Session 1
Unit 1 - Promoting Health and Wellbeing
2 hours
50% of AS qualification
Thursday 16th of May
Aim of this session:
Definitions of health
The 3 Health models
Definitions of well-being
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
There are 3 definitions of health
Health = P,N,H
Meaning and examples?
Positive = Achieving and maintaining physical fitness and mental stability
Negative = absence of physical illness, disease and mental distress
Holistic = a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being rather than the mere absence of disease or infirmity
Positive = eg exercise, healthy eating happiness, body weight.
Negative = eg, When an individual believes that their health is in good condition because there is nothing wrong with them; 'I'm healthy' because I have no illness or disability'.
Holistic = eg, When all a person's needs are met. All aspects of people's needs, including their psychological, physical, social and emotional needs, should be considered as a whole.
Positive definition : achieving and maintaining physical fitness and mental stability. Mr Williams could be more proactive in looking after his health and well-being in the present and the future.
The positive definition means that Mr Williams makes the effort to improve his health and well-being by adopting a healthy lifestyle eg with his diet and exercise.
The positive definition means that Mr Williams uses screening and vaccination programs available to him and tries to improve his health and well-being, taking advice about health issues eg stopping smoking.
The holistic definition means that Mr Williams takes care of his mental health so, for example, he maintains regular social contacts and is aware of support groups for depression and anxiety, should they be needed.
Holistic definition : a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being rather than merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Mr Williams could consider all of PIES health and well-being factors (physical, intellectual, emotional and social) and the spiritual elements of life.
The holistic definition considers the whole individual and how they interact with the environment - an approach to life that considers mental as well as physical health and well-being.
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
S,S,E,E,P,P,F,C
Social and economic well-being
There are 3 definitions of well-being
Well-being = PAC
A code for a person's well-being
Contribute to my social life
I don't live in poverty
I get help to work
Live independently
Support through the medium of Welsh
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
There are 3 definitions of well-being
Well-being = PAC
A code for a person's well-being
A home that helps me ensure my well-being
Suitability of Living/Residential Accommodation
S,S,E,E,P,P,F,C
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
There are 3 definitions of well-being
Well-being = PAC
A code for a person's well-being
Learning and development
Education, Training and leisure activities
S,S,E,E,P,P,F,C
Do the things that are important to me
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
There are 3 definitions of well-being
Well-being = PAC
A code for a person's well-being
My voice is heard
Ensuring rights and entitlements
I contribute to the decisions that affect my life.
My individual circumstances are taken into account
S,S,E,E,P,P,F,C
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
There are 3 definitions of well-being
Well-being = PAC
A code for a person's well-being
Able to voice my concerns
Can protect the people I care about
Protection from abuse and neglect
S,S,E,E,P,P,F,C
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
There are 3 definitions of well-being
Well-being = PAC
A code for a person's well-being
I am healthy
Physical, mental and emotional health
I am active
I do things to keep myself healthy
I'm happy
I get the right care and support
S,S,E,E,P,P,F,C
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
There are 3 definitions of well-being
Well-being = PAC
A code for a person's well-being
I belong
Family and personal domestic relationships
I contribute to safe and healthy relationships
S,S,E,E,P,P,F,C
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
There are 3 definitions of well-being
Well-being = PAC
A code for a person's well-being
I engage with and contribute to my community
Contribution made to society
I am valued in society
S,S,E,E,P,P,F,C
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
Well-being = PAC
Management of everyday life - Making good lifestyle choices, dealing with stress, balancing work and leisure time, taking medication as needed, part of healthy relationships.
Taking part in work - Giving purpose, value and responsibility to the individual. contribute positively to the economy, not suffer from poverty, keep the brain active,
Definitions and concepts of health and well-being
Definitions of well-being:
Well-being = PAC
Physical, intellectual, emotional, social and behavioral development (CDECY).
Social and economic well-being Opportunity to play, meet friends, interact
Education, Training and leisure activities Training and leisure activities - School, college, activities.
Protect from abuse and neglect - Receives love, meets needs.
Suitability of Living/Residential Accommodation the security of residential accommodation - and shelter, warm, safe.
Physical, mental and emotional health improve physically, mentally and emotionally - Access to services, free from illness.
Ensuring rights and entitlements rights and entitlements - and voice, being empowered, people listening.
Family and personal domestic relationships Supportive, loving, secure.
Contribution made to society -respecting the local area, participating in activities.
Physical development - Healthy growth and development, free from disease and illness
Intellectual development - School, resources, reading, problem solving, memory, language.
Emotional development - Happy, content, control over emotions, empathy for others.
Social development - Friends, interaction, opportunities, interests, belonging.
Behavioral development - Managing behaviour, effective role models, responding to situations
Models of health, disability and well-being
Models of health, disability and well-being
Biomedical = The biomedical model is a traditional approach to promoting health and well-being. The emphasis is all on the biological and physical factors that affect health and disease, without considering other factors.
It is a model of medical care practiced by doctors and health professionals and is related to the diagnosis, cure and treatment of disease.
The model has been evolving for many years, leading to improvements in medical science, technology and an increase in cures and treatments eg vaccinations.
The emphasis is on diagnosing and treating individuals regardless of their conditions or lifestyle. This model receives the most money from the government.
Models of health, disability and well-being
BioseIcosocial = The biopsychosocial model of health incorporates methods of interaction between biological, psychological and social factors to help determine why an individual may have a disorder .
Bio - Biological influences on health include an individual's genetic makeup and it takes into account if they have a history of physical trauma or infection.
Psycho - includes emotions and behaviors eg psychological stress, fear/avoidance beliefs (eg not wanting to go to the doctor because they are afraid of bad news), individual coping methods. This component of the model focuses on the mental illness itself but also the effect of ill health or illness on the mind.
Social - socio-economic, socio-environmental and cultural such as work issues, family circumstances and money .
Models of health, disability and well-being
Social= The social model of health considers a wider range of factors that influence health and well-being, for example, environmental, economic, social and cultural
The social model states that different individuals do not have the same opportunities in society at the beginning and at the end of their lives. Because of this, some will face more obstacles in life than others.
means that poor health and well-being outcomes are much more likely, including shorter life expectancy.
The social model places responsibility entirely on the shoulders of society . Society, as a result of social barriers that make it difficult for disabled people to achieve their full potential.
Models of health, disability and well-being
The social model places a strong emphasis on the need to intervene early .
It reduces social differences by trying to offer everyone the same opportunities. In order to do this it is necessary to take into account their gender, ethnicity, economic condition, wherever they live and the environmental factors that can affect them. this, some will face more obstacles in life than others.
It empowers individuals and societies through education, giving them the opportunity to gain skills and have the confidence to make wise decisions about their health and that they participate in healthy behaviour.
Biomedical model – emphasizes treating individuals separately from their lifestyle/living conditions, focusing on the disease, illness or disability and helping to restore the individual to their pre-disease state. The reasons for the disease are not the basis of the biomedical model.
The biomedical model does not promote a healthy lifestyle eg if an individual lives an unhealthy life without any adverse effect, it should continue, while the social model proactively encourages individuals to live a healthy life.
It assumes that illness or disease exists and there is an emphasis on clinical diagnosis and medical intervention in the treatment of disease or its symptoms.
The social model tackles wider health issues, by using a 'community approach' to prevent disease. The social model goes beyond lifestyle and behavior and encourages the need for social change.
The social model is based on the idea that social, environmental and economic factors must be changed in order to make improvements. The biomedical model assumes that health professionals will be able to treat illness/disease and the individual will take a passive role.
There are barriers in society, not health, impairment or what makes them different that excludes individuals, barriers can be physical or attitudinal. Barriers can make life more difficult for individuals.