���Presenter: Nilesh S Mankar, Deputy Engineer(Mechanical),� District Council, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India��Co-presenter: Anand S Ghodke, WASH Officer, UNICEF, Maharashtra, India

NAGPUR DISTRICT COUNCIL OF MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

INDIA

MITIGATING THE CLIMATE IMPACTS OF WATER SCARCITY

THROUGH

IN CENTRAL INDIAN REGION

“THE GREEN PROJECT”

• Extreme cold and heat waves
• Nagpur, Orange City, central region of India
• AAR 1000 mm
• Urbanization and intensive water-fed agriculture
• Supply versus Demand side management
• ‘The Green Project’: extreme climate induced conditions
• Perfectly aligns with the SDGs mitigation expectations

• Far flung tribal villages and outreach is difficult
• Poor Operation and maintenance of schemes lading to failures
• Depleted water conditions due to over-exploitation: lean period long
• Discontinued supply of electricity and technical glitches
• Lack of use of WASH facilities leading to health burden and hardships
• Old public buildings whose roofs were not proper for rain water drainage
• High dropout percentage of students in schools due to uncomfortable condition like high room temperature and insufficient water during summer

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Current Challenges

INTRODUCTION

Objective: Self Reliant Facility

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1. Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting

Roof Treatment water proofing,

Heat resistant white paint

Drainage System

Filter Equipment

Water Tank

2. Rainwater Management

Recharge shaft & Filter Pit

C. Solar pump System

Flushing old bore well,

Pump & Panel Cost,

Protection Fencing

Net Metering

Components of TGP

TGP is an auto-technical intervention

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• Rainwater harvesting with focus on rooftop
• Use of food grade quality white paint
• Heat reduction
• Renewable energy
• Recharging of groundwater

TGP is a ‘Green Approach’

• Rooftop rainwater harvesting:- Though the average rainfall of Nagpur district is about 1000 mm per year. The rainfall occurs in just 3 months. The falling rainwater generally gets run-off and is wasted. So, by applying catch and collection concept of rainwater harvesting is implemented in which the rainwater falling on roof of public buildings are tapped by providing a parapet wall on roof slope (as the building roof was not proper for rainwater drainage) and directing it through pipes to direct storage and ground water recharge through filters.

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• White Paint: - The rooftop of the buildings are made waterproof. A food grade white paint is applied over it. This result in strengthening of building structure, smooth flow of water and reducing the temperature of building by reflecting sun rays & to avoid chemical contamination.

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METHODOLOGY/APPROACH

By applying 3C concepts i.e. Catch, Collection & Contamination the following methods were adopted.

Old Building Without Parapet Wall

Providing Parapet Wall & Water proofing

Providing White Paint Coating on Rooftop

White Paint Coating On Rooftop

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• Filter :- Filtration is a part of every rainwater harvesting system. Rainwater harvesting filter design includes a chamber which is filled with filtering substances such as fiber, coarse sand, and gravel layers. These substances remove debris and dirt from water & stop them from entering the storage tank or recharge structure. These substances are to be cleaned & replace periodically. Thus increase in the cost of maintenance. To avoid these new type of on-line self cleaning filters are used now-a-days.

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• Storage Tank: the storage tank is installed either at the ground level or on the top of the premise to store the water and use it during the lean period as and when required.

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• Recharge Shaft:- Recharge shaft has been prepared with lots of attention and detail. Due to that design, along with increase in ground water level, the quality of ground water improves by preventing bacterial and chemical contamination which may occur due to fertilizers and pesticides use for agriculture.

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Continued…..

Pipe Fitting

Self leaning filter

Storage Tank

Recharge Shaft

Recharge Shaft Design

• Solar Pumps system & Net Metering :

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Instead of using conventional electric pumps, solar pumps are installed which run on sunlight which is practically free of cost. After full filling the water needs of the building the extra solar energy is fed to grid.  Net metering is a billing mechanism that credits solar energy system owners for the electricity they add to the grid. For example, if building has a PV system on their roof, it may generate more electricity than the home uses during daylight hours. The efficiency of solar panels are increased due to application of white paint reflection.

Continued…..

Village Solar Pumping System

Households Tap Connection

White Paint Coating & Solar System, Primary Health Center, Nagpur

Rooftop Solar Pump System

Drinking Water Facility in School

Input

• Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting (With Heat Resistance White Paint Coating)

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• Extra coating of cement mortar on slab of building to provide proper slope for water runoff and create proper surface finish for applying paint.

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• Hybrid Solar Pump Water Supply Scheme based on Solar energy which is available free and abundant in Indian conditions.

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• Extra coating of cement mortar on slab of building to provide proper slope for water runoff and create proper surface finish for applying paint.

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• Hybrid Solar Pump Water Supply Scheme based on Solar energy which is available free and abundant in Indian conditions.

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OUTPUT

INNOVATIVE WORK

INPUT

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• Extra coating of cement mortar on slab of building to provide proper slope for water runoff and create proper surface finish for applying paint.

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• Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting

(With White Paint Coating on roof)

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• Solar Pump Water Supply Scheme based on Solar energy which is available free and abundant in Indian conditions.

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• White Paint Coating.

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• Self Cleaning Filter

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• Recharge Shaft

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• Solar Energy with Net Metering

THE GREEN PROJECT (TGP)

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• Life of building increases.

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• Due to white paint coating sunlight is reflected which causes building room temperature to reduce by 2 to 5 Degrees Celsius.

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• Less electrical appliances are required such as air coolers, air conditioning etc. Up to 40 % of natural resources can be saved.

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• Less Maintenance cost.

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• Prevention of Contamination.

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• Along with increase in groundwater level
• which will help to utilize water for long er time in drinking, water for plantation where water required is must & also storage water can be used for emergencies.

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• Solar energy is used to pump water instead of using electricity from grid.

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• Reduction in Pumping Cost.

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• Improvement of conditions in schools to avoid dropout of students.

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Figure. Schematic representation of the overall ‘The Green Project’

1. Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting & Recharge potential

in Health Care Facility 

Naghardhan, District Nagpur (YEAR – 2021)

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• Water Usage: domestic purpose, cleaning, sanitation etc.

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• Daily OPD = 150 Patient

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• Total No. of Staff = 15

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• Water Source – Borewell

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• Total Demand of Daily water = 5000 Liters

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• Annual Demand = 18,00,000 Liters

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• Lean Period = April to June = 90 Days

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• Available water = 3000 Liters/Day

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• Short Fall = 1,80,000 Liters

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• Average Annual Rainfall: 1012 mm

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• Roof area: 236 Square Meter

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• Recharged Water =~ 1,82,706 Liters

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A SUCCESS STORY

Recharge Shaft

White Paint on Rooftop

Primary Health Center

2. Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting and Recharge potential in Ganesh Temple

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Adasa Ganesh Temple District. Nagpur (YEAR - 2020)

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• Water Usage: Drinking purpose, Sanitation, Gardening

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• Daily Pilgrims = ~ 1800

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• Water Source – Borewell

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• Total Demand of Daily water = 9,000 Liters

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• Average Annual Demand = 32,40,000 Liters

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• Lean Period = April to June = 90 Days

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• Daily Pilgrims = ~ 1000

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• Average Water Demand = 5000 Liters/Day

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• Available Water = 3500 Liters/day

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• Total short Fall = 1,35,000 Liters

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• Average Annual Rainfall: 925 mm

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• Roof area: 226 Square Meter

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• Recharged Water = ~1,77,693 Liters

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Recharge Shaft

Sedimentary Tank & Flush Valve

Old Building Roof

New Building Roof

Air Cooler Power Consumption Calculation :(Nos. of Air Coolers 6)

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Power Consumption Calculator:

Rated Power Of Your Appliance (Watt) = 1200 W

Daily Operational Hours ( Hours ) = 12 Hours

Electricity Tariff (INR) = Rs. 9/Kwh

No. of works completed during 2021-2023

Air Coolers Water Consumption Calculation: (Nos. of Air Coolers 6)

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Water Consumption:

No. of Air Coolers = 6

Water required per Air cooler = 30 Liters/Day

Summer Season 4 Months Water Consumed = 21,600 Liters

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Due to heat resistant white paint 50 % reduction

in uses water for air cooler coolers :-

No. of air cooler required = 3

Summer Season 4 Months Water Consumed = 7200 Liters

Total Water Saving :- 7200 Liters

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Due to heat resistant white paint 50 % reduction

in needs of coolers :-

Consider Summer Season 4 Months Units Consumed (kWh) = 720

Consider Summer Season 4 Months Electricity Bill (INR) = 6480/-

Final Saving unit Cost :- Rs. 6480 (Approx.)

• Detailed study underway, final report awaited
• Demonstration of whole concept at 7 sites through partner agency SACRED
• Net Metering introduced for using generated electricity
• Documentation in the form of Audio-Visual underway
• Disseminating this concept for school students and college youths
• A policy paper to be prepared
• Support for National & International cross learning

Support from UNICEF, Maharashtra, India

KEY FINDING

CONCLUSION / RECOMMONDATION

• Useful idea for tackling the impacts of climate change
• Addresses water scarcity
• Ensure access and equitable distribution during the lean period
• Reaches to the deprived population in the institutions
• Health care Centers, Pre-schools, Schools as well as tribal population
• Useful technology for peri-urban and urban areas
• Element of community and or stakeholder engagement is must
• Further data collection and analysis is required
• Analysis of energy saving, carbon footprints, water availability, etc.
• Qualitative and quantitative aspects needs to be looked at
• Cost benefit analysis
• Development of a working policy paper for Green Concept as a mission

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

• Mr. Yogesh Kumbhejkar, IAS, District Collector, Bhandara, Maharashtra, INDIA

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• Mrs. Saumya Sharma, IAS, CEO, District Council, Nagpur, Maharashtra, INDIA

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• Elected members of District Council

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• UNICEF, Maharashtra

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• Dr. Gajanan Khadse, Senior Principal Scientist, Water Technology & Management Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), INDIA

• Dr. Prabhat Jain, Former Regional Director, Central groundwater board, Ministry of Jal Shakti,

Government of India

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Thank You