Heat & Temperature
Grade 7
Ms. Gaetz
States of Matter
The forms in which matter can exist. These include solid, liquid and gas.
Changes of State
A change from one state of matter to another
Melting point
The point at which a solid changes state to a liquid.
Boiling Point
The point at which a liquid changes state to a gas.
Condensation
The process of changing state from a gas to a liquid.
Freezing Point
The point at which a liquid changes state to a solid.
Sublimation
A change of state from a solid directly to a gas.
Evaporation
The process of changing state from a liquid to a gas.
Expand
Increase the volume of a substance.
Contract
Decrease the volume of a substance.
Computer Sensor
A probe that uses a thermistor at its tip that is connected to a computer.
Liquid Crystals
Substances that indicate the temperature of an object by changing colour.
Thermocouple Thermometer
A device that measures temperature by having wires connected to a voltmeter.
Kinetic Energy
Energy of Movement
Temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particle in a substance.
Heat Energy
The energy that is transferred from matter at a higher temperature to matter at lower temperature.
Mass
The amount of matter in an object. Measured in kilograms (kg) and grams (g)
Heat Capacity
The ability of a substance to hold heat.
Conductor
A substance that lets heat energy(and electrical energy) move through it easily.
Conduction
The transfer of heat energy between substances that are in contact.
Insulator
A substance that does NOT allow heat energy ( or electrical energy) to move through it easily.
Insulation
Any substance that limits the transfer of heat energy.
Convection
The transfer of heat energy that happens when heated gas or liquid particles move from one location to another.
Convection Currents
The circular pattern of heat energy when it is transferred by convection, especially to gases and liquids.
Radiation
The transfer of heat energy ( and other kinds of energy) in the form of radiant energy waves.
Thermostat
A device that controls temperature by switching a heating system on or off.
R-Value
A value assigned to an insulator; a measurement of an insulator’s ability to stop or restrict heat energy transfer
Cogeneration
The technology of generating two or more forms of energy from the same energy converter
Thermal Pollution
Wasted heat energy that raises water temperatures, affecting fish and other members of aquatic ecosystems.