1 of 51

Libraries and Learning Analytics:

Facts, False Choices, �and Future Forays

ACRL ULS Webcast�November 2021

2 of 51

Ground Rules for Productive Discourse

2

To create an environment safe for open exchange and meaning, let’s agree to:

  • Be committed to learning from each other.
  • Listen to each other and not talk at each other.
  • Acknowledge differences in backgrounds and perspectives and realize that those differences will increase our awareness and understanding of this content.
  • Not devalue people for their experiences, lack of experiences, or difference in interpretation of those experiences.
  • Trust that people are doing the best that they can.
  • Challenge ideas, not individuals.

3 of 51

MEGAN OAKLEAF

KEN VARNUM

BECKY CROXTON

Associate Professor

Syracuse University

Head of Library Assessment

UNC Charlotte

Senior Program Manager

University of Michigan

4 of 51

Overview

  • Current definitions of & common models for learning analytics
  • Purposes of learning analytics for student learning
  • Tricky places
  • For your consideration:
    • User stories
    • Research questions
    • Data sources
  • Unique roles for librarians
  • Next steps for research and practice
  • Discussion questions & readings for continuing conversations

4

5 of 51

Outcomes

  • You will be able to define learning analytics in a higher education context in order to prepare for, ask questions about, and/or engage in learning analytics work at your institutions.�
  • You will be able to describe the purposes and pitfalls of learning analytics as an approach to support student learning in order to conceptualize learning analytics engagement that fits your values as well as institutional and library needs.�
  • You will be able to initiate conversations about learning analytics at your own libraries and institutions in order to support student learning and success.

5

6 of 51

DEFINITIONS, MODELS, & PURPOSES

6

7 of 51

LG-97-18-0209-18

LG-98-17-0019-17

7

Connecting Libraries and Learning Analytics for Student Success

Library Integration in Institutional Learning Analytics

These projects were made possible in part by the Institute of Museum and Library Services.

8 of 51

What do we mean by “learning analytics”?

the use of institutional-level systems that collect individual-level student learning data, �centralize it in a record store, �and serve as a unified source for research seeking to understand and support student success

8

9 of 51

9

Institutional Record Store or

Data Repository

protected by policies, procedures, practices, technical security, governance, etc.

Operations Data

SIS Data

Learning Management System Data

iPASS Data

Other Stuff

Library Data

Analysis

queries and correlations based on vetted, approved research questions

by researchers and

educators with access credentials and continually assessed for bias and error that point to experiences that lead to (or away from) success

Students

Facilitate Metacognition,

Empowerment,

Agency

Faculty

Improve Courses/Curriculum

Institution

Maximize Facilitators,

Recognize & Dismantle Hurdles

Advisors

Increase Personalization, Customization, Connection with Supports

Librarians

Improve Services, Resources, Facilities to Facilitate Student Learning and Engagement

10 of 51

10

Faculty

Improve Courses/Curriculum

Institutional Record Store or

Data Repository

protected by policies, procedures, practices, technical security, governance, etc.

Operations Data

SIS Data

Learning Management System Data

iPASS Data

Other Stuff

Analysis

queries and correlations based on vetted, approved research questions

by researchers and

educators with access credentials with findings continually assessed for bias and error that point to experiences that lead to (or away from) success

Students

Facilitate Metacognition,

Empowerment,

Agency

Institution

Maximize Facilitators

Recognize & Dismantle Hurdles

Advisors

Increase Personalization, Customization, Connection with Supports

Library Data

Librarians

Improve Services,Collections, Engagement, Facilities

Librarians

Improve Services, Resources, Facilities to Facilitate Student Learning and Engagement

Yield shared understandings

about what helps or hinders student success

leading to macro-level systemic changes and individual-level connections

Leverage shared capacity (personnel, skills, time)

to increase access to insights

11 of 51

11

Institutional Record Store or

Data Repository

protected by policies, procedures, practices, technical security, governance, etc.

Operations Data

SIS Data

Learning Management System Data

iPASS Data

Other Stuff

Analysis

queries and correlations based on vetted, approved research questions

by researchers and

educators with access credentials and continually assessed for bias and error that point to experiences that lead to (or away from) success

Students

Facilitate Metacognition,

Empowerment,

Agency

Faculty

Improve Courses/Curriculum

Institution

Maximize Facilitators

Recognize & Dismantle Hurdles

Advisors

Increase Personalization, Customization, Connection with Supports

Give the data

back to students!

Library Data

Librarians

Improve Services, Resources, Facilities to Facilitate Student Learning and Engagement

12 of 51

iPASS (Integrated Planning and Advising for Student Success)

iPass systems combine advising, alerts, interventions, degree planning, etc. to connect students with their educational team.

  • Unite the educational team
  • Give students access to their own data
  • Offer students empowering choices/agency
  • Facilitate connections in (near) real time

12

HOMEGROWN

13 of 51

What does Learning Analytics do?

Learning analytics helps educators:��discover, �diagnose, �predict challenges to learning and learner success, andcreate or deploy active interventions to benefit studentsespecially those who might be less familiar with the unwritten and often opaque rules for success in higher education, including first-generation students, community college students, students of diverse backgrounds, students with disabilities, and veterans.

13

14 of 51

What’s an “Intervention”?

  • Facilitation of individual-level communication and connection.
    • provide learners with insights into their own learning behaviors
    • notify students and their educational support partners of important events, patterns, or milestones
    • encourage students to gain assistance from support services
    • otherwise link students with learning supports

14

  • Systemic and structural changes to practices, processes, and policies to improve learner experiences and remove obstacles to student success.

15 of 51

What Can We Do With Learning Analytics?

→ Answer Questions About and With Students

  • What patterns of student-library engagement behavior are linked to student learning and success?
  • How can librarians learn more about cohorts of students with unique library requirements?
  • How can librarians personalize and customize library services, resources, and facilities to maximize student engagement and learning?
  • When is the best time (i.e., at touchpoints, within a term, within a college career, etc.) for library interventions to support student learning?
  • What data about library engagement do students need to gain agency over their learning journeys?
  • What data about student-library engagement do faculty or advisors need to improve courses, curricula, co-curricula, etc.?

15

More to

come!

16 of 51

16

  • As [who], I want [what], so that [why].
  • As a [user], I want [goal] so that [reason].
  • As a [stakeholder], I want [to be able to do an activity, to have an awareness, to take an action] in order to [achieve outcome, solve problem, meet need].
  • As a librarian, I want to know whether the amount, degree, or relative rank of student library resource use or other library participation impacts learning outcomes attainment, assignment or course grades, GPA or test scores, engagement indicators, and/or semester-to-semester retention, transfer success, employment rates or earnings after graduation/completion so that I can encourage faculty to require use of more library resources in their teaching content and assignment design, and encourage students to increase their library resource use.
  • As a librarian, I want to know whether any relationships between the use of library services/resources and institutional outcomes vary by student population/status/characteristics so that I can tailor library services/resources to meet the needs of populations with specialized needs and engage in appropriate instruction, outreach, etc. and help the institution prepare for changing student demographics.

Students

Faculty

Librarians

Academic Advisors

Institutional Researchers

Institutional Leaders

→ Take Action based on User Stories

More to

come!

17 of 51

TRICKY PLACES

17

18 of 51

If we keep anything, �we should only keep thoroughly �de-identified/�anonymized data.

How could we handle privacy issues?

18

These are not either/or decisions nor the only positions; perspectives run along a continuum.

We need to engage in dialogue to determine the best course(s) of action for our students, libraries, and institutions.

When we need identified data, we should establish secure data enclaves.

19 of 51

We don’t need �detailed information �about our students.

How might we handle the responsibility of knowing more about students?

19

If we had more detailed information about our students, we may be able to make decisions and take actions with them and on their behalf.

These are not either/or decisions nor the only positions; perspectives run along a continuum.

We need to engage in dialogue to determine the best course(s) of action for our students, libraries, and institutions.

20 of 51

We focus on persistence, �retention, �velocity, �completion, etc.

How could we use data to understand �student learning at a detailed level?

20

We explore data about learning outcomes as assessed in courses by faculty (or librarian) judgment.

These are not either/or decisions nor the only positions; perspectives run along a continuum.

We need to engage in dialogue to determine the best course(s) of action for our students, libraries, and institutions.

21 of 51

Our data about �groups of students�is non-existent or simplistic.

How could we use data to �enact equity and inclusion efforts?

21

Our data about groups of students reflects intersectional identities (race, gender, SES, major, courses enrolled, year in school, etc.).

These are not either/or decisions nor the only positions; perspectives run along a continuum.

We need to engage in dialogue to determine the best course(s) of action for our students, libraries, and institutions.

22 of 51

We rely on assessment approaches �that are �labor-intensive for students.

How can we honor and balance labor?

22

We take a less labor-intensive approach for students as one way to scan for areas that merit deeper dives.

These are not either/or decisions nor the only positions; perspectives run along a continuum.

We need to engage in dialogue to determine the best course(s) of action for our students, libraries, and institutions.

23 of 51

Supplier Community (sometimes)�Vendors (maybe, unclear)

Institutional Researchers

(sometimes)

Who should collect and access the data?

23

Students �(for metacognition, agency)

Librarians �(for decision-making, �action-taking)

Educational Researchers �(to analyze, check bias)

These are not either/or decisions nor the only positions; perspectives run along a continuum.

We need to engage in dialogue to determine the best course(s) of action for our students, libraries, and institutions.

24 of 51

FOR YOUR CONSIDERATION

24

25 of 51

Sorting Activity

Low Priority

Red Flag

High Priority

25

  • Library Data Sources
  • Research Questions
  • User Stories

Library Integration in Institutional Learning Analytics (LIILA) Report https://library.educause.edu/~/media/files/library/2018/11/liila.pdf

26 of 51

Activity Assignments

26

Last Names: A - I

Data Sources

https://go.charlotte.edu/datasources

Last Names: J - R

Research Questions

https://go.charlotte.edu/research_questions

Last Names: S - Z

User Stories

https://go.charlotte.edu/userstories

27 of 51

Results Review

27

Keys:

28 of 51

UNIQUE ROLES FOR LIBRARIANS

28

29 of 51

New Roles for Librarians

29

Communicate

30 of 51

New Roles for Librarians

30

Communicate

Engage in Policy & Procedure Development

31 of 51

New Roles for Librarians

31

Communicate

Engage in Policy & Procedure Development

Participate Actively in Learning Analytics

32 of 51

New Roles for Librarians

32

Communicate

Engage in Policy & Procedure Development

Participate Actively in Learning Analytics

Create Meaning from Data

33 of 51

New Roles for Librarians

33

Communicate

Engage in Policy & Procedure Development

Participate Actively in Learning Analytics

Create Meaning from Data

Act on Results

34 of 51

NEXT STEPS FOR RESEARCH & PRACTICE

34

35 of 51

Next Steps

35

1

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

36 of 51

Next Steps

36

1

2

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

37 of 51

Next Steps

37

1

2

3

Communicate and Negotiate with Vendor and Institutional Partners

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

38 of 51

Next Steps

38

1

2

3

4

Communicate and Negotiate with Vendor and Institutional Partners

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

Situate Learning Analytics among Other Assessment Approaches

39 of 51

Next Steps

39

1

2

3

4

5

Communicate and Negotiate with Vendor and Institutional Partners

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

Situate Learning Analytics among Other Assessment Approaches

Engage the Learning Analytics Conversation at the Institutional Level

40 of 51

Next Steps

40

1

2

3

4

5

6

Communicate and Negotiate with Vendor and Institutional Partners

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

Identify and Analyze Questions or Problems Meriting a Learning Analytics Approach

Situate Learning Analytics among Other Assessment Approaches

Engage the Learning Analytics Conversation at the Institutional Level

41 of 51

Next Steps

41

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Communicate and Negotiate with Vendor and Institutional Partners

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

Identify and Analyze Questions or Problems Meriting a Learning Analytics Approach

Situate Learning Analytics among Other Assessment Approaches

Engage the Learning Analytics Conversation at the Institutional Level

Envision Library Data Contributions

42 of 51

Next Steps

42

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Communicate and Negotiate with Vendor and Institutional Partners

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

Identify and Analyze Questions or Problems Meriting a Learning Analytics Approach

Situate Learning Analytics among Other Assessment Approaches

Engage the Learning Analytics Conversation at the Institutional Level

Envision Library Data Contributions

Explore Interoperability Standards

43 of 51

Next Steps

43

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Communicate and Negotiate with Vendor and Institutional Partners

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

Identify and Analyze Questions or Problems Meriting a Learning Analytics Approach

Situate Learning Analytics among Other Assessment Approaches

Engage the Learning Analytics Conversation at the Institutional Level

Envision Library Data Contributions

Explore Interoperability Standards

Identify Key User Stories

44 of 51

Next Steps

44

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Communicate and Negotiate with Vendor and Institutional Partners

Increase Professional Awareness & Discussion

Be Informed and Forthright about Current Data Practices

Identify and Analyze Questions or Problems Meriting a Learning Analytics Approach

Situate Learning Analytics among Other Assessment Approaches

Engage the Learning Analytics Conversation at the Institutional Level

Envision Library Data Contributions

Explore Interoperability Standards

Pursue Pilot Studies

Identify Key User Stories

45 of 51

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS &

READINGS FOR CONTINUED CONVERSATION

45

46 of 51

Library Roles

46

  • Leadership
  • Governance
  • Talent
  • Cost
  • Data
  • Quality
  • Standardization
  • Access

47 of 51

Discussion Questions

47

Questions engaging:

  • Getting started
  • Envisioning library integration into institutional learning analytics
  • Understanding learning analytics at your institution
  • and more!

48 of 51

Discussion Questions

48

Questions engaging:

  • Data collection, retention and use; interoperability
  • Student participation in shaping this work
  • Privacy policies
  • Research questions that need answering
  • and more!

49 of 51

Discussion Questions

49

Questions engaging:

  • How can librarians honor privacy values within the context of learning analytics?
  • and more!

50 of 51

ACRL Learning Analytics Toolkit

50

51 of 51

Libraries and Learning Analytics:

Facts, False Choices, and Future Forays

Thank you

for joining us!

ACRL ULS Webcast�November 2021