1 of 34

Figure 10.1

(a)

(b)

(e)

(d)

(g)

(f)

(c)

Circular

(orbicularis oris)

(b) Convergent

(pectoralis major)

(c) Parallel

(sartorius)

(d) Unipennate

(extensor

digitorum

longus)

(f) Fusiform

(biceps brachii)

(g) Multipennate

(deltoid)

(e) Bipennate

(rectus femoris)

2 of 34

Fig. 11.1a

3 of 34

Fig. 11.1b

4 of 34

The Muscular System

11-4

Figure 11.1

5 of 34

Figure 10.4

Shoulder

Arm

Forearm

Pelvis/thigh

Thigh

Leg

Head

Facial

Neck

Thorax

Abdomen

Thigh

Leg

Trapezius

Deltoid

Triceps brachii

Biceps brachii

Brachialis

Pronator teres

Brachioradialis

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus

Iliopsoas

Pectineus

Rectus femoris

Vastus lateralis

Vastus medialis

Fibularis longus

Extensor digitorum longus

Tibialis anterior

Temporalis

Epicranius, frontal belly

Orbicularis oculi

Zygomaticus

Orbicularis oris

Sternohyoid

Sternocleidomastoid

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anterior

Intercostals

External oblique

Rectus abdominis

Internal oblique

Transversus abdominis

Sartorius

Tensor fasciae latae

Adductor longus

Gracilis

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Masseter

Platysma

6 of 34

Figure 10.5

Arm

Triceps brachii

Brachialis

Forearm

Brachioradialis

Extensor carpi

ulnaris

Extensor digitorum

Iliotibial tract

Leg

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Fibularis longus

Neck

Epicranius, occipital belly

Sternocleidomastoid

Trapezius

Shoulder

Hip

Gluteus medius

Gluteus maximus

Thigh

Biceps femoris

Adductor magnus

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

Latissimus dorsi

Rhomboid major

Infraspinatus

Deltoid

Teres major

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Extensor carpi

radialis longus

Calcaneal

(Achilles) tendon

Hamstrings:

7 of 34

Figure 10.6

Corrugator

supercilii

Orbicularis oculi

Levator labii

superioris

Zygomaticus

minor and major

Buccinator

Risorius

Orbicularis oris

Mentalis

Depressor

labii inferioris

Depressor anguli oris

Platysma

Galea

aponeurotica

Frontal belly

Occipital

belly

Temporalis

Masseter

Sternocleidomastoid

Trapezius

Splenius capitis

Epicranius

8 of 34

Muscles of the Back

11-8

  • Erector spinae straightens spine

Figure 11.13

9 of 34

Muscles of the Anterior Abdominal Wall, continued

11-9

Figure 11.12

10 of 34

Fig. 11.11

11 of 34

Figure 10.11a

Transversus abdominis

Internal oblique

External oblique

Aponeurosis of the

external oblique

(a)

Pectoralis major

Linea alba

Tendinous

intersection

Rectus

abdominis

Inguinal ligament

(formed by free

inferior border of

the external oblique

aponeurosis)

Serratus anterior

12 of 34

PLAY

A&P Flix™: Muscles that act on the shoulder joint� and humerus: An overview (b)

Figure 10.13a

Subclavius

Clavicle

Subscapularis

Pectoralis minor

Coracobrachialis

Serratus anterior

Humerus

Sternocleido-

mastoid

Deltoid

Pectoralis

major

Sternum

Biceps brachii

(a)

13 of 34

Fig. 11.13

14 of 34

Figure 10.13c

Trapezius

(c)

Levator

scapulae

Supraspinatus

Clavicle

Spine of

scapula

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Humerus

Deltoid

Teres major

Latissimus

dorsi

Rhomboid

minor

Rhomboid

major

15 of 34

Table 11.7c

16 of 34

Fig. 11.15

17 of 34

Fig. 12.3

18 of 34

Muscles Acting on the Arm, continued

12-18

  • Teres major extends and medially rotates humerus

  • Latissimus dorsi adducts, extends, and medially rotates humerus

Figure 12.3

19 of 34

Figure 10.14b

Supraspinatus*

Spine of scapula

(b) Posterior view

Deltoid (cut)

Greater tubercle

of humerus

Infraspinatus*

Teres minor*

Teres major

Triceps brachii:

Latissimus dorsi

Humerus

Olecranon process

of ulna

Lateral head

Long head

Anconeus

* Rotator cuff muscles

20 of 34

Figure 10.17a

PLAY

A&P Flix™: Movement at the elbow joint

Triceps

brachii

Lateral

head

Humerus

Long

head

Medial

head

(a)

Brachialis

Short head

Long head

(a) Muscles of the arm

Extensors

Flexors

Others

Posterior

compartment

of arm (extends

elbow); innervation:

radial nerve

Biceps brachii

Anterior compartment

of arm (flexes elbow);

innervation:

musculocutaneous

nerve

21 of 34

Muscles Acting on the Wrist �and Hand (Anterior)

12-21

  • Anterior compartment muscles flex the wrist (carpus), fingers (digits), and thumb (pollex)

Figure 12.8

22 of 34

Figure 10.15a

Biceps brachii

Tendon of biceps brachii

Pronator teres

Brachioradialis

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Flexor pollicis longus

Pronator quadratus

Flexor retinaculum

Medial head of

triceps brachii

Medial epicondyle

of humerus

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmar aponeurosis

Superficial transverse

ligament of palm

Palmaris longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexor digitorum

superficialis

(a)

23 of 34

Tendon of biceps

brachii (cut)

Flexor digitorum

superficialis

Supinator

Extensor carpi

radialis longus

Tendon of flexor

carpi ulnaris (cut)

Tendon of flexor

carpi radialis (cut)

Tendon of

brachioradialis (cut)

Tendon of flexor

digitorum superficialis

(b)

Flexor pollicis longus

Pronator quadratus

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

24 of 34

Figure 10.15c

Supinator

Tendon of flexor

carpi ulnaris (cut)

Tendon of flexor

digitorum profundus

Flexor pollicis longus

Thenar muscles of thumb

Tendon of flexor

pollicis longus

Lumbricals

Tendon of flexor digitorum

superficialis (cut)

Pronator quadratus

Flexor digitorum

profundus

(c)

25 of 34

Muscles Acting on the Wrist �and Hand (Posterior)

12-25

  • Posterior compartment muscles extend the wrist, fingers, and thumb

Figure 12.8

26 of 34

Figure 10.16a

Insertion of

triceps brachii

Anconeus

Flexor carpi

ulnaris

Extensor carpi

ulnaris

Extensor digiti

minimi

Extensor indicis

Tendons of extensor carpi

radialis brevis and longus

Extensor

expansion

(a)

Extensor pollicis

longus

Extensor pollicis

brevis

Abductor

pollicis longus

Extensor digitorum

Extensor carpi

radialis brevis

Extensor carpi

radialis longus

Brachioradialis

Tendons of

extensor

digitorum

27 of 34

Figure 10.16b

Olecranon process of ulna

Interossei

Anconeus

Supinator

Abductor pollicis longus

Extensor pollicis longus

Extensor pollicis brevis

Extensor indicis

(b)

28 of 34

Figure 10.19a

Psoas minor

Iliac crest

Psoas major

Iliopsoas

12th rib

Quadratus lumborum

Iliacus

Anterior superior iliac spine

Tensor fasciae latae

Pectineus

Sartorius

Quadriceps femoris

• Rectus femoris

• Vastus lateralis

• Vastus medialis

(a)

Adductor magnus

Patella

Patellar ligament

Tendon of quadriceps femoris

12th thoracic vertebra

5th lumbar vertebra

Adductor longus

Gracilis

29 of 34

Fig. 12.13

30 of 34

Figure 10.20a

Gluteus medius

Gluteus maximus

Adductor magnus

Gracilis

Iliotibial tract

Long head

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

Short head

Biceps

femoris

Hamstrings

(a)

31 of 34

Fig. 12.15

32 of 34

Figure 10.22a

Patella

Head of fibula

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Fibularis longus

Extensor digitorum longus

Tibialis anterior

Fibularis brevis

Flexor hallucis longus

Fibular retinaculum

Lateral malleolus

Superior and inferior extensor

retinacula

5th metatarsal

(a)

33 of 34

Figure 10.23a

Gastrocnemius

Plantaris

Medial head

Lateral head

Tendon of

gastrocnemius

Calcaneal tendon

Medial malleolus

Lateral malleolus

Calcaneus

(a) Superficial view of the posterior leg.

34 of 34

Figure 10.23c

Gastrocnemius

medial head (cut)

Flexor digitorum

longus

Tendon of tibialis

posterior

Medial malleolus

Calcaneal tendon (cut)

Calcaneus

Fibularis brevis

Flexor hallucis longus

Fibularis longus

Fibula

Tibialis posterior

Soleus (cut)

Popliteus

Gastrocnemius

lateral head (cut)

Plantaris (cut)

(c) The triceps surae has been removed to show the

deep muscles of the posterior compartment.