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How industrial sector can change solid waste management in Vietnam �through EPR?�

Hideki Wada (wada.ssdi@gmail.com)

Vietnam Waste Planning (https://vwphomepage.wixsite.com/home-vn)

Urban Resource Management (https://urmhomepage.wixsite.com/home-vn)

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EPR’s mechanism (textbook understanding)

To collect and recycle their post-consumer waste is obelized to industries.

If their packages are excessive, the recycling cost will increase accordingly.
If their products are difficult to recycle, their recycling cost will be higher.

🡪 Industries will be motivated

to reduce the amount of packaging.
to design to be easy to recycle.

Law on Environmental Protection (LEP)�and its Decree

Obliged recycling rate to be achieved �by industries
Bearing of recycling cost by industries

In addition to the above, LEP stipulates �products that require industry to collect�and properly treated. They can be �understood analogically.

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Before EPR

Production

Distribution

Consumption

Recycling

Responsibility of producers for their products

Under EPR

Production

Distribution

Consumption

Recycling

Responsibility of producers for their products

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An understanding of EPR

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industrial sector

Public sector

Public Sector

Daily activities

(Domestic waste)

Treatment of domestic waste

Industrial Sector

Business activities

Treatment of industrial waste

1. Up to now: Public sector 🡺 domestic waste; Industrial sector 🡺 industrial waste

2. From now: Industrial sector’s participation

Daily activities

Co-Treatment for domestic waste and industrial waste

Advanced Recycling

Business activities

Collection of post-consumer waste

EPR under LEP

EU Directive for ocean plastics

Impact

Separately

With efficiency

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Examples of advanced solid waste management by industries

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Industry	Advantage	Potential projects
Cement industry	Capacity for incineration technology	Waste-to-Energy by incineration
Electricity industry	Capacity for electricity generation	Waste-to-Electricity by incineration
Food processing industry	Capacity to cultivated foods	Value-added food production by using heat from incineration Vegetable factory Green house agriculture with air-conditioned
Steel industry	Blast furnaces are used for plastic recycling.	Plastic recycling by using the blast furnace
Chemical industry	Technology for chemical processes	Chemical recycling for waste plastics Production of food-contactable PET resin Ammonia production from waste plastics
Smelting industry	Capacity to recover metals	Metal recovery from waste Precious metal and rare metal recovery
E-product industry	Capacity to recycle e-waste	E-waste recycling projects E-waste dismantling factory
Assembly factory	Large generator of waste plastics	Advanced plastic recycling (co-treatment with domestic plastic waste)
Transportation company	Capacity for logistic management technology	E-Waste collection
IT company	Capacity for developing accounting systems	Comprehensive system Recyclable traceability IoT for monitoring recycling factories Recycling cost invoicing system
Urban developer etc.	Project investment	Investment in waste treatment project

🡺 New business development contributing to a circular economy

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One of the key questions: “Post-consumer waste can be collected?”

The post-consumer waste is collected even now.

Collaboration with the existing recyclers is the easiest way to collect.

If higher prices can be shown, they can �be collected.

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Waste generators

Junk buyers

Waste discard containers

Waste pickers

Junk shops

Exporters

Regulated producers

Showing higher prices?

M&A?

Recycled products producers

Junk dealers

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Conclusion

EPR is a key impact to make industries participate in solid waste management.

Higher level managements by industries are expected, because industries have many technical advantages.

Post-consumer waste can be collected from existing recyclers by controlling the prices.

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Junk shops in the center of Hanoi

Plastic bottle dealer in Hanoi