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CLIMATE UNIT

REVIEW

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What is the difference between weather and climate?

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Weather is what is happening NOW.

Climate is average weather (temp & precip) over very long time

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Describe the greenhouse effect?

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When certain gases in Earth’s atmosphere prevent infrared rays from escaping …. Thus, warming our atmosphere and providing

a stable day/night temperature range.

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How is the greenhouse effect related to

global warming?

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When too many greenhouse gases are added to the atmosphere, even more heat (infrared rays) are trapped here. As a result, the planet heats up …. Global warming.

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Name several factors affecting climate

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  1. Latitude
  2. Elevation
  3. Topographic features
  4. Large bodies of water
  5. Atmospheric circulation
  6. Vegetation

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Name the system

used to classify

global climates

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Köppen climate classification system

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According to the Koppen Classification System, Cary NC has what type of climate?

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Humid sub-tropical

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List some natural causes of

climate change

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Volcanic eruptions

Ocean circulation

Solar activity

Earth’s motions

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What are some of the human causes of climate change?

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  1. Increased CO2 from burning fossil fuels
  2. Destruction of vegetation/forests

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What is this?

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Climatograph

(or climograph)

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Describe this climograph and name the biome.

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Describe this climograph and name the biome.

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What two types of information are given on a climatograph?

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Temperature

Precipitation

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What is it called when one area has a different climate than the rest of the surrounding area?

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MICROCLIMATE

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One example of a microclimate is that of a city (urban area) compared to the surrounding countryside (rural area).

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What is the special name given to this phenomenon?

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Urban Heat Island

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DESCRIBE the characteristics of an Urban Heat Island.

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And provide a reason for each characteristic.

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Urban areas are:

  1. HOTTER - due to the increased amount of pavement & buildings (lack of vegetation)

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  • WETTER - due to the increased amount of condensation nuclei (smoke/ash) in the atmosphere due to emissions from cars and industry

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What is the Rain Shadow Effect?

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AND … explain how it works.

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  • an area of land “behind” a mountain that gets very little precipitation and becomes desert-like. The mountains block the rainfall and create a “shadow” AND the land in front of the mountains gets plenty of rainfall
  • ​

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NAME THAT BIOME:

broadleaf evergreen forests with a warm annual mean temperature, high humidity, and heavy rainfall almost daily

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Tropical Rain Forest

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NAME THAT BIOME:

an area where evaporation EXCEEDS precipitation and precipitation levels do not exceed 25 cm per year.

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Desert

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region with enough average precipitation to allow grass to prosper, but with precipitation so erratic that drought and fire prevent large stands of trees from growing.

NAME THAT BIOME:

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Grassland

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NAME THAT BIOME:

where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The vegetation is mostly small plants and lichens.

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Tundra

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THE END