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The Radical Cataloging of Queer Zines

Brett Bishop-Pullan, Hanna Pennington, Vella Voynova - INFO 653-02, Fall 2019

Cataloging Zines

Zines are challenging to catalog and make accessible. They are published inconsistently, creators use various names, and LCSH do not always apply to their diverse and personal content.

What are zines?

Zines are DIY self-published magazines that allow their creators to express their views and experiences without conforming to mainstream media standards. In the 1980s and 90s, zines were integral to the development of queercore culture.

Queer Zine Archive Project (QZAP) was founded in 2003. QZAP’s physical archive in Milwaukee, WI contains over 2500 zines. QZAP’s open access online archive of digitized zines contains over 600 queer zines.

xZINECOREx is a metadata schema for cataloging zines that was developed by QZAP and other zine librarians. xZINECOREx is based on Dublin Core, but customized for the specific needs of zine catalogers.

Image Sources: QZAP Facebook; Barnard Zine Library Facebook; Autostraddle.com

Radical cataloging allows librarians to showcase queer zines’ cultural and historical value and to make them more accessible and discoverable for patrons.

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teachingtolerance.com

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Radical Cataloging

Critique and adaptation of cataloging practices and methodologies to give voice to people and concepts that are under/misrepresented or difficult to access through subject searches.

  • Pioneered by Sandy Berman in the late 60’s and early 70’s
    • Focused on changing oppressive terminology
  • Continued today by Emily Drabinski, Hope Olson and K.R. Roberto
    • Focused on the structural issues inherent to classification
  • Advancements have been made but progress is slow.The catalog remains:
    • Anglo-focused
    • Sexist and Gender Normative
    • Classist
    • Heteronormative

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Library Bill of Rights

I. Books and other library resources should be provided for the interest, information, and enlightenment of all people of the community the library serves. Materials should not be excluded because of the origin, background, or views of those contributing to their creation.

II. Libraries should provide materials and information presenting all points of view on current and historical issues. Materials should not be proscribed or removed because of partisan or doctrinal disapproval.

III. Libraries should challenge censorship in the fulfillment of their responsibility to provide information and enlightenment.

IV. Libraries should cooperate with all persons and groups concerned with resisting abridgment of free expression and free access to ideas.

V. A person’s right to use a library should not be denied or abridged because of origin, age, background, or views.

VI. Libraries which make exhibit spaces and meeting rooms available to the public they serve should make such facilities available on an equitable basis, regardless of the beliefs or affiliations of individuals or groups requesting their use.

VII. All people, regardless of origin, age, background, or views, possess a right to privacy and confidentiality in their library use. Libraries should advocate for, educate about, and protect people’s privacy, safeguarding all library use data, including personally identifiable information.

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Classification

Thesaurus Problems:

  • Outdated and oppressive terminology in controlled vocabularies and subject headings
  • Reliance on LCSH
  • “Correct Language” changes over time

Structural Problems:

  • Hierarchies of sameness: the power give to the “first term” or single aspect, assigns context and value to a person or thing
  • Permanency: Once something is cataloged, it is rarely moved

The backbone of the library, reflects cultural and social power structures and personal biases of the people creating, amending and using these systems.

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Radical Cataloging Practices

  • Advocating for changes to the LCSH
  • Skepticism of existing bibliographic records and cataloging practices
    • Conscious copy cataloging
  • Local classification
  • Technological innovation
  • Teaching the radical catalog

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To serial or to monograph?

  • Zines blur the line between serials and monographs.
    • How consistently are they published?
    • Is the title constant from issue to issue?
    • Is the subject matter consistent?
    • If a monograph, does each issue have a different subtitle?
    • Split zines: multiple titles in a single zine
  • Jenna Freedman and Heidy Berthoud: cataloger’s judgment!
    • Check OCLC to see if any copy cataloging already exists. Follow existing copy unless you strongly disagree.
    • If item can be described via content notes, consider monograph.
    • If split zine, consider monograph.
    • What makes more sense for discoverability at your institution?

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Do zines have authority records?

Zinesters write anonymously, under any name, first name only, more than one name, or even several versions of a name within a single issue.

  • What goes in the 100 field as a preferred access point?
    • Create new access points and be consistent.
    • Privilege zinesters’ privacy, even if it means breaking cataloging rules.
    • Refrain from recording more personal information than required under the rules of the authority file.
    • Keep track of pronouns.

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Copyright

How does the zinester intend the zine to be read and distributed?

  • Record in 542 Information Relating to Copyright Status Note
    • 542 bb |f Anti-copyright. This zine may be freely pirated and quoted for non-commercial purposes.

Provenance

  • A serial can have multiple provenance notes
  • Record in 500 notes or 541 Immediate Source of Acquisition Note, if visible to patrons
    • 500 bb Nos. 2–4 purchased from the author via Etsy in 2016.

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Genre

Zines can be political, personal, intimate, compilations, split, tools for activists, culture and community specific, etc.

  • 655 field with heading “Zines” allows patrons to pull every zine title.
    • 655 _0 ǂa Zines.

655 _7 ǂa Political zines. ǂ2 local

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Subject Headings

Zines use slang and deal with issues like race, gender, and sexuality in an intimate way, which is not always served by LCSH.

  • Anchor Archive Thesaurus is an alternative source for controlled terms
    • “Ableism”, “white privilege”
    • “Sizeism” versus “physical-appearance-based-bias”
  • Catalogers can create local subject headings
  • Best if subject headings are specific and compatible with patrons’ vernacular
  • AAT and local headings would go in 650 b7, with /2 local subfield
    • 650 07 Ableism. |2 local
  • Zine Librarian Code of Ethics: seek direct feedback from patrons

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Summaries

The personal character and vernacular language of zines means summaries and keywords have enhance subject headings when authorized access terms are inadequate.

  • Some zines deal with sensitive topics and come with trigger warnings.
    • Trigger warning and relevant keywords can be included in the summary
  • Summaries for serials is on a case-by-case basis.
    • Describe serial content across issues
    • List each issue and its own description separately

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Classification

How do we classify zines without forcing interdisciplinary and intersectional materials into subject categories?

  • Store serial issues together, using title as preferred access point
  • Zines by same creator should be placed together
  • Barnard and Vassar use Cutter numbers based on creator, if known, or title, if creator is unknown

Accessibility

Above all, zine librarians want to make zines accessible to patrons.

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Library of Congress Subject Heading Authority file.

https://authorities.loc.gov/

LGBT Pride library display.

Photo by Antonia Green.

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Queering the Catalog - Emily Drabinski

“Engaging queer theory and library classification and cataloging together requires new ways of thinking about how to be ethically and politically engaged on behalf of marginal knowledge formations and identities who quite reasonably expect to be able to locate themselves in the library” (Drabinski, 2013, p. 94).

emilydrabinski.com

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Queer Zine Archive Project

Queer Zine Archive Project (QZAP)

digitized zine archive.

archive.qzap.org.

Milo Miller, co-founder of QZAP with Chris Wilde. Photo by Chris Kohley.

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xZINECOREx

xZINECOREx Record.

Comparison of Dublin Core and xZINECOREx fields.

Images from xZINECOREx: An Introduction by Milo Miller.

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Zine Union Catalog - zinecat.org

Images: zinecat.org

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Queer Zines

the Most Radical of Cataloging

Cataloging Queer Zines encompasses many practices of Radical Cataloging. It reconciles the two perspectives on the problems of modern classification by addressing the issues of terminology and identity in controlled vocabularies while incorporating the idea, borrowed from queer theory, that language can ever be fully corrected by creating and adapting new and existing classification structures.