Thermal Energy
Lesson 3.2: Thermal Energy and Temperature Change
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Warm-Up
Activity 1
5 MIN
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Investigation Notebook pg 71
Activity 1
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Rereading “Thermal Energy Is NOT Temperature”
Activity 2
20 MIN
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
What were your responses to the Warm-Up questions?
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Today, we’ll try to answer our question:
Investigation Question:�What determines how much total kinetic energy something has?
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
You’ll reread part of this article to gather evidence to answer the Investigation Question.
This will help you think about how to compare the two heating systems.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
We’ve been thinking about differences in temperature. This is important for comparing the systems since the water heater system uses hotter water than the groundwater system.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
But the groundwater system also uses a larger tank of water than the water heater system.
As you reread, you’ll think about why that difference might matter.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
You’ll reread the third paragraph and review the article’s diagrams and captions in order to gather evidence to answer the Investigation Question.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Investigation Notebook pg 72
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Let’s try to answer our question based on the evidence you gathered.
Investigation Question:�What determines how much total kinetic energy something has?
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Key Concept
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
8.
For things at the same temperature, the thing with more molecules has more total kinetic energy (thermal energy) than the thing with fewer molecules.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 2
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
The total kinetic energy is proportional to the mass; in other words, the greater the mass, the greater the kinetic energy.
The temperature is a ratio between the total kinetic energy and the mass. For the same total kinetic energy, a greater mass will mean a lower temperature.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Revisiting the Energy Cube Model
Activity 3
20 MIN
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 3 - Screen 1
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
You just read about what thermal energy is, how it is different from temperature, and why it depends in part on the number of molecules that make up a thing.
Knowing all of this is going to help us as we start to investigate why things change temperature a lot or a little.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 1
We’ll revisit the Energy Cube Model to investigate this new question:
Investigation Question:�What determines how much something will change temperature?
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 1
You’ll use the Energy Cube Model again to represent molecules and energy. This will help you visualize and think about how different systems reach equilibrium.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Investigation Notebook pgs 73–74
Activity 3 - Screen 1
You’ll work in partners to set up the model by placing energy cubes on each molecule. You’ll move energy cubes to show energy transfer when the two objects come in contact.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 1
The goal is to model the difference between average kinetic energy, total kinetic energy, and temperature.
You’ll use this data table to set up different trials.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 1
Let’s set up and discuss Trial 1 as a class.
Then, you’ll complete the other trials in partners.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 1
Calculate the total kinetic energy of each object.
Record it in your data tables for Trial 1.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 1
Discuss the last column of the data table.
Which statement describes the state the system is in?
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Investigation Notebook pgs 73–74
Activity 3 - Screen 1
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 1
When you are considering whether the system is at equilibrium, should you look at the average kinetic energy or total kinetic energy?
How does the number of molecules in the object affect the thermal energy, or total kinetic energy, of the object?
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 2
The Energy Cube Model is helping us think about what determines how much an object will change temperature.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 2
We need to figure out how the size of things can affect how they change temperature. This will help us know which of the two heating systems will warm the school the most.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 2
In Part 2 of the Energy Cube Model, the goal is to show what happens when a warmer object comes into contact with a colder object.
You’ll work together to transfer energy between the molecules of the two objects and then discuss the trials.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Investigation Notebook pg 74
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 2
Complete the two trials in Part 2.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 2
How did you complete the activity?
What did you discuss with your partners?
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Key Concept
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 2
9.
At equilibrium, the average kinetic energy (temperature) of the molecules in the system is the total kinetic energy (thermal energy) evenly divided by the number of molecules in the system.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Key Concept
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 2
10.
When a thing gains or loses energy, the energy gained or lost is divided among all the molecules of the thing.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
Activity 3 - Screen 2
Investigation Question:�What determines how much something will change temperature?
Let’s reflect on possible answers to our question.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Homework
Activity 4
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Activity 4
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
For this activity, you’ll think more about the Energy Cube Model and the concepts you’ve learned in today’s lesson by critiquing another model.
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Investigation Notebook pg 75
Activity 4
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Thermal Energy: Lesson 3.2
End of Lesson
Published and Distributed by Amplify. www.amplify.com
© The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.