Discovering the Minds Behind Science

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Presented by 8th Grade

Gallileo Gallilei

• Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist, philosopher, and mathematician living in the 17th century. He made many important discoveries about the universe, including the fact that the earth revolves around the Sun, and not the other way around.
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• In addition, he was the first to observe the four Galilean moons of Jupiter, which led him to conclude that they were orbiting Jupiter, not the Earth. He also played a key role in the development of the telescope and used it to make numerous discoveries about the heavens.
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• Galileo's work had an important impact on science, and his observations of the sky helped to establish the scientific revolution in Europe. He was considered one of the most important scientists of his time and is recognized as one of the greatest scientists of all time.
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Telescope

Dmitri Mendeleev

Albert Einstein

Hello! I'm Einstein, a physicist fascinated by the mysteries of space, time, and fundamental forces.

In physics, mass–energy equivalence is the relationship between mass and energy in a system's rest frame, where the two quantities differ only by a multiplicative constant and the units of measurement.

The principle is described by me formula:

𝐸=𝑚𝑐2

In a reference frame where the system is moving, its relativistic energy and relativistic mass (instead of rest mass) obey the same formula.

The formula defines the energy E of a particle in its rest frame as the product of mass with the speed of light squared. Because the speed of light is a large number in everyday units , the formula implies that a small amount of "rest mass", measured when the system is at rest, corresponds to an enormous amount of energy, which is independent of the composition of the matter.

I never considered myself as a genius. I saw myself as a curious kid trying to understand the world around me, in the simplest possible way

What do I think of “genius Einstein”

I know that you are grateful to know me better

Marie Curie

ROSALIND FRANKLIN

Hedy lamarr

Emil Kiesler

Albert Bandura

Hi, I'm Albert Bandura. I was born on December 4, 1925, in Mundare, Alberta, Canada. My fascination with human behavior led me to study psychology. I earned my undergraduate degree from the University of British Columbia in 1949, marking the beginning of my journey into the complexities of human behavior

Continuing my academic pursuit, I moved to the United States and earned my Ph.D. from the University of Iowa in 1952. During my time at Iowa, I developed a deep interest in social learning theory, which became a cornerstone of my research and work.

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Over the decades, I have studied how people learn by observing others, pioneering social cognitive theory and self-efficacy. My experiments, like the famous Bobo doll experiment, demonstrated the power of observational learning. Reflecting on my career, I'm grateful for the impact I've had on psychology and our understanding of human behavior.

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J.Robbert Oppenheimer�1904-1967

SABA BUSKIVADZE

Origins and early life�

I was born into a Jewish family in New York City in 1904, and I was fascinated by minerals, physics, and chemistry as a child. When I was 12, I was invited to lecture at New York’s Mineralogical Club, which had assumed the author of the high-level letters it received must be an adult. I graduated at the top of my high school class and enrolled at Harvard in 1922. There, I studied Latin, Greek, Eastern philosophy, poetry, and the sciences, majoring in chemistry in 1925. But theoretical physics was my real passion, and I went to Cambridge University to study the subject as a postgraduate At that time, Europe’s leading physicists were developing quantum theory, and I was invited to the University of Göttingen in Germany to work with the eminent physicist Max Born

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—J. Robert Oppenheimer, 1966

“Science is not everything, but science is very beautiful.”

Nuclear dawn

My research ranged from energy processes in subatomic particles—including cosmic rays, electrons, and positrons—to black holes and neutron stars. Yet it was the 1939 discovery of nuclear fission by Lise Meitner and Otto Hahn that would definitively shape my career.

When the US entered World War II in 1941, I took up atomic weapons research, which I judged to be "a good, honest, practical way" to use science. By July 1942, I had emerged as the natural leader of a group of scientists convened by the Manhattan Project, the Allied nuclear-weapons program.

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I led a team of 3,000 atomic bomb scientists.

Nominated for 3 nobel prizes but never won�

Atomic pioneer

Project Y, the secret facility in New Mexico tasked with making the atomic bomb. His leadership and grasp of scientific, military, and engineering detail were integral to the project’s success. Two types of weapons were perfected: one using the “gun-type” uranium method and the other the “implosiontype” plutonium method of triggering a nuclear chain reaction. The former was used in the bomb that obliterated Hiroshima, Japan, on August 6, 1945, and the latter was used in the Trinity test of July 16 and the bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, on August 9, which precipitated Japan’s surrender

226000

Death count of Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings

60%

40%

Atomic bomb test result

Plutonium bomb

Uranium bomb

—J.Robert Oppenheimer 1947

“The physicists have known sin … a knowledge which they cannot lose.”

The Trinity test

The Trinity test site in New Mexico was the scene of the world’s first nuclear explosion. likened the terrible force of the blast to words from the Sanskrit scripture the Bhagavad Gita: “I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds.”

Trinity test location

210 miles south of los alamos,new Mexico, on the plains of there alamagordo bombing range,known as the jordana de

New mexico

Thank you for your attention

Thanks for listening about my life