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Towards Openness that Promotes Social Justice

Maha Bali, PhD @bali_maha

Center for Learning & Teaching, American University in Cairo,

Virtually Connecting & Equity Unbound

ONL March 30 & October 19 2022

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السلام عليكم.

How are you feeling today? [type in chat]

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Where in the world do you belong? Use “star” to indicate where you are now, and “heart” to indicate places you love

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These slides are available for commenting at:

https://bit.ly/ONL22bali

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What’s happening today?

  1. Chatterfall
  2. Cupcake story
  3. TRIZ
  4. Previous & new: Infusing social justice throughout OEP
  5. Applying “Intentionally Equitable Hospitality” to design for social justice
  6. Spiral Journal

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What nourishes you lately?

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“Building community is to the collective as spiritual practice is to the individual” - adrienne marie brown, Emergent Strategy

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Why is openness important for you?

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“Are you actively practicing generosity and vulnerability in order to make the connections between you and others clear, open, available, durable? Generosity here means giving of what you have without strings or expectations attached. Vulnerability means showing your needs”.

I think open education is about a lot of this – and also

“interdependence is not about the equality of offers in real time” (adrienne maree brown)

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What is a recent “open” project you were recently involved in?

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Cupcake story

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Even though openness is about more than “permissions”, it is important for us to know how creators intend for their work to be (re)used

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Catherine Cronin (2017) says that openness is

  • contextual
  • personal and
  • continually negotiated

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Egyptian educator & author Taha Hussein: “Knowledge is like water & air”

“العلم كالماء و الهواء”

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In what ways is “open education” like water (or should be)?

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How do you understand OEP? Examples?

(another slightly less encompassing term is

Open Pedagogy)

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#SelfOER - Suzan Koseoglu & me (2016)

  • Openness as an attitude or worldview beyond technical definitions of openness such as open access and such
  • Characteristics of open selves
    • Editable person (inward openness for change based on interaction with others)
    • Narrating practice (sharing processes)
    • Making ourselves vulnerable
    • Negotiation of knowledge (not just polished products)

http://www.chronicle.com/blogs/profhacker/self-as-oer-selfoer/62679

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Reflections & Re-thinking....

  • Suzan and I considered two changes to our original model
    • Rename to open self (remove OER term)
    • Focus also on connections and community aspects and not self and identity as separate from social aspects

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“Open educational practices (OEP) is a broad descriptor of practices that include the creation, use, and reuse of open educational resources (OER) as well as open pedagogies and open sharing of teaching practices.”

Catherine Cronin

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“[O]pen educational practices (OEP) that undergird… OER… are: individual or collaborative conceptualisation; creation, curation (retention), circulation (distribution) of OER through practices such as open pedagogies; crowdsourcing; and open peer review using open technologies so that they can be easily located to encourage copying (re-use “as-is”), adaptation, re-curation and re-circulation.”

Hodgkinson-Williams & Trotter

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Open Pedagogy

“...an access-oriented commitment to learner-driven education and a process of designing architectures and using tools for learning that enable students to shape the public knowledge commons of which they are a part.”

DeRosa & Jhangiani

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“Open Education is the development of free digitally enabled learning materials and experiences primarily by and for the benefit and empowerment of non-privileged learners who may be under- represented in education systems or marginalised in their global context.”

Sarah Lambert

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OneHE/Equity Unbound

Community-

building Resources

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Scenarios - how can we move towards MORE social justice in this context?

  1. Wikipedia editing assignment
  2. Creating open textbook
  3. Collaborative annotation
  4. Another open education project???

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Modified TRIZ (a liberating structure - working backwards to solve complex problems)

If our goal is to create open education projects that challenge, resist or redress social injustice… convert to an anti-goal

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Modified TRIZ (a liberating structure - working backwards to solve complex problems)

  • How can we design an open education project so that it reproduces oppression and inequity?
  • Think about REAL open education projects that have elements of some of what folks have said here
  • What changes can you make in your own open educational practices to avoid reproducing oppression?
  • What kind of support do you/your team need to “do better”?

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Challenge the inherent “goodness” of open:

  • When can it be useful closed?
  • Can opening it be NOT useful or harmful?

Image from Tweet. First seen in AMICAL keynote by Regina Gong

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Previous model…

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Content centric Process centric

Teacher centric Learner centric

Pedagogical Social justice

Icons by Freepik with Flaticon Basic license

(Not in our paper: Cognitive, Behavioral, Affective)

(Economic, Cultural, Political;

Transformative, Ameliorative, Neutral, Negative)

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Nancy Fraser’s framework (2005)

  • Economic injustice: giving access to those who could not otherwise access the learning experience, while leaving the experience unchanged – i.e. redistributing or restructuring
  • Cultural injustice: giving access to those who could not otherwise access the learning experience, while redesigning with those minorities in mind – i.e. recognizing or re-acculturating
  • Political injustice: going beyond giving access to those who could not otherwise access the learning experience; involving those normally without access in the redesign – i.e. emphasizing equitable representation and “parity of participation” or re-framing for parity of rights

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My thinking today:

We need to ask ourselves if we are infusing social justice throughout our purpose, process, people, product

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Infusing

social justice

Purpose

Product

Process

People

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Wikipedia - in what ways does it succeed/fail

at social justice?

Purpose

Product

Process

People

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Purpose

Product

Process

People

Focus on marginal voices, critical

perspectives on open

Challenge academic gatekeeping

With non-peer-

reviewed

pieces

Transparent,

centering

marginal

voices,

agency,

recognizing

partiality

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From Open at the Margins intro

When we think this question “who appears?” we are asked a question about how spaces are occupied by certain bodies who get so used to their occupation that they don’t even notice it… To question who appears is to become the cause of discomfort. It is almost as if we have a duty not to notice who turns up and who doesn’t” – Sara Ahmed

People

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Infusing

social justice

Purpose

  • Is social justice central to your purpose? Secondary?
  • Which dimensions of social justice is your work meant to address? (economic, cultural, political… sexism, racism, etc.?)
  • What level of redressing justice are you able to work on? Institutional, interpersonal, etc.?

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Infusing

social justice

Purpose

Process

  • In what ways does your process center social justice?
  • In what ways might your process reproduce oppression or create new oppressions?

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“Intentional adaptation” in process

“Less prep, more presence”

(adrienne maree brown, Emergent Strategy)

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Inequity

No Care

Care

Equity

SOCIALLY JUST

CARE

CONTRACTUAL

EQUITY

SYSTEMIC INJUSTICE

PARTIAL

CARE

Bali & Zamora (in press). Equity/Care Matrix: Theory & Practice. Italian Journal of Educational Technology

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Infusing

social justice

Purpose

Process

People

  • Who is involved in the process? Are they those furthest from justice? Are they the ones who will benefit from the work?
  • Whose culture is prioritized and respected?
  • How is community built equitably across differences?

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Epistemic listening is key

We [the minorities] and you [the dominant] do not talk the same language. When we talk to you we use your language: the language of your experience and of your theories. We try to use it to communicate our world of experience. But since your language and your theories are inadequate in expressing our experiences, we only succeed in communicating our experience of exclusion. We cannot talk to you in our language because you do not understand it. (p. 575 in Lugones & Spelman, 1983)

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Infusing

social justice

Purpose

Product

Process

People

  • Whom does your product serve? Who is privileged or disadvantaged by it?
  • How might your product redress or reproduce injustice?

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Intentionally Equitable Hospitality

Bali, Caines, DeWaard, Hogue & Friedrich, 2019

Bali & Zamora, forthcoming

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Intentionally Equitable Hospitality to redress injustice

Phase

Examples

Pre-Design

Who is involved in the design?

Who is the funder and what are their impositions? How might they privilege certain groups over others?

Design

Does the design anticipate or respond to inequalities? Which oppressions does it redress? Which might it reproduce?

Facilitation

“Intentional adaptation” (brown) to new inequalities that arise in the moment, is “generous authority” used? (Priyar Parker)

Beyond the moment

How do you build inclusive/equitable community sustainably?

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Intentionally Equitable Hospitality: Vconnecting

Phase

Example

Pre-Design

Most people involved in the design are of a marginalized group and empowered to make choices over which events, which speakers, etc. BUT English

Design

Lowest-bandwidth possible tech within our ability; free to join; choosing diverse speakers, welcoming anyone in audience BUT some countries don’t have YouTube

Facilitation

IEH - prioritize voices of those farthest from justice; “Intentional adaptation” to interpersonal oppression in the moment BUT invisible marginalities

Beyond the moment

Building inclusive/equitable community - BUT Twitter not enough

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Spiral Journal (LS in development)Calmly prepare for the work ahead while sharpening observational precision. �Inspired by Lynda Barry

Slide theme co-developed with my daughter, H. Fouad

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Draw a continuous spiral as slowly & tightly as possible

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Right now, I feel…

I joined this session in order to...

One thing I will do differently after this is...

I still need help with…

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Review your journal [1m]

Underline or circle anything that stands out in your journal

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Thank You!

Slides: https://bit.ly/ONL22bali

Email: bali@aucegypt.edu

Twitter: @bali_maha

Feedback: http://bit.ly/balikeynotes

(Some graphics by my daughter, H. Fouad)

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