1 of 81

Moving the Glenkens Land Use Vision forward.

8th July 2024

The Smiddy, Balmacellan

Dalry Community Council

2 of 81

Agenda

  1. Glenkens Land Use Vision – Helen Keron
  2. Wider Context – Morag Paterson
  3. Report findings: Feasibility Study into the creation of a Glenkens Land Use Forum – Dr Stephen Connelly.
  4. Report findings: Participatory Monitoring of Landscapes – Dr Kerry Morrison
  5. Land Use in Local Place Planning – Becca Nelson
  6. Q&A / Discussion / Next steps.

3 of 81

  1. Wider Context

Helen Keron,

GCAT Executive Manager,

New Galloway

4 of 81

  1. Glenkens Land Use Vision
  • The ‘Glenkens and District Community Action Plan’ was published in September 2020.
  • 4 key themes:
    • A Connected Community
    • An Asset Rich Community
    • An Economically Flourishing Community
    • A Carbon Neutral Community.
  • In July 2023, ‘A Glenkens Land Use Vision’ was adopted as an Addendum to the CAP.
  • GCAT leads on delivery of the CAP.

5 of 81

Land Use Vision Process

  • 2022: Glenkens selected as one of 5 pilot areas in the RLUP areas to carry out a Community Learning exercise around land use. (SEA)
  • 2022/23: Dalry selected as a pilot area for a Citizens Panel on climate change.
  • January 2023: GCAT facilitated a community engagement process that resulted in the creation of the Glenkens Land Use Vision.
  • July 2023: Land Use Vision adopted as an addendum to the Glenkens CAP.

Including a number of recommendations at a local, regional and national level.

  • November 2023: NatureScot and SOSE funded a suite of projects building on some of these recommendations.

6 of 81

Glenkens Land Use Vision

The Vision: That everyone who takes value from our land returns value to it.

That the Glenkens is an exemplar of sustainable land use practice in building resilience for climate, biodiversity & communities, where learning is valued and all voices are listened to and respected.

  • Published here: https://glenkens.scot/land-use

7 of 81

Key to this will be that:

• Land use enhances local climate and environmental resilience, biodiversity and thriving communities and supports re-population.

    • Community Wealth Building is an underpinning priority.

• There is a balance of land use, access and ownership, achieved using whole catchment planning.

    • Cumulative effect is a key consideration.

• Every part of the community feels included.

    • Nothing about us without us!

• We have strong partnership working.

    • We know we can’t do it alone.

8 of 81

The three projects

  • Feasibility Study into the creation of a Glenkens Land Use Forum.
  • Feasibility Study into Participatory Monitoring of Land Use Change in the Glenkens.
  • Creation of a Local Place Plan for Dalry and a template LPP for other Glenkens communities that incorporates land use issues.

Thanks to SOSE and NatureScot for their support of these projects, and to all the authors and volunteers who have committed so much time to them.

9 of 81

A word of caution

  • Need to consider governance models going forward – Network / sub-group.
  • A paid resource will be needed to take the issue much further forward.
      • GCAT and the current volunteers are running out of capacity.
      • Even a paid resource needs support, so any grant funding will need to take that into account.
  • Need to stick carefully to advancing the Vision of balance and partnership working.

10 of 81

  1. Wider Context

Morag Paterson,

Dalry Community Councillor,

Dalry

11 of 81

Glenkens Vision – Wider Context

Regional

Local

Agriculture and forestry subsidies

Carbon credits

Peatland Restoration

Biodiversity credits

Land reform

Just transition

Net Zero

National Planning Framework (4)

Regional Land Use Partnership

Local Development Plan (3)

Woodland and Biodiversity Strategy

Natural Capital Innovation Zone

Place Planning

Sub-catchment planning

Local land use network

Live projects

National

12 of 81

Opportunities?

Considering land-use in a much wider context - intrinsically connected to other agendas such as education, housing, health and well-being, local economic development.

Bringing together multiple operators and communities locally for sub-catchment level opportunities (connectivity, recreation, local employment, skills and education, housing projects etc.)

Engage with:

  • Businesses
  • Local groups and organisations
  • Regional Land Use Partnership
  • Natural Capital Innovation Zone
  • Local Authority
  • NGOs and other organisations like GSA Biosphere
  • Government agencies e.g. SEPA, Scottish Forestry and NatureScot
  • South of Scotland Enterprise
  • NHS

13 of 81

Challenges?

Lack of resources/capacity

Siloed culture

Too few people ‘round the table’

Lack of influence over national actions like agricultural or subsidy changes

Lack of influence over local decision making

Diversity of local perspectives

14 of 81

  1. Glenkens Land Use Forum

Dr Stephen Connelly,

Dalry

15 of 81

Feasibility Study into the creation of a �Land Use Forum in the Glenkens

Dr Stephen Connelly

8 July 2024

16 of 81

Introduction

  • A next step in the development of the Glenkens’ capacity to plan and shape its future:

Community Action Plan 🡪 Land Use Vision 🡪 this and other studies 🡪 implementation of the Vision

  • SOSE and NatureScot funding for GCAT and Dalry Community Council
  • Who am I?
  • The next 15 minutes: why and how; main conclusions/recommendations; how this fits into everything else; next steps?

17 of 81

Purpose, approach, methods

How can the potential of the Land Use Vision be realised?

  • through a Forum – which might draw up a Land Use Plan? Or something else?

Starting point:

People matter: interests, emotions, beliefs…

  • but so do structures of government and the market

Approach is pragmatic but idealistic:

what can be done in the face of:

combined market and policy forces +

very limited and weak opportunities for community input +

a changing and unpredictable policy environment?

18 of 81

Gathering information

  • Listening empathetically to all stakeholders – especially those who might not be supportive
    • 22 interviews: forestry, energy, farming, conservation, governance, residents
    • missing: big farms/estates

+ policy documents, press articles

⇒ a set of 5 options

19 of 81

Options assessed for:

  • Alignment with the Vision’s goals for:
    • sustainable development
    • a body/process which can advocate; support local projects and consultations; network; raise awareness; create ‘positive actions’ with landowners; represent the Glenkens; research and learn (!)
  • Capacity to act
  • Community support
  • External support and credibility
  • Cost – in time and money

20 of 81

A set of options…

Option

Overall assessment

Do nothing new

Unsustainable and insufficient to realise the potential of the Vision.

Supported stakeholder interaction (ad hoc and reactive)

Very feasible, low risk, could achieve some positive change, but insufficient to realise the potential of the Vision.

Flexible stakeholder group (seeking win-wins)

Feasible, low risk, would partially realise the Vision’s goals and improve stakeholder relations, but would not achieve structural change.

Planning group (developing a Glenkens Land Use Plan)

Feasible, would provide a solid basis for future advocacy and possibly structural change; high risk of deepening divisions between stakeholders.

A fully inclusive stakeholder Forum

Difficult to organise and high risk. The optimum outcome is very attractive, but unlikely to be achieved; failure could leave the situation worse than at the outset. Highly demanding of volunteer time and skills.

21 of 81

Principles for recommendations

  • Maximise chance of achieving something worthwhile
  • Minimise risk of making things worse
  • Recognise changing and unpredictable policy environment
  • Build in a developmental approach: increasing trust and understanding 🡪 more ambitious futures

22 of 81

Conclusion 1: not a Plan…

  • Why have a Plan (i.e. maps+proposals)?
    • statement of the community’s aspirations
    • can set targets/limits on land uses
    • streamlines proposals for land use change (e.g. for new plantations)
    • nests neatly into the regional land use and local place planning processes
  • Why not have a Plan?
    • with statutory force, it would unacceptably bind land managers and discourage investment
    • without statutory force, it would be pointless / misleading / time-wasting
    • creating a Plan would increase divisions

23 of 81

Conclusion 1: …but a Glenkens Land Use Map

  • avoids these problems: provides a resource and a platform
  • collates/collects disparate and scattered information:
    • include community knowledge and values
    • identify info gaps
    • build up a log of change
  • enables layering e.g. riverine woodland + land holding; valued views + curlew habitats + new plantations
  • feeds directly into Regional Land Use Partnership work

For: project planning, funding bids, policy advocacy, community consultation responses, plantation design…

  • and could turn into a Plan over time (with trust/buy-in)

24 of 81

Conclusion 2: not a Forum but a Network

  • a home for the Map + a base for positive action
  • proactive: thematic studies on ‘what is to be done?’ with respect to land use and…

…employment, education/learning, tourism, procurement, water etc.

= spatial planning for the CAP + LPPs

  • reactive: responding to proposals, mediating conflicts

structure: a worker, a steering group, a network, task-and-finish groups

25 of 81

How does this link with everything else in the Glenkens?

  • Draws on and draws together Local Place Plans
    • adds a Glenkens-level
  • Takes forward the Glenkens Community Action Plan (CAP).
    • A Map could be the spatial version of the CAP – showing where things should happen
    • The Network could be a delivery (or at least planning) arm of the CAP Steering Group
    • Potential for overlap / lack of role clarity
  • Draws on the Participatory Monitoring study.

26 of 81

How does this link with everything else beyond the Glenkens?

Regional Land Use Partnership (RLUP)

  • The RLUP wants ‘sub-catchment’ land use frameworks
  • But what are Regional or sub-catchment frameworks for? To ‘inform’ decision making?

The Council’s Local Development Plan process

  • Could it be(come) a Glenkens Local Place Plan, with weak but statutory status?

As long as it delivers something useful for us, the rest is a bonus…

27 of 81

What next? Some questions for discussion…

Who runs the Network and creates the Map? The CAP Steering Group (more effective?) or the community councils (more visibly democratic)?

Who funds it?

Where do we start…

    • a map?
    • a theme?
    • or do we want to jump straight to creating a Land Use Plan?

28 of 81

  1. Participatory Monitoring

Dr Kerry Morrison,

Balmaclellan

29 of 81

The Task��To Design a Participatory Monitoring Scheme of Land Use in the Glenkens ��

  • Engage with Glenkens communities in a creative manner to understand the values they associate with landscape and how they can be monitored.

  • Design a participatory monitoring framework to document landscape change over time.

30 of 81

��Get Out �And About �And Engage

31 of 81

Wild swim meets…...Boating on the Ken….. Crafting groups ……. Photography groups…............Writing groups…… Art classes…… D&G Arts Festival Networking Meet up ……..…………………………..

Community woodlands with volunteering opportunities…………... Singing groups .…. Ornithology group ………. Producers’ market….. The Glenkens Story: Music-Making: Past, Present and Future ………. Woodland creation consultation for Duchrae, Lochinvar

32 of 81

Out and About: The Process of� Engagement and Recording Land Use

33 of 81

34 of 81

The Stewartry Ornithology Group, Balmaclellan

35 of 81

From Corriedoo along the A702 towards Dalry

36 of 81

The cows, black

The calves, white-ish

Suckling

Lying

Clustered together

On high ground

Rush, Wet land indicators

16 black cows

12 white-ish claves

In the air, strong, sweet, pungent dung aroma

melding and fading with the wind and the grasses

37 of 81

Rams across the road

Stare at me

I draw him

curiously

Staring back at me

38 of 81

39 of 81

40 of 81

Fixed point land-use monitoring

41 of 81

42 of 81

43 of 81

44 of 81

45 of 81

46 of 81

  • I record the lane where I live. I photograph the changes that are happening…

  • No-one hears me or hears what I’m concerned about. I’d like to be involved in something like this…

  • It’s not just about recording the landscape changes, it’s also about recording emotions and how I feel when changes happen…

  • I don’t record the landscape, but I do write protest songs about loss of nature.

  • I record the birds in the garden. I’m a qualified bird ringer and I ring the birds in my garden.

  • I’m a botanist and I would love to be involved. I particularly love hedgerows and am concerned about their loss…

  • I worry about Ash Dieback and what will happen along our lanes lined with ash…

47 of 81

Artist Responses to Land Use in the Glenkens

Written in response to the loss of marginal grassland habitats in the Glenkens through either commercial Sitka spruce dominated forestry or farming intensification and the impact this is having on whinchat and other farmland birds

Susan Bielinski

Tormentil, Eyebright, Thyme

 

Tormentil, eyebright, thyme

Tormentil, eyebright, thyme

The whinchat rests its weary wings, over,

Tormentil, eyebright, thyme

The skylark hovers overhead, sings too

So before you bring the darkness

Or use your poison spray

Look down to the ground. Look all around, over

Tormentil, eyebright, thyme

For among the broom and hawthorn,

The riggit Galloways graze,

And atop the blackthorn the whinchat songs, over

Tormentil, eyebright, thyme

Tormentil, eyebright, thyme

Tormentil, eyebright, thyme

The cuckoo calls across the glen, over

Tormentil, eyebright, thyme

48 of 81

Cairn Chorus

Cairn Valley Song Cycle. In 2016, Cairn Chorus commissioned new material to illustrate:

what our landscape means to the community, what community means to us and how changes in a rural community affect us.

Galloway Sangstreams— Songs Of Life, Land And Legacy (2024) follows on from this with new commissioned works alongside pieces from Cairn Valley Song Cycle. This growing body of work, created and performed by members of our community is inadvertently recording/monitoring changes in land use, and actively singing out the importance and relevance of land use to local people - past, present, and future.

49 of 81

deliberately inconclusive investigations into absence

�Helmut Lemke

50 of 81

Ted Leeming and Morag Paterson

Ted Leeming. Artful Migration, 2023

Morag Patterson, The Species Scrolls, 2023

51 of 81

The Glenkens Story: Music Making Past, Present, and Future

52 of 81

53 of 81

We are producing material, data, and snapshots of our landscape.

We are reshaping the landscape to increase biodiversity, bring back and regenerate lost landscapes, increase access to nature, and working towards economic and environmental sustainability.

We are creatively responding to our landscape through song and music, creative writing, performance, and the visual arts.

Environmental organisations, groups, independent environmental scientists, and nature enthusiasts are collecting quantitative data.

We are participating in the array of Nature & Culture opportunities that the Glenkens landscapes offer.

Throughout the Glenkens, people are actively participating in these landscapes and are invested in them.

54 of 81

A Land-Use Festival

55 of 81

Could it happen across the Glenkens? Perhaps in all the community halls?

How can I get involved?

Our area needs something like this.

A biennial land use festival, what a fantastic idea.

And it would have art and science stuff? Wow, that’s a great idea.

I’m really interested in this, but I don’t live in the Glenkens. Could I still be involved? Maybe I should move here.

This is just what we need!

56 of 81

Proposed themes for monitoring & recording Land Use and Changes Over Time

 

 

Theme

Example

 

 

 

1

Treasured places and views

Otter Pool, views from Waterside Hill

2

Landscapes at risk

‘unproductive’ and unprotected areas

3

Climate adaptation

Forest to bog, riparian tree planting, regenerative farming

4

Climate change impacts

Flooding, droughts, storm damage

5

Landscapes undergoing change

New forestry, changes in farming practice

6

Micro recording

Species, water quality, and sounds

7

Work, rest, and play

Dog walking, wild swimming, cycling, rambling, meditation

8

Inspiration, spiritual connectedness, and aesthetic appreciation

Deeply personal connections to landscapes and nature

9

Just because/it’s on my doorstep

Hedgerows, verges, lanes

10

The overlooked

Scrubby, dank areas, post-industrial and brownfield sites, lay-bys

Land-Use Festival Themes

57 of 81

Thank You

58 of 81

  1. Land Use in Local Place Plans

Becca Nelson,

Glenkens Community Space Network facilitator,

Dalry

59 of 81

Land use in Dalry’s

Local Place Plan

60 of 81

Local Place Plans were introduced in the 2019 Planning (Scotland) Act

Schedule 19: Local Place Plans

Introduced by section 15A

Preparation of local place plans

  1. A community body may prepare a local place plan
  2. A local place plan is a proposal as to the development or use of land
  3. It may also identify land and buildings that the community body considers to be of particular significance to the local area.

Planning circular 1/22 (extract)

4. Local Place Plans are community-led plans setting out proposals for the development and use of land. Introduced by the 2019 Act, these plans will set out a community’s aspirations for its future development. Once completed and then registered by the planning authority, they are to be taken into account in the preparation of the relevant local development plan.

61 of 81

The LPP must comply with:

  • NPF4
  • Local Development Plan
  • Locality plan
  • Regional Spatial Strategy

62 of 81

NPF 4 highlights the climate emergency and biodiversity crisis

63 of 81

Information gathering:�data/GIS mapping

64 of 81

65 of 81

Community engagement

66 of 81

Workshops

67 of 81

68 of 81

69 of 81

Underlying principles section of LPP

    • Nothing about us without us
    • Community wealth building
    • Everyone who takes value from our land returns value to it
    • Climate crisis
    • Biodiversity/Nature crisis

70 of 81

Template Local Place Plan

    • As well as the Dalry LPP, a template LPP has been created.
    • It has parish-wide Land Use considerations embedded in it, like Dalry’s.
    • It also amplifies (instead of duplicating or reinventing) the Community Action Plan.
    • GCAT has made this template available to all Glenkens Community Councils.
    • An additional package of support (my time!) is also available to advise and facilitate the process, using the D&G Council grant available for LPP creation.

71 of 81

  1. Q& A / Discussion / Next steps?

72 of 81

  1. Appendix slides for reference

(From a presentation of the Reports and Vision to Scottish Government, May 2024)

73 of 81

From the Glenkens Land Use Vision

We are a forested area, a farming area, an energy generation area.

We are a watery area, given life by our rivers and lochs.

Our natural environment is so special that we are part of the Galloway and Southern Ayrshire UNESCO Biosphere.

Our landscapes attract visitors from all over the world.

We are a peaty area and our soil stores some of Scotland’s best carbon.

It is our home, where we work, live and play.

74 of 81

Effective partnership working

Delivery of CAP priorities

CAP SG – community decision making

GDT – bring in the money!

GCAT – lead on delivery

Monthly meetings between Chairs to check in on CAP delivery through GCAT

GDT Chair and up to 3 GDT Trustees sit on CAP SG

Clear separation between GCAT (project delivery) and GDT (project funder)

75 of 81

Land Use Context

Overwhelmed by speed and intent of land use change in the area and by lack of power that we hold to effect change.

The disconnect between national and regional policy intent and what is actually happening in the Glenkens feels absolute.

Little opportunity for partnership working with developers, owners and managers

Market forces / outdated woodland strategy / inflexible forest grant scheme options mean cumulative impacts and habitat connectivity are not adequately assessed.

76 of 81

Land Use context

Land use developments in our area appear to be essentially extractive. Most profits and benefits are realised elsewhere, jobs are created elsewhere.

Community Wealth Building principles are not embedded or mandated. Therefore the impact of these developments on our communities is not a catalyst for more jobs, a circular local economy and thriving and sustainable communities.

Lack of community agency in decision making or governance.

Low awareness of and/or attention to Just Transition and LRRS principles by developers, owners and managers.

77 of 81

Dalry Parish – case study

36% of parish currently planted or consented for commercial planting (up from 26% a decade ago). More plans in pipeline.

Issues concerning private water supplies

Grazing lands change hands, hedgerows pulled out.

Waterside Hill, a treasured landscape - difficult to engage with manager and owner.

Off-market land sales

78 of 81

Land Use Forum – Policy and Strategy Alignment

RES

RLUP & RLUF

Natural Capital Innovation Zone

D&G Woodland Strategy

D&G LBAP

Local Government Reform

NSET

LRRS

Just Transition

Community Wealth Building

Land Reform

Scottish Forest Strategy

ARCB

Glenkens Land Use Network

Glenkens Land Use Map

Local Place Plans

Glenkens Community Action Plan

Local

National

Regional

79 of 81

Next steps for us

  • Seek funding for the Network Convenor role.
  • Share learnings from and promote engagement with the Reports.
  • Formalise Land Use stakeholder group as a Community Action Plan sub-group.
  • Continue to create LPPs that amplify community concerns and link to the Glenkens Community Action Plan.
  • Continue to build advocacy for rural communities.
  • Continue working for improved outcomes on current development proposals.

80 of 81

Opportunities & Challenges

Opportunities:

  • Innovative private/public/community partnerships.
  • Testing zone for new policies and ideas - pilot schemes designed for replicability.
  • Linking national and regional strategic outcomes to direct delivery on the ground.
  • High-capacity community offering excellent value for money!

Challenges:

  • Sectoral lobbying for status quo
  • Lack of flexibility and responsiveness within grant and subsidy schemes.
  • No resources within the Glenkens to progress this at present.

81 of 81

Further information