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Badges, bundling, and blockchain:

the importance of human-scale technologies

Dr. Doug Belshaw

Badge Summit, 24th June 2016

v1.0

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Tweet-sized overview

The #OpenBadges ecosystem is a human-scale way to credential knowledge, skills, & behaviours using extensible web technologies #badgesummit

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Who are you?

Teacher → Senior Leader → Jisc → Mozilla → Consultant

Dr. Doug Belshaw

@dajbelshaw

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Contents

0. Human-scale?

  1. What we talk about when we talk about ‘badges’
  2. Bundling and unbundling: who? why? how?
  3. Blockchain: an answer looking for a question
  4. Final thoughts
  5. Q&A

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0. Human-scale?�

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Open Badges is an ecosystem by humans, for humans

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CREDENTIALS ARE IMPORTANT AT MOMENTS OF

TRANSITION

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K5

K12

College

graduation

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  1. What we talk about when we talk about ‘badges’�

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How the Open Badges Infrastructure works in practice

(taken from the upcoming refresh of the Badge Alliance website)

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Important points to note about Open Badges (1)

  • Open Badges are not controlled by any one organisation. The technology that underpins the whole system (the Open Badges Infrastructure, or OBI) is a free, open-source and run for the world wide community.
  • Open Badges are evidence-based. The information about who, why, and for what the badge was issued is hard-coded into it as metadata.
  • Open Badges are stackable. Badges from one organisation’s system can build upon ones from another system. This creates a rich ecosystem that individuals can use to build the story of their skills, knowledge, and experience.

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Important points to note about Open Badges (2)

  • Open Badges are transferable. Badges earned in one environment can be shared in another. Although Mozilla’s badge backpack is often used as the default place to send badges, they can be stored anywhere — including on your own computer, if you prefer.
  • Open Badges put the user in control. Badges are private until they are published by the user. They provide an easy way to show a portfolio of skills without third parties having to wade through a mountain of data.

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+

=

individuals and organisations around the world

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The (non-profit) Badge Alliance’s constellation model

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Director: Nate Otto

Steering Committee:

  • Rob Abel (CEO, IMS Global)
  • Mark Surman (Executive Director, Mozilla Foundation)
  • Connie Yowell (Director of Education, MacArthur Foundation)

Founding members

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2. Bundling and unbundling:

who? why? how?�

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Unbundling is a neologism to describe how the ubiquity of mobile devices, Internet connectivity, consumer web technologies, social media and information access in the 21st century is affecting older institutions (education, broadcasting, newspapers, games, shopping, etc.) by "break[ing] up the packages they once offered, providing particular parts of them at a scale and cost unmatchable by the old order." Unbundling has been called "the great disruptor".”

(Wikipedia)

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(image taken from EDUCAUSEreview article Data, Technology, and the Great Unbundling of Higher Education)

Unbundling education? (who? why?)

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Image CC BY-SA Alan Chia

UNBUNDLED

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RE-BUNDLED

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“Any eLearning tool, no matter how openly designed, will eventually become indistinguishable from a Learning Management System once a threshold of supported use-cases has been reached.”

(D’Arcy Norman)

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Microsoft Classroom

Apple Classroom

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Open systems are open. For people used to dealing with institutions that go out of their way to hide their flaws, this makes these systems look terrible at first.”

(Clay Shirky)

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3. Blockchain: an answer

looking for a question�

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(remix of an original cartoon about Cloud computing by Scott Adams, discovered via this blog post)

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Distributed ledgers, simplified by the Wall Street Journal

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“While we wouldn’t want to entirely remove the “human” element around credentialing, a hybrid OBI [Open Badges Infrastructure] and blockchain approach could add value to our current system. Machines and software are extremely good at fact-checking, whereas humans are good at meaning. We need both.

(Peering Deep into the Future of Educational Credentialing)

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Learning is Earning 2026

(a.k.a. the opposite of everything I stand for)

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ONE PROBLEM WITH BLOCKCHAIN-BASED CREDENTIALING SYSTEMS IS THAT THEY MAY ENCOURAGE EVER-MORE

HIGH STAKES

TESTING AND ASSESSMENT REGIMES

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TRUST

Less

More

Machine

Human

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+schools, colleges...

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“Some people choose to broadcast their academic history (e.g., display it on LinkedIn), others prefer to disclose it only when needed. We aim to give the learner similar flexibility when using digital credentials. When a learner chooses to share a certificate with a potential employer, only the contents of the specific certificate is shared. It is possible to search the blockchain for other certificates that the learner may have received, but the content of these certificates will be encrypted. There are shortcomings to this design. For example, if an issuer only issues one type of certificate it is possible to search for all transactions this issuer has made on the blockchain, and deduce who else may have received them. That is why we are working on a fundamental technical change moving from version 1 to 2, to make traceability much harder.”

(MIT Media Lab)

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(I’ve become skeptical, but if anyone can do badges + blockchain in a learner-friendly way, these guys can!)

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4. Final thoughts

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“The world of credentialing is evolving. Degrees have long been considered the basic unit of educational currency. But it appears that we’re experiencing an accelerating shift away from the gold standard of degrees and toward a more inclusive credentialing world that embraces badges, microcredentials and nanodegrees and is based on a market-driven floating exchange rate.”

(Carla Casilli)

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Get in touch!

Twitter: @dajbelshaw

Email: doug@weareopen.coop

Slides: https://goo.gl/1cJKnI

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5. Q&A

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[SPARE SLIDES]

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openbadgefactory.com

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openbadgeacademy.com

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Moodle

Conquerer

(Gold)

Example 1: Borders College

Moodle

Adventurer

(Silver)

Moodle

Explorer

(Bronze)

CPD

badge

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Example 2: Open Research Badges

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Example 3: City & Guilds

“By using the Mozilla Open Badge framework, TechBac rewards learners who demonstrate their skills and competencies in the form of digital badges.

These badges can be easily transported and shared via social media or collected into the learner’s online CV builder.”

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Path of Exile

skill tree