Chapter 11
Competition Day
"Bring it!"
ROUND ONE:
1. “Jihad” is Arabic for _________.
2. In addition to the Five Pillars, Muslims must obey ______ _______, which forbids them to gamble, eat pork, drink alcoholic beverages, or engage in dishonest behavior.
3. Explain the difference between Sunni and Shia Muslims.
4. Explain the difference between Sufi Muslims and the work that the ulama performed. How were they fundamentally opposed?
5. Define Sikhism as fully as possible.
6. In which region(s) did Islam spread especially among merchants, thanks to the inclusion of a major Islamic trading network, rather than by conquest and Islamic rule?
7. True or False. In pre-Islamic times, the Kaaba housed representations of over 300 deities.
8. Compare Islam to Christianity and Buddhism. What is the biggest fundamental difference between Islam and Christianity & Buddhism?
9. What is the difference between imams, shaykhs & caliphs?
10. What is the relationship between the Quran, ulama, sharia, and hadiths?
Quiz Game! ANSWERS!!
Read each of these questions as a team, answer on a sheet of paper, then transfer to your board.
Create a list from 1-10. The team that gets the most correct wins.
1st place wins 30 points.
2nd - 15, 3rd - 10, 4th 0!
1. “Jihad” is Arabic for _________.
1. “Jihad” is Arabic for struggle.
2. In addition to the Five Pillars, Muslims must obey ______ _______, which forbids them to gamble, eat pork, drink alcoholic beverages, or engage in dishonest behavior.
2. In addition to the Five Pillars, Muslims must obey Sharia Law, which forbids them to gamble, eat pork, drink alcoholic beverages, or engage in dishonest behavior.
3. Explain the difference between Sunni and Shia Muslims.
3. Explain the difference between Sunni and Shia Muslims.
On one side were the Sunni Muslims, who held that the caliphs were rightful political and military leaders, selected by the Islamic community.
On the other side of this sharp divide was the Shia Muslims (an Arabic word meaning “party” or “faction”) branch of Islam. Its adherents felt strongly that leadership in the Islamic world should derive from the blood relatives of Muhammad.
SUNNI => CALIPHS, selected by the community
SHIA => Blood relatives of MUHAMMAD
How can you remember it?
We want to select someone "Sunni" rather than later.
We can't have any blood relatives of Muhammad without any "SHIAS" to have the babies.
4. Explain the difference between Sufi Muslims and the work that the ulama performed. How were they fundamentally opposed?
4. Explain the difference between Sufi Muslims and the work that the ulama performed. How were they fundamentally opposed?
Sufis =represented Islam’s mystical dimension, in that they sought a direct and personal experience of the divine.
Renunciation of the material world, meditation on the words of the Quran, chanting the names of God, the use of music and dance, the veneration of Muhammad and various “saints”
Sufis pursued the taming of the ego and spiritual union with Allah.
Furthermore, Sufis felt that many of the ulama had been compromised by their association with worldly and corrupt governments.
Sufis therefore often charted their own course to God, implicitly challenging the religious authority of the ulama.
Despite their differences, the legalistic emphasis of the ulama & Sufi spirituality never became irreconcilable versions of Islam.
**This division did not create as much trouble as Sunni-Shia split.**
5. Define Sikhism as fully as possible.
5. Define Sikhism as fully as possible.
A hybrid of Islam & Hinduism that came together to form a new religion.
During the early 16th century, a new and distinct religious tradition emerged in India: Sikhism
Blended elements of Islam, such as devotion to one universal God, with Hindu concepts, such as karma and rebirth.
“There is no Hindu and no Muslim. All are children of God,”
- Guru Nanak (1469–1539), the founder of Sikhism.
Very similar to the process of how Buddhism spread into China & the Chinese people changing it to suit their needs.
How can I remember it?
Those "Sikh-ing" to study Islam in India focused on a hybrid of Islamic & Indian ways to do so.
6. In which region(s) did Islam spread especially among merchants, thanks to the inclusion of a major Islamic trading network, rather than by conquest and Islamic rule?
6. In which region(s) did Islam spread especially among merchants, thanks to the inclusion of a major Islamic trading network, rather than by conquest and Islamic rule?
WEST AFRICA
7. True or False. In pre-Islamic times, the Kaaba housed representations of over 300 deities
7. True or False. In pre-Islamic times, the Kaaba housed representations of over 300 deities.
8. Compare Islam to Christianity and Buddhism. According to what we discussed in class, what is the biggest fundamental difference between Islam and Christianity & Buddhism?
8. Compare Islam to Christianity and Buddhism. According to what we discussed in class, what is the biggest fundamental difference between Islam and Christianity & Buddhism?
No separation between Church & State!
9. What is the difference between imams, shaykhs & caliphs?
9. What is the difference between imams, shaykhs & caliphs?
imams: In Shia Islam, leaders with high religious authority; the twelve imams of early Shia Islam were Muhammad’s nephew Ali and his descendants. (pron. EE-mahms)
shaykhs: Sufi teachers who attracted a circle of disciples and often founded individual schools of Sufism. (pron. SHAKES)
caliphs: "representative" of Allah on earth.
Rightly Guided Caliphs: The first four rulers of the Islamic world after the death of Muhammad. “companions of the Prophet”
Sunni Muslims = caliphs chosen by election.
Shia Muslims = appointment by god, or bloodline.
10. What is the relationship between the Quran, ulama, sharia, and hadiths?
10. What is the relationship between the Quran, hadiths, ulama, and sharia?
RELIGIOUS TEXTS:
Quran: Also transliterated as Qur’án and Koran, this is the most holy text of Islam, recording the revelations given to the prophet Muhammad. (pron. kuh- RAHN)
hadiths: Traditions passed on about the sayings or actions of Muhammad and his immediate followers; hadiths rank second only to the Quran as a source of Islamic law. (pron. hah-DEETHS)
INTERPRETER OF RELIGIOUS TEXTS:
ulama: Islamic religious scholars. (pron. oo-leh-MAH)
INTERPRETATION OF THE RELIGIOUS TEXT = LAW:
sharia: Islamic law, dealing with all matters of both secular and religious life. (pron. sha-REE-ah)
Round 2
This is the lightning round.
We’ll have a question and then an answer right away.
1. Why are there no representations of the prophet Muhammad adorning mosques?
1. Why are there no representations of the prophet Muhammad adorning mosques?
The Hadith warns against any attempt to imitate God by creating pictures of living beings.
2. To what other religious observance is Ramadan compared?
“Ramazan [Ramadan] . . . is an occasion during which believers are thought to be closer to God. Ramazan is a month-long period of fasting, somewhat like Lent only more stringent. It is a time of atonement. It is the month in which the [Quran] was allegedly revealed to [Muhammad]. It is said: “When the noble time of Ramazan comes, the doors of heaven are opened, the doors of hell closed, and the devils tied down.” In other words, people’s souls are opened to God and closed to seytan (devils); they are sustained by God as by food.”
From The Seed and the Soil: Gender and Cosmology in Turkish Village Society by Carol Delaney, 1991
2. To what other religious observance is Ramadan compared?
“Ramazan [Ramadan] . . . is an occasion during which believers are thought to be closer to God. Ramazan is a month-long period of fasting, somewhat like Lent only more stringent. It is a time of atonement. It is the month in which the [Quran] was allegedly revealed to [Muhammad]. It is said: “When the noble time of Ramazan comes, the doors of heaven are opened, the doors of hell closed, and the devils tied down.” In other words, people’s souls are opened to God and closed to seytan (devils); they are sustained by God as by food.”
From The Seed and the Soil: Gender and Cosmology in Turkish Village Society by Carol Delaney, 1991
3. How long is the period of Ramadan?
“Ramazan [Ramadan] . . . is an occasion during which believers are thought to be closer to God. Ramazan is a month-long period of fasting, somewhat like Lent only more stringent. It is a time of atonement. It is the month in which the [Quran] was allegedly revealed to [Muhammad]. It is said: “When the noble time of Ramazan comes, the doors of heaven are opened, the doors of hell closed, and the devils tied down.” In other words, people’s souls are opened to God and closed to seytan (devils); they are sustained by God as by food.”
From The Seed and the Soil: Gender and Cosmology in Turkish Village Society by Carol Delaney, 1991
3. How long is the period of Ramadan?
“Ramazan [Ramadan] . . . is an occasion during which believers are thought to be closer to God. Ramazan is a month-long period of fasting, somewhat like Lent only more stringent. It is a time of atonement. It is the month in which the [Quran] was allegedly revealed to [Muhammad]. It is said: “When the noble time of Ramazan comes, the doors of heaven are opened, the doors of hell closed, and the devils tied down.” In other words, people’s souls are opened to God and closed to seytan (devils); they are sustained by God as by food.”
From The Seed and the Soil: Gender and Cosmology in Turkish Village Society by Carol Delaney, 1991
4. What is the "greater jihad?"
4. What is the "greater jihad?"
Personal effort against greed and selfishness, a spiritual striving towards living a God-conscious life.
5. Which of the following became the most powerful Islamic state until the twentieth century?
5. Which of the following became the most powerful Islamic state until the twentieth century?
Round 3 - Chapter 10
A quick look back at European Christendom!
1. Video Questions: Crash Course Dark Ages!
Were the dark ages really dark? Write an explanation after viewing the video. Explain why historians have referred to this time period as "The Dark Ages."
Is it accurate? How or how not?
2. What group of people must have made
the statement below?
(Chinese, Muslims, Christians, Russians)
"At first I wanted to erase the Roman name and convert all Roman territory into a Gothic empire… But long experience has taught me that…without law a state is not a state. Therefore I have more prudently chosen the different glory of reviving the Roman name with Gothic vigour, and I hope to be acknowledged by posterity as the initiator of a Roman restoration."
2. What group of people must have made
the statement below?
(Chinese, Muslims, Christians, Russians)
"At first I wanted to erase the Roman name and convert all Roman territory into a Gothic empire… But long experience has taught me that…without law a state is not a state. Therefore I have more prudently chosen the different glory of reviving the Roman name with Gothic vigour, and I hope to be acknowledged by posterity as the initiator of a Roman restoration."
3. The most significant expansion of Orthodox Christianity occurred among the Slavic peoples of what is now _____________.
3. The most significant expansion of Orthodox Christianity occurred among the Slavic peoples of what is now _____________.
4. What does the passage refer to?
And the entire city was to be seen in the tents of the [Turkish] camp, the city deserted, lying lifeless, naked, soundless, without either form or beauty. O city, head of all cities, center of the four corners of the world, pride of the Romans, civilizer of the barbarians… Where is your beauty, O paradise…? Where are the bodies of the Apostle of my Lord…? Where are the relics of the saints, those of the martyrs? Where are the remains of Constantine the Great and the other emperors?…Oh, what a loss!
4. The Fall of Constantinople, 1453
5. Describe and explain the
"Holy Roman Empire."
5. Describe and explain the
"Holy Roman Empire."
amounted to little more than rival Germanic principalities
Boost Question!
“Islam was simultaneously both a single world of shared meaning and interaction and a series of separate and distinct communities, often in conflict with one another.”
What evidence could you provide to support both sides of this argument?
Watch "Heaven on Earth" - Islam with Christy Kenneally.
Individually take note of anything in the video that discusses what is in Strayer.
At the end your team will compile their notes and make 1 list. You will write the list on your whiteboard. You will have 5 minutes.
Quiz Game!
Read each of these questions as a team, answer on a sheet of paper, then transfer to your board.
Create a list from 1-10. The team that gets the most correct wins.
1st place wins 30 points.
2nd - 15, 3rd - 10, 4th 0!