Oleh:

Agus Prianto

Guru Besar Pendidikan Ekonomi

Universitas PGRI Jombang

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PKKMB-UPJB

2024

Berselancar….

Di Atas Gelombang Disrupsi:

Menjawab Tantangan Era Industri 4.0 dan Masyarakat 5.0

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Yang abadi dalam kehidupan: Change!

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Change is not a new issue! �Now: Faster, Bigger, Exponential Shifts..�Triggers Disruption!

Source: WEF (2016)

Pandemic Effect

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Industri 4.0 dan Society 5.0

• Industri 4.0, yang mengacu pada transformasi revolusi industri melalui otomatisasi, digitalisasi, dan integrasi data.
• Masyarakat 5.0 era dimana teknologi seperti kecerdasan buatan, Internet of Things, dan big data digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia dan menyelesaikan masalah sosial. Ini adalah perpaduan antara teknologi tinggi dan kepedulian terhadap nilai-nilai kemanusiaan.
• Society 5.0 menggunakan kecerdasan buatan dalam bidang kesehatan. Robot medis yang dilengkapi dengan AI dapat membantu dalam prosedur bedah yang rumit, meningkatkan akurasi dan mengurangi risiko.
• Society 5.0 mengintegrasikan teknologi ke dalam kehidupan dengan cara yang lebih cerdas, manusiawi, dan berkelanjutan.
• Inti society 5.0: pengunaan Internet of things (IoT).

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Society 5.0

Society 5.0: situasi kehidupan saat teknologi digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah sosial, meningkatkan kualitas hidup kita, dan membawa dampak positif pada masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Bagi generasi muda, ini adalah tantangan dan peluang untuk berperan aktif dalam mengarahkan perjalanan masa depan ini.

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DISRUPTION

• Disturbance or problems which interrupt an event, activity, or process (Travica,2019).
• Secara praktis, disrupsi adalah perubahan berbagai sektor akibat digitalisasi dan penggunaan Internet of Thing (IoT) (CNBC,2018).

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What is the impact of disruption?�(Liu, 2006; Heracleous, et al.,2017; Kasali,2017)

• More intense competitive rivalry.
• More intense “red queen”.
• Faster decision making, learning, and innovation.
• Faster industry lifecycles.
• Faster newness and obsolescence of knowledge.
• Greater risk of competency traps, success trap.
• Faster newness and obsolescence of organization.

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Technology advancements �driving change

• Declining costs of technology, increasing capabilities & computational power
• Explosion in data volumes and rapid advancements in automation and AI producing robotic devices
• Level of routine in tasks now determines a jobs vulnerability!! (Alpha Beta, 2017)

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Perhaps we should ask…

• How will automation change the way we do our jobs?
• Analysis of 20 billion work hours each year: over the past 15 years, workers reduced the amount of time spent on physical and routine tasks by 2 hours a week.

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Source: Alpha Beta, 2017

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AUTOMATION�(Source: αlpha βeta,2017)

• Improvements in communication technology, robotics, and machine intelligence has long been a source of anxiety for workers.
• AUTOMATION WILL CHANGE THE JOBS WE DO, BUT IT WILL MOSTLY CHANGE THE WAY WE DO OUR JOBS.
• By automation and digital technology, human work will become more human.
• By 2030, machines will likely take over 2 hours of our most repetitive manual job tasks per week.

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Amount of Leisure Time Spent�on Digital Screen�

Source: WEF (2017)

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Job Disruption

Change at the occupation level:

• Professional workers account for nearly a quarter of occupations.
• Machinery operators & drivers and laborers declined.
• If trend continues, ongoing demand for higher-level skills.

(Source: Cassells, et al., 2018)

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Job Vulnerability Level

Difficult to automate:

• Interpersonal task (assistant customer, assistant student, supervise others) creative & decision making task, Information synthesis (asses product, evaluate processes, design lesson plan).

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Automatable:

• Information analysis, predictable physical, routine (review document, monitor facilities, monitor environment, operate equipment, perform manual task, maintain hardware).

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Source: Alpha Beta, 2017

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Educational Challenges �in The New Era

Computational Thinking:

• Globally, 92% of future jobs will need digital skills and 45% of jobs will require workers who can configure and work confidently with digital systems and technology (McLean, A. (2018).
• The OECD highlighted that students entering schools in 2018 will face future challenges that can’t even be predicted today (OECD,2018).
• Access to digital skills is no longer perceived as a plus, 92% of future jobs globally will need digital skills (ZDNet,2018).
• School of the future: understand, apply in life (Alpha Beta,2017).

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Educational Challenges �in The New Era

Life Skills And Workforce Preparation:

• Higher levels of emotional intelligence are linked with better leadership and ability to cope with pressure (Saini, 2018).
• 91% of CEOs globally saying that they need to strengthen their organization’s soft skills to sit alongside digital skills (Richardson, 2018).

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Educational Challenges �in The New Era

Student-led Learning, Autonomous learning:

• With increasing recognition of the importance of transitioning students from school to the outside world, student autonomy has become a key (Alpha Beta, 2017).
• 65% of American educators say student-led learning is extremely valuable in developing 21st-century skills (Nureva,2016).
• 67% of people in Spain want schools to prioritize the teaching of creativity and independent thinking (Pew, 2017).
• Generasi sekarang perlu bekal substantif, tidak cukup bekal teknis.

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Educational Challenges �in The New Era

Emerging technologies:

• Emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Reality, and Augmented Reality are becoming more prevalent in people’s everyday lives.
• Schools are incorporating emerging technologies into the classroom to create more innovative and engaging teaching methods.
• Increasingly recognizing how tech can be used in the classroom to create exciting, engaging experiences (Richardson, 2018).
• 87% of UK teachers say that technology has a positive impact on educational outcomes (Tes,2018).
• 8 in 10 teachers in New Zealand say that digital technologies are having a positive impact on student achievement (Research New Zealand, 2017).
• 69% of U.S. teachers believe that technology can be used to support any subject (Tech & Learning, 2017).

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KETRAMPILAN YANG DIHARAPKAN DUNIA KERJA� Dalam Era Industri 4.0 dan Masyarakat 5.0�

• Communication
• Initiative
• Continues Learning
• Sensitivity and Understanding
• Professional Responsibility
• Intuition
• Political Awareness
• Willingness to learn from your mistakes

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The Core Skills in The New Era

• The ability to anticipate and prepare for future skills requirements, job content and the aggregate effect on employment is increasingly critical (WEF,2016).
• Literasi digital menjadi bagian kurikulum Pendidikan sejak dini (Richardson, 2018).
• Brains are more important than brawn! (Deloitte,2016)
• Jangan pertahankan keunggulan, cari keunggulan baru – self disruption!! (Workday,2016; Kasali, 2017).

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�����Catatan Akhir bagi Anda yang sedang berselancar dalam era disrupsi: �“Tidak ada yang lebih buruk selain sebagai individu, apa pun profesi Anda; hanya dengan kecakapan dan kecepatan yang biasa-biasa saja, sedangkan komputer, robot, dan teknologi digital lainnya memiliki kecakapan dan kecepatan yang luar biasa!!”�“The illiterate of the 21st Century will not be those who cannot read or write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn (….and you will be disrupted forever …)“

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Will Your Jobs Be Replaced �By Robots and AI?

• https://willrobotstakemyjob.com/
• http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-08/could-a-robot-do-your-job-artificial-intelligence/8782174

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Terima Kasih

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