Vaping & CBD: Facts and Conjectures
e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI)
CDC.gov
As of Feb 2020, 2807 cases and 68 deaths in the United States
the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states and events
in specified populations
What is EPIDEMIOLOGY?
the study of the distribution
and determinants of health-related states and events
in specified populations
What is EPIDEMIOLOGY?
(scientific, systematic, and data-driven)
(frequency, pattern)
(causes, risk factors)
(not just diseases)
(neighborhood, school, city, state, country, global).
What do EPIDEMIOLOGISTS investigate?
Environmental exposures
Infectious diseases
Injuries
Non-infectious diseases
Natural disasters
Terrorism & Discrimination
What causes EVALI?
Who constitute the
remaining 45.5%
Why are they vaping?
Percentage of adults in the U.S. who had tried vaping or using electronic cigarettes as of 2018, by age
As of Nov. 2019 There were seven confirmed or probable cases of severe lung illness related to vaping in Canada.
If vaping alone leads to EVALI…
why are cases not reported everywhere?
why now and not back in 2006 when Introduced into the U.S.?
Nov. 2019 CDC identified vitamin E acetate as a chemical of concern among people with EVALI.
Recent CDC laboratory testing of fluid samples collected from the lungs from 29 patients with EVALI
found vitamin E acetate in all of the samples.
Vitamin E acetate might be used as an additive, most notably as a thickening agent in THC-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, products.
CDC recommends that people should not use e-cigarette, or vaping, products that contain THC, particularly from informal sources like friends, or family, or in-person or online dealers.
Where are young people getting their vaping liquids from?
Demand vs Supply
what do we focus on?
Peer pressure
Assertion of Independence
It’s fun
Ignorance
Perception of invincibility
Boredom
Stress coping mechanism
2018
What are the health consequences of legal (non-THC) vaping liquids?
Less harmful than cigarettes, but not completely safe. Long-term effects are unknown.
E-cigarette use may increase transition to cigarettes (4x)
most e-cigarettes contain and emit numerous potentially toxic substances
Dependence on e-cigarettes < conventional ciggs but depends on type of e-cigg
e-cigarette use increases airborne concentrations of particulate matter < conventional ciggs
no available evidence in humans and minimal evidence from animals that e-cigg use leads to cancer
What are the health consequences of legal (non-THC) vaping liquids?
no available evidence whether or not e-cigarettes cause respiratory diseases in humans
moderate evidence for increased cough/wheeze and worsening asthma in adolescents who use e-ciggs
There is conclusive evidence that e-cigarettes can explode and cause burns and projectile injuries.
conclusive evidence that intentional or accidental exposure to e-liquids can result in adverse health �effects and death
There is no available evidence whether or not e-cigarettes affect pregnancy outcomes.
There is insufficient evidence whether or not maternal e-cigarette use affects fetal development
Risk Factors | Domain | Protective Factors |
Early Aggressive Behavior | Individual | Self-Control |
Lack of Parental Supervision | Family | Parental Monitoring |
Substance Abuse | Peer | Academic Competence |
Drug Availability | School | Anti-drug Use Policies |
Poverty | Community | Strong Neighborhood Attachment |
The table below describes how risk and protective factors affect people in
five domains, or settings, where interventions can take place.
Cannabidiol CBD
Derived from either the hemp or marijuana plant –
does not produce a high that THC does.
However, CBD from marijuana “may” contain THC levels in excess of .3%
Marijuana: a Cannabis plant grown for its� intoxicating effect
Hemp: a Cannabis plant grown for many � industrial purposes (e.g. textiles)
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): the active � ingredient in marijuana that produces
a “high”
Cannabis: a plant
Source: http://cbdoilexpert.com/cbd/
More Creditable Source lists:
Consumption methods
oil
vape
edibles
capsules
topical creams and patches
managing anxiety, insomnia, chronic pain�certain childhood seizure syndromes*
https://www.health.harvard.edu/
Who uses Complimentary and Alternative Medicine in general?
(2007)
Women
Higher Education and Income
Peaks at age 50--59
In order from most to least:�
American Indian/Alaska native
White
Asian
Black
Hispanic
Why are people using CAM and CBD in particular?
Perception that “natural is safe”
Perception that such treatments have fewer/less severe side effects
Fearful of the well-publicized side effects of western medicine
Hopeful that these therapies will be more effective
Is CBD safe?
Side effects: nausea, fatigue and irritability
�interaction with certain medications (e.g. blood thinners)
FDA does not regulate the safety and purity of dietary supplements