Introduction to Energy�

Lensa Iklim climate training series

​

​

​

Gary W. Theseira

​

A Klima Action Malaysia (KAMY) initiative supported by the European Climate Foundation (ECF)

• International development goals for 2015.
• Adopted at the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000
• Commitments by all 191 United Nations member states at that time, and at least 22 international organizations to achieve the MDGs by 2015.
• Concrete targets and indicators for poverty reduction in order to achieve the rights set forth in the Declaration.
• Three areas: human capital, infrastructure and human rights (social, economic and political), with the intent of improving living standards.
• Primarily applicable to developing countries
• Eight goals with 21 targets and a series of measurable health indicators and economic indicators for each target.

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

• Replace the MDGS as the new UN Development Goals for 2030
• Adopted by 193 countries of United Nations General Assembly on 25th September 2015
• Officially - “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”.
• Built on the principle agreed upon under resolution, “The Future We Want”.
• 17 goals and 169 targets and it covers multiple aspects of growth and development.
• Greater detail and specificity
• More comprehensive
• Systems approach
• Include enabling environment

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Text box 1

Text box 2

​

Mainstreaming renewable energy technologies

Policies need to evolve quickly to drive RE deployment

Rapid evolution reflects many factors

• Changing market conditions,
• Technical and socioeconomic hurdles
• Just transition

​

Use of auctions increasing

Allows policy makers to:

• procure renewable electricity cost-effectively
• Fulfil country-specific social and economic goals

​

Transformative policy deployment, enablement, and integration

Trade-off – achieving the lowest price and meeting other objectives

• Winner selection criteria
• Limits on project size
• Qualification requirements

Objectives:

• Include small and new players,
• Foster the development of local industries
• Create local jobs
• Contribute to subnational development
• Engage communities

Part of a broader policy framework

More just and inclusive energy transition

Renewables deployment as a catalyst of inclusive and sustainable development

(IRENA, IEA, REN21, 2018)

The Global Multilateral Response to Climate Change

Decisions on International Cooperation

• Transition of the CDM
• Successor to the Executive Board
• Transition of ongoing projects
• Carryover of CDM credits
• Levies on transactions

​

Decisions on Enhanced Transparency

• Reporting progress towards NDCs
• Reporting Actions under the Transparency Mechanism
• Reporting Support under the Transparency Mechanism

Non-Binding Declarations

• Glasgow Leaders Declaration on Forests and Land Use
• Global Methane Pledge
• Establishment of the International Standards Sustainability Board (ISSB)

COP-26 Outcomes

‘Extreme’ relative to local context

​

Vary in intensity, duration and coverage

​

Occur both as excesses and deficits

​

• Storms
• Thunderstorms
• Lightning storms
• Hailstorms
• Snowstorms
• Ice storms
• Tornadoes and waterspouts
• Tropical storms

​

• Heatwaves

​

• Droughts

​

• Floods

Climate Change Impacts: Extreme weather events

Slow onset events

• Sea level rise
• Increasing temperatures
• Ocean acidification
• Glacial retreat and related impacts
• Salinization
• Land and forest degradation
• Loss of biodiversity
• Desertification

Climate Change Impacts: Cascade of inter-related Events

8 JULY – KILLER HEATWAVE

More than 130 people were killed across US in ‘black swan’ heatwave that’s been called a ‘mass casualty event’

16 JULY – HELL ON EARTH

Germany floods – Deadliest floods in decades kills 106 as victims wiped out when wall of water triggered landslide

12 JULY – SOAK IT UP 

UK weather – Flash floods hit London & South as thunderstorms dump a month’s rain in ONE HOUR but 27C heatwave is on way

2021 as Case in Point

11 JULY – KILLER SKY Thirty killed after lightning storm sweeps across India as buildings collapse and trees sent crashing to the ground

23 JULY – TURKEY Hundreds Evacuate Dramatic Floods in Rize and Artvin Provinces landslide

21 JULY - CHINA FLOODING: Military blasts dam to divert flood water amid rescue for 1.2 million displaced

2021 as Case in Point

Text box 1

Text box 2

​

Text box 1

Text box 2

​

Opportunities

Opportunities

Opportunities

ESG – Environmental

• use of renewable energy sources
• waste management program
• air or water pollution arising from its operations
• deforestation issues
• attitude and actions around climate change issues.

​

ESG – Social

• Fair pay
• Retirement Plans
• Benefits, Including Education and Training
• Workplace policies regarding diversity, inclusion
• Prevention of sexual harassment
• Employee engagement with management/customers

ESG – Governance

• Quality of management by those in leadership
• Attention to the interests of:
• Employees/Suppliers/Shareholders/Customers
• Giving back to the community where it is located
• Financial and accounting transparency

Interrelationship between ESG and the SDGs

Integrated economic-planetary boundaries model

Changes in planetary pressures resulting from a one percentage point increase in the carbon tax.

Enabling Ecosystem for the Energy Transition

• Institutional, Legislative and Policy Frameworks
• Updated Enforcement an Regulatory Frameworks
• Prioritised Financing Options
• Private/Commercial Financing
• Public Financing
• Enabling Physical and ICT Infrastructure
• Ancillary Consultancy Services (Administrative, Legal, Standards, Monitoring and Verification/Certification)
• Established commissions/sub-committees/task forces to address barriers and inadequacies

Terima kasih

Thank you

​

Questions/Comments?

Dr. Gary William Theseira

gary@klimanomica.com

+6012 2058454