an element that can exist.
A substance made of one type of atom only.
Consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together.
Contains two or more types of atom joined together.
A mixture that has been designed as a useful product.
e.g. medicine, paint.
A technique that can be used to separate mixtures and identify substances.
The liquid in which the solute dissolves to form a solution.
compound.
Able to dissolve in solvent.
Phase in chromatography that moves, usually a solvent or mixture of solvents.
Phase in chromatography that does not move, for instance, the paper in chromatography.
A measurement from chromatography:
The ratio of the distance moved by a compound to the distance moved by solvent.
Chromatography
C8: Chemical Analysis
Chromatography can be used to separate mixtures and help identify substances.
It involves a mobile phase (e.g. water or ethanol) and a stationary phase (e.g. chromatography paper).
The Rf value is calculated using:
Rf values vary from 0 to 1
Rf = distance moved by substance
distance moved by solvent
Gas Tests
Testing for Oxygen
Testing for Hydrogen
Testing for Carbon Dioxide
Testing for Chlorine