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MEHTAB HASAN

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Tenses

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Group 10

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MEHDI AJAB

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SAMEEN AKHTAR

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AIJAZ AHMED

75703

KAMRAN AHMED

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SARTAJ AHMAD

78122

EMAAN ABDUL GHAFFAR

78136

ANUM JASSEEM

78835

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How Many Tenses Are There?

There are three main tenses: past, present, and future. In English, each of these tenses can take four main aspects: simple, perfect, continuous (also known as progressive), and perfect continuous.

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Why Tenses Are Important In English Language?

Each tense indicates the connection between two or more time periods or the exact time an activity occurred, which underlines the importance of English grammar tenses. They can be used to create different meanings from the same verbs and help to let the listener understand the meaning behind your story.

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What Is The Function Of Each Tense?

  • Present tense is used for facts, generalizations, and truths that are not affected by the passage of time.

Example: He writes a letter today.

  • Past tense is used for events completed in the past.

Example: He wrote a letter yesterday.

  • Future tense is used for events to be completed in the future.

Example: He will write a letter tomorrow.

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The List Of 12 Tenses

  • Present Simple
  • Present Continuous
  • Present Perfect
  • Present Perfect Continuous
  • Past Simple
  • Past Continuous
  • Past Perfect
  • Past Perfect Continuous
  • Future Simple
  • Future Perfect
  • Future Continuous
  • Future Perfect Continuous

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Present Tense & Aspects

  • Present Simple Tense:

The present simple tense is one of the most common and easy to understand tenses. It has two main uses: to discuss something that is happening in the present or to discuss something that happens regularly. (Eg. The cow gives milk.)

  • Present Continuous Tense:

The present perfect continuous tense (also known as the present perfect progressive tense) shows that something started in the past and is continuing till the present time. (Eg. It is raining today.)

  • Present Perfect Tense:

The present perfect tense is a verb tense used to express actions that occurred at a non-specific time. (Eg. He has finished the work.)

  • Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

This is the final present tense. The present perfect progressive tense (also known as present perfect continuous tense) shows us that something started in the past and is continuing at the present time. (Eg. He has been sleeping for an hour.)

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Present Simple

Formula

Subject + Verb (v1) + sub/es

Example

I play music every day.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Play Music. (Subject + Ist form of Verb + s/es + Object.)

  • Negative: I Do Not Play Music. (Subject + do/does + not + Ist form of Verb + Object.)

  • Interrogative: Do I Play Music? (Do/does + Subject + Ist form of Verb + object + ?)

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Present Continuous

Formula

Subject + is/am/are + Verb(+ing) + Obj

Example

I am playing music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Am Playing Music. (Subject + is/am/are + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object.)

  • Negative: I Am Not Playing Music. (Subject + is/am/are + not + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object.)

  • Interrogative: Am I Playing Music? (Is/am/are + Subject + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + ?)

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Present Perfect

Formula

Subject + Has/have + Verb (v3) + Obj

Example

I have played music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Have Played Music. (Subject +has/have + IIIrd form of Verb + Object.)

  • Negative: I Have Not Played Music. (Subject + has/have + not + IIIrd form of Verb + Object.)

  • Interrogative: Have I Played Music? (Has/Have + Subject + IIIrd form of Verb + object + ?)

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Present Perfect Continuous

Formula

Subject +has/have + been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time.

Example

I have been playing music since I was a toddler.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I have been playing music since I was a toddler. (Subject +has/have + been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time.)

  • Negative: I have not been playing music since I was a toddler. (Subject +has/have + not been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time.)

  • Interrogative: Have I Been Playing Music Since I Was A Toddler? (Has/have + subject + been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time + ?)

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Past Tense & Aspects

  • Past Simple Tense:

This tense is generally used as a part of a habit. Also, it is used for a single act completed in past. (Eg. Meghna bought a phone two years ago.)

  • Past Continuous Tense:

This tense is generally used for past action in progress that is temporary in nature in the present at the time of speaking. (Eg. It was raining when the train reached the station.)

  • Past Perfect Tense:

This tense generally indicates an action in the past that had been completed before another time or event in the past. (Eg. He had exercised before it started to rain.)

  • Past Perfect Continuous Tense:

This tense generally indicates an action in the past that took place before another time or event in the past and continued during the second event/time point in the past. (Eg. At that time, he had been writing a novel for two months.)

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Past Simple

Formula

Subject + Verb (v2) or irregular verb + Obj

Example

I Played Music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Played Music. (Subject + IInd form of Verb + Object.)

  • Negative: I Did Not Play Music. (Subject + did + not + Ist form of Verb + Object.)

  • Interrogative: Did I Play Music? (Did + Subject + Ist form of Verb + object + ?)

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Past Continuous

Formula

Subject + was/were + Verb(+ing) + Obj

Example

I Was Playing Music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Was Playing Music. (Subject + was/were + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object.)

  • Negative: I Was Not Playing Music. (Subject + was/were + not + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object.)

  • Interrogative: Was I Playing Music? (was/were + Subject + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + ?)

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Past Perfect

Formula

Subject + had + Verb (v3) + Obj

Example

I Had Played Music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Had Played Music. (Subject +had + IIIrd form of Verb + Object.)

  • Negative: I Had Not Played Music. (Subject + had + not + IIIrd form of Verb + Object..)

  • Interrogative: Had I Played Music? (Had + Subject + IIIrd form of Verb + object + ?)

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Past Perfect Continuous

Formula

Subject + had + been + Verb(+ing) + Obj

Example

I Had Been Playing Music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Had Been Playing Music Since Childhood. (Subject +had + been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time.)

  • Negative: I Had Not Been Playing Music Since Childhood. (Subject +had + not been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time.)

  • Interrogative: Had I Been Playing Music Since Childhood? (Had + subject + been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time + ?)

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Future Tense & Aspects

  • Future Simple Tense:

This tense is generally used to indicate an action that will take place after the present time and that has no real connection with the present time. (Eg. She will visit her ailing grandmother soon)

  • Future Continuous Tense:

This tense is generally used for an action that will be in progress with a point of time in future. (Eg. He will be walking when it starts to rain.)

  • Future Perfect Tense:

This tense generally indicates an action in the future that will have been completed before another time or event in the future. (Eg. By the time we arrive, he will have studied.)

  • Future Perfect Continuous Tense:

This tense generally indicates an action in the future that will have been continuing until another time or event in the future. (Eg. He will have been exercising an hour at 2:00.)

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Future Simple

Formula

Subject + will/shall + verb (v1) + Obj

Example

I Will Play Music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Will Play Music. (Subject +will/shall + Ist form of Verb + Object.)

  • Negative: I Will Not Play Music. (Subject + will/shall + not + Ist form of Verb + Object.)

  • Interrogative: Will I Play Music? (Will/Shall + Subject + Ist form of Verb + object + ?)

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Future Continuous

Formula

Subject + will be/shall be + verb(+ing)

Example

I Will Be Playing Music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Will Be Playing Music. (Subject + will/shall + be + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object.)

  • Negative: I Will Not Be Playing Music. (Subject + will/shall + not be + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object.)

  • Interrogative: Will I Be Playing Music? (Will/Shall + Subject + be + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + ?)

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Future Perfect

Formula

Subject + will have + verb(v3) + Obj

Example

I Will Have Played Music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Will Have Played Music. (Subject +will/shall + have + IIIrd form of Verb + Object.)

  • Negative: I Will Not Have Played Music. (Subject + will/shall +not + have + IIIrd form of Verb + Object.)

  • Interrogative: Will I Have Played Music? (Will/Shall + Subject + have + IIIrd form of Verb + object +?)

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Future Perfect Continuous

Formula

Subject + will have been + verb(+ing) + Obj

Example

I Will Have Been Playing Music.

Rules

  • Affirmative: I Will Have Been Playing Music for 3 years. (Subject +will/shall + have been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time.)

  • Negative: I Will Not Have Been Playing Music For 3 Years. (Subject +will/shall + not + have been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time.)

  • Interrogative: Will I Have Been Playing Music For 3 Years? (Will/Shall + subject + have been + Ist form of Verb + ing + Object + for/since + period/time + ?)

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That’s All

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