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NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI

ENGLISH

CLASS X

Prepared by:

CINDU.S.NAIR

TGT ENGLISH

JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA

KODAGU

KARNATAKA

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  • Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, popularly known as K. A. Abbas, was an Indian film director, screenwriter, novelist, and a journalist in the Urdu, Hindi and English languages.

  • Born: 7 June 1914, Panipat
  • Died: 1 June 1987, Mumbai

  • Films: Awara (1951), Rahi (1953), Shree 420 (1955), Pardesi (1957) and Satta Bazar (1959)  Hamara Ghar (1964), Sapnon Ka Saudagar (1968), Saat Hindustani (1969), Mera Naam Joker (1970) and Bobby (1973) Dharti Ke Lal (1946), Aaj Aur Kal (1947), Char Dil Char Rahen (1959), Aasman Mahal (1965), and Do Boond Pani (1971). Some of these films ended up becoming the most iconic movies of Indian cinema.

  • Books: The world is My Village, The Thirteenth Victim, Distant Dream

  • Awards: He won National Film Awards for Shehar Aur Sapna (1963), Saat Hindustani (1969) and Do Boond Pani (1971). He was also awarded the Padma Shri by the Indian Government in 1969.

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  • Her name was Sulekha, but since her childhood everyone had been calling her Bholi, the simpleton. She was the fourth daughter of Numberdar Ramlal.
  • When she was ten months old, she had fallen off the cot on her head and perhaps it had damaged some part of her brain. That was why she remained a backward child and came to be known as Bholi, the simpleton.

BHOLI

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At birth, the child was very fair and pretty. But when she was two years old, she had an attack of small-pox. Only the eyes were saved, but the entire body was permanently disfigured by deep black pockmarks. Little Sulekha could not speak till she was five, and when at last she learnt to speak, she stammered. The other children often made fun of her and mimicked her. As a result, she talked very little.

When she was born, she was very fair and beautiful. But when the child was two years old, she caught smallpox which left spots on her whole body. Only her eyes were saved from it. She started speaking when she turned five and would often fumble. Other children made fun of her and copied her. This made her feel so bad that she stopped speaking.

STAMMER

POCK MARKS

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  • Ramlal had seven children — three sons and four daughters, and the youngest of them was Bholi.
  • It was a prosperous farmer’s household and there was plenty to eat and drink. All the children except Bholi were healthy and strong. The sons had been sent to the city to study in schools and later in colleges.
  • Of the daughters, Radha, the eldest, had already been married. The second daughter Mangla’s marriage had also been settled, and when that was done, Ramlal would think of the third, Champa. They were good-looking, healthy girls, and it was not difficult to find bridegrooms for them.
  • But Ramlal was worried about Bholi. She had neither good looks nor intelligence.

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Bholi was seven years old when Mangla was married. The same year a primary school for girls was opened in their village. The Tehsildar sahib came to perform its opening ceremony. He said to Ramlal, “As a revenue official you are the representative of the government in the village and so you must set an example to the villagers. You must send your daughters to school.”

That night when Ramlal consulted his wife, she cried, “Are you crazy? If girls go to school, who will marry them?” But Ramlal had not the courage to disobey the Tehsildar. At last his wife said, “I will tell you what to do. Send Bholi to school. As it is, there is little chance of her getting married, with her ugly face and lack of sense. Let the teachers at school worry about her.”

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The next day Ramlal caught Bholi by the hand and said, “Come with me. I will take you to school.” Bholi was frightened. She did not know what a school was like. She remembered how a few days ago their old cow, Lakshmi, had been turned out of the house and sold. “N-n-n-n NO, no-no-no,” she shouted in terror and pulled her hand away from her father’s grip.

“N-n-n-n NO, no-no-no,”

“Come with me.

I will take you to school.”

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“What’s the matter with you, you fool?” shouted Ramlal. “I am only taking you to school.” Then he told his wife, “Let her wear some decent clothes today, or else what will the teachers and the other schoolgirls think of us when they see her?” New clothes had never been made for Bholi. The old dresses of her sisters were passed on to her. No one cared to mend or wash her clothes. But today she was lucky to receive a clean dress which had shrunk after many washings and no longer fitted Champa. She was even bathed and oil was rubbed into her dry and matted hair. Only then did she begin to believe that she was being taken to a place better than her home!

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When they reached the school, the children were already in their classrooms. Ramlal handed over his daughter to the headmistress. Left alone, the poor girl looked about her with fear-laden eyes. There were several rooms, and in each room girls like her squatted on mats, reading from books or writing on slates. The headmistress asked Bholi to sit down in a corner in one of the classrooms.

Bholi did not know what exactly a school was like and what happened there, but she was glad to find so many girls almost of her own age present there. She hoped that one of these girls might become her friend.

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The lady teacher who was in the class was saying something to the girls but Bholi could understand nothing.

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  • She looked at the pictures on the wall. The colours fascinated her — the horse was brown just like the horse on which the Tehsildar had come to visit their village; the goat was black like the goat of their neighbour; the parrot was green like the parrots she had seen in the mango orchard; and the cow was just like their Lakshmi.
  • And suddenly Bholi noticed that the teacher was standing by her side, smiling at her. “What’s your name, little one?”

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What’s your name little one?

“Bh-Bh-Bho-Bho-,”

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  • “Bh-Bho-Bho-.” She could stammer no further than that.
  • Then she began to cry and tears flowed from her eyes in a helpless flood. She kept her head down as she sat in her corner, not daring to look up at the girls who, she knew, were still laughing at her.
  • When the school bell rang, all the girls scurried out of the classroom, but Bholi dared not leave her corner. Her head still lowered, she kept on sobbing.
  • “Bholi.” The teacher’s voice was so soft and soothing! In all her life she had never been called like that. It touched her heart.

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“Get up,” said the teacher. It was not a command, but just a friendly suggestion. Bholi got up.

“Now tell me your name.”

Sweat broke out over her whole body. Would her stammering tongue again disgrace her? For the sake of this kind woman, however, she decided to make an effort. She had such a soothing voice; she would not laugh at her.

“Bh-Bh-Bho-Bho-,” she began to stammer.

“Well done, well done,” the teacher encouraged her. “Come on, now — the full name?”

“Bh-Bh-Bho-Bholi.” At last she was able to say it and felt relieved as if it was a great achievement.

“Well done.” The teacher patted her affectionately and said,

“Put the fear out of your heart and you will be able to speak like everyone else.”

Bholi looked up as if to ask, ‘Really?’

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“Get up,”

“Now tell me your name.”

“Bh-Bh-Bho-Bho-,”

“Well done, well done,”

“Come on, now — the full name?”

“Bh-Bh-Bho-Bholi.”

“Well done.”

“Put the fear out of your heart and you will be able to speak like everyone else.”

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Yes, yes, it will be very easy. You just come to school everyday. Will you come?”

“No, say it aloud.”

“Didn’t I tell you? Now take this book.”

(Bholi nodded)

‘Really?’

“Ye-Ye-Yes.”

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“In one month you will be able to read this book. Then I will give you a bigger book, then a still bigger one. In time you will be more learned than anyone else in the village. Then no one will ever be able to laugh at you. People will listen to you with respect and you will be able to speak without the slightest stammer. Understand? Now go home, and come back early tomorrow morning.”

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  • The book was full of nice pictures and the pictures were in color — dog, cat, goat, horse, parrot, tiger and a cow just like Lakshmi. And with every picture was a word in big black letters.

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  • Bholi felt as if suddenly all the bells in the village temple were ringing and the trees in front of the school-house had blossomed into big red flowers. Her heart was throbbing with a new hope and a new life. Thus the years passed. The village became a small town. The little primary school became a high school. There were now a cinema under a tin shed and a cotton ginning mill. The mail train began to stop at their railway station.

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“Then, shall I accept Bishamber’s proposal?”�

“Yes, certainly,” his wife said. “Bholi will be lucky to get such a well-to-do bridegroom. A big shop, a house of his own and I hear several thousand in the bank. Moreover, he is not asking for any dowry.”

“That’s right, but he is not so young, you know — almost the same age as I am — and he also limps. Moreover, the children from his first wife are quite grown up.”

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.

“So what does it matter?. Forty-five or fifty — it is no great age for a man. We are lucky that he is from another village and does not know about her pock-marks and her lack of sense. If we don’t accept this proposal, she may remain unmarried all her life.”

“Yes, but I wonder what Bholi will say.”

“What will that witless one say? She is like a dumb cow.”

“May be you are right,”

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In the other corner of the courtyard, Bholi lay awake on her cot, listening to her parents’ whispered conversation.

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  • Bishamber Nath was a well-to-do grocer.
  • He came with a big party of friends and relations with him for the wedding. A brass-band playing a popular tune from an Indian film headed the procession, with the bridegroom riding a decorated horse.
  • Ramlal was overjoyed to see such pomp and splendour. He had never dreamt that his fourth daughter would have such a grand wedding.
  • Bholi’s elder sisters who had come for the occasion were envious of her luck.

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When the auspicious moment came the priest said, “Bring the bride.”

Bring the bride.”

Bholi, clad in a red silken bridal dress, was led to the bride’s place near the sacred fire.

“Garland the bride,” one of his friends prompted Bishamber Nath.

The bridegroom lifted the garland of yellow marigolds. A woman slipped back the silken veil from the bride’s face.

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Bishamber took a quick glance. The garland remained poised in his hands.

The bride slowly pulled down the veil over her face.

Have you seen her?”

“She has pock-marks on her face.”

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“Have you seen her?”

“She has pock-marks on her face.”

“So what? You are not young either.”

Maybe. But if I am to marry her, her father must give me five thousand rupees.”

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Ramlal went and placed his turban — his honour — at Bishamber’s feet

“Do not humiliate me so. Take two thousand rupees.”

. “No. Five thousand or we go back. Keep your daughter.”

“Be a little considerate, please. If you go back, I can never show my face in the village.”

“Then out with five thousand.”

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Bhishamber Nath demands dowry!!!!

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Tears streaming down his face, Ramlal went in, opened the safe and counted out the notes. He placed the bundle at the bridegroom’s feet.

On Bhishamber’s greedy face appeared a triumphant smile. He had gambled and won.

Give me the garland

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Once again the veil was slipped back from the bride’s face, but this time her eyes were not downcast. She was looking up, looking straight at her prospective husband, and in her eyes there was neither anger nor hate, only cold contempt.

Bishamber raised the garland to place it round the bride’s neck; but before he could do so,Bholi’s hand struck out like a streak of lightning and the garland was flung into the fire. She got up and threw away the veil.

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  • “Pitaji!” ( said Bholi in a clear loud voice)
  • “Take back your money. I am not going to marry this man.”(her father, mother, sisters, brothers; relations and neighbours were startled to hear her speak without even the slightest stammer. Ramlal was thunderstruck)

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“So shameless!

So ugly and so shameless!”

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“Bholi, are you crazy?” “You want to disgrace your family? Have some regard for our izzat!”

“For the sake of your izzat, I was willing to marry this lame old man. But I will not have such a mean, greedy and contemptible coward as my husband. I won’t, I won’t, I won’t.”

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“What a shameless girl! We all thought she was a harmless dumb cow.”

“Yes, Aunty, you are right. You all thought I was a dumb–driven cow. That’s why you wanted to hand me over to this heartless creature. But now the dumb cow, the stammering fool, is speaking. Do you want to hear more?”

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Bishamber Nath, the grocer, started to go back with his party. The confused bandsmen thought this was the end of the ceremony and struck up a closing song.

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“But what about you, no one will ever marry you now. What shall we do with you?”

“Don’t you worry, Pitaji! In your old age I will serve you and mother, and I will teach in the same school where I learnt so much. Isn’t that right, Ma’am?”

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The teacher had all along stood in a corner, watching the drama. “Yes, Bholi, of course,” she replied. And in her smiling eyes was the light of a deep satisfaction that an artist feels when contemplating the completion of her masterpiece.

“Yes, Bholi, of course,”

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Find the meaning of the following words (Dictionary work)

Vocabulary

  • Matted
  • Fear-laden
  • Squatted
  • Fascinated
  • Orchard
  • Soothing

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Find the meaning of the following words (Dictionary work)��

  • Ginning
  • Envious
  • Auspicious
  • Clad
  • Garland
  • Humiliate
  • Considerate
  • Streaming
  • Thunderstruck
  • Contemptible

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Vocabulary

  • Matted: untidy

  • Fear-laden: full of fear

  • Squatted: to sit with one’s knees bent

  • Fascinated: attracted

  • Orchard: land planted with fruit trees

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  • Envious: jealous

  • Auspicious: good, favourable

  • Garland: wreath of flowers and leaves

  • Humiliate: insult

  • Considerate: thoughtful

  • Streaming: flowing

  • Thunderstruck: shocked

Vocabulary

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What we learn from the story:

  • The story ‘Bholi’ teaches us the impact of family on children. Bholi is a little girl who fails to develop self-confidence because of her parents' attitude towards her. The story shows that family support and emotional security are essential for proper child development.

  • The importance of education and the role of a real teacher in a child’s life - education is like a philosopher`s stone which can turn a base metal into gold.

  • Necessity for gender equality.

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Social Evils We See in the Story

  • Dowry system

  • Gender discrimination

  • Family considering differently abled children as a shame and neglecting them.

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�Activity:� �1. Look at the given posters and make similar posters to create awareness about the social evil - dowry.

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Activity

2. Convert the story into a drama and present in the class.

3. Write a story of your own about a social evil and the ways to prevent it.

4. Think how ‘Bholi’ becomes Sulekha in the last part of the story and write short articles about

(a) Importance of Education and

(b) The Role of a Teacher in a Student’s life.

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Write answers to the following questions.

  1. Bholi had many apprehensions about going to school. What made her feel that she was going to a better place than her home?

  • How did Bholi’s teacher play an important role in changing the course of her life?

  • Why did Bholi at first agree to an unequal match? Why did she later reject the marriage? What does this tell us about her?

  • Bholi’s real name is Sulekha. We are told this right at the beginning. But only in the last but one paragraph of the story is Bholi called Sulekha again. Why do you think she is called Sulekha at that point in the story?

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