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Tips & Tricks to a Perfect Garden
Beginner Guide- Inside Grow Set Up
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Pg. 2 – Promo Code
Pg. 4 – Picking a Location
Pg. 5 – House Climate Zones Pg. 6-8- Light Requirements
Pg. 9 – Light Delivery example
Pg. 10 – Growing media/Nutrients
Pg. 11-13 - Clean Water
Pg. 14- Clean Water
Pg. 15-16 – Relative Humidity
Pg. 18-19 – PH Scales
Pg. 18 – Tools and Equipment
Pg. 20- Tool List
Pg. 21- Approved Products
Pg. 22-23- Glossary
Pg. 31 Terpene Chart
Pg.32 Endocannabinoid System
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Picking a Location
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Attic- Very Hot, Very Dry. Climate control more difficult.
2nd Floor- Warmer, drier especially on sun facing parts of house with windows.
1st floor- Cooler more consistent temps.
Basement- More Humid naturally cooler.
House Climate Zones
Get to understand the zones in your house. Take in consideration your outside environment and how that will affect the inside of your house. If you live some where your central air is on all the time you may not need to supplement a A/c unit for your grow area. If you lived in a more humid area and had your windows open, you might only need a small humidifier v.s a drier clement would need a large unit to accommodate the drier air. Record and learn how to take advantage of your outside climate and zones of your house.
Understanding Your Size Grow �
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Understand the square footage of your tent or area that you want to grow in. (Length X Width) Example: 4’x4’ = 16sqft
If we want to maximize the footprint, we must get a light that supports, the coverage you are trying to achieve & a exhaust fan that has proper air exchange rate. (CFM)
Is it a Veg tent only? Or will be used for both Veg and flower?
They will normally highlight the vegetation spec being that it is the larger coverage. Manufactures are also using different terminology for coverage area:
WATTAGE | 480W±5%@100-277V |
|
Core Coverage | 3'x3' |
|
Max Coverage | 4'x4' |
|
PPE | 2.8μmol/j |
|
PPF | 1331μmol/S |
|
Chip Brand | BridgeLux |
|
LEDS QUANTITY | 2646 |
|
Wattage - 480w |
Personal Cultivation Coverage - 4x4 ft |
Commercial Cultivation Coverage - 3x3 ft |
For Indoor Horticulture growers, from professional cultivators to hobbyists. |
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Plant Count & Style of Growing
Your Growing Style will determine your Pant Count for the square footage you have chose.
These grow style choices not only determine how many plants you can grow but also will have major environmental contribution to the tent/room environment.
Now that you have your sqft figured out and found a light(s) that covers what you are trying to achieve let's see how our style of growing will impact that area.
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Rule of thumb for watt/sq ft:
�Low efficacy, generic “Amazon” lights (PPE: ~1.0 µmol/J): 50-60w/sq ft (525-640w/sqm)
�Medium efficacy, “housing”-type lights (PPE: ~1.5 µmol/J): 30-40w/sq ft (320-430w/sqm)
�High efficacy, panel with quality diodes (eg. Samsung, Osram), or (Cree) COB-type lights with high-end driver (PPE: ~2.5 µmol/J): 25-30w/sq ft (265-320w/sqm)�
(Growing Sqft) x (efficiency watts per sq ft)= watts needed to flower in that area
2x2’, 4sq ft or 60x60 cm, 0.36 sqm space�Low efficacy lamp: 200-240 watt�Medium efficacy lamp: 120-160 watt�High efficacy lamp: 100-120 watt��4x4’, 16 sq ft or 120x120 cm, 1.44 sqm space�Low efficacy lamp: 800-960 watt�Medium efficacy lamp: 480-640 watt�High efficacy lamp: 400-480 watt
Light Requirements
Now let’s figure out what kind of light we will need to maximize our square footage. Use the efficacy references “Rule of thumb” below as your multiplier.
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**This could be just fine for Veg Cycle. Outer perimeter would have lower par levels not ideal for flower cycle.
3X3 Tent
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Organic Dry Amendments
Organic liquids
Synthetic
Synganic’s
Growing Media & Nutrient Delivery.
Pot size and media type will add to the RH% of the tent/ grow area especially after a heavy watering.
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Proper Ventilation
Air exchange is important to maintain a proper environment and VPD in all growing stages.
Figure out the Base cubic footage of your grow area. (Length X Width X Height) Example: 4’ x 3’ x 6’ = 72 cuft (Base)
The exhaust fan manufacture specs will tell you how many cubic feet per minute (CFM) of air exchange. Please note the exchange rate will be affected by longer ducting and elbows/ fittings. The more turns and ducting the less efficient your fan becomes.
The next step is to increase your base CFM by your accessories’ efficiency percentages. Adding components like ducting and carbon filters will reduce fan performance in your grow space which affects how hard your fan needs to work.
When it comes to ducting, the number and sharpness of its bends factor into the airflow resistance. This is because airflow reduces the further it must travel so the straighter the ducting route the better. The sharper the bend, the harsher the efficiency reduction; a 30° bend cuts the amount of airflow by 20% while a 90° bend diminishes airflow by 60%! Smoothing out any wrinkles can also improve fan performance and airflow.
If you are using LED grow lights, you must also account for its heat output which further increases your required CFM by up to 50%.
These factors add to your required CFM, which calls for a high performing fan in order to move the calculated airflow. Because accessories on the market can greatly vary, you can use estimated efficiency percentages depending on the type of component.
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Ventilation Continued…
(Base CFM x Component factors) x (Grow light heat) = Required CFM
For example, our 4’x3’x6’ grow tent has a baseline CFM of 72. We multiply this figure by the efficiency percentage of each component. If we add a carbon filter (60%), ducting (~20%), and a silencer (20%) to our ventilation system, we get 166 CFM. From here, factoring in your grow light’s heat output (≤50%) will give us a required CFM of 249. Keep in mind that these percentages are not fixed and may vary.
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Total Airflow | 205 CFM |
Total Noise | 28 dBA |
Max Speed | 2800 RPM |
Static Pressure | 223 Pa |
Voltage | 100-240V AC |
Frequency | 50/60 Hz |
Max Power Draw | 28 W |
Average Power Usage | 21 W |
Current | 1.2 A |
AC Infinity Cloudline S4
Total Airflow | 402 CFM |
Total Noise | 32 dBA |
Static Pressure | 503 Pa |
Voltage | 100-240V AC |
Frequency | 50/60Hz |
Max Power Draw | 64 W |
Average Power Usage | 38 W |
Current | 1.67 A |
AC Infinity Cloudline S6
In this Example let's say we are using a 4’x 4’ x 6’ tent. We want to purchase a 4” exhaust fan and must run it 10’ with a carbon filter and few fittings. Using the numbers from the previous slide we can see how much CFM we need for this tent.
4 x 4 x 6 =96 cubic ft.
Loss of Efficiency/Environmental Factors
96 X 1.6 X 1.2 X 1.2 X 1.5 = 332 CFM
We can see that the 4” inline fan for this set up could potentially cause issues and added stress to the equipment. This might cause the fan to continuously do short cycle burst. In this case I would go with the 6” inline.
Sold at www.perfectgardens.com
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Clean Water
We all know the importance of clean water for our health. It is NO different for our plants. Let's go over some key points.
Methods to clean/ treat water.
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Relative Humidity (RH)
Relative Humidity (RH) is important to control in all stages of plant growth. How you achieve that balance will depend on all the factors that we discussed so far. Not having proper control can lead to many issues like bud rot and an invitation to PEST. VDP will also be affected
***This is a basic guide for the different stages. Some cultivars may require more less depending on their genetics.
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Relative Humidity Cont.….
Humidifiers can come in both warm and cold mist. This is important to remember if you are putting inside the tent. You can create microclimate around the plants that are getting blasted by the mist.
If you can it is best to control the “lung room” or keep the humidifier on the outside of the tent and duct inside tent. This is truer the smaller the tent.
Get a Humidifier with a water holding capacity that suits your climate.
Dryer climates will need larger water holding capacity humidifiers.
Warm air
Moist air
Dehumidifier
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Seedling / Clone | 100 – 300 |
Vegetative | 250 – 600 |
Bloom / Flowering | 500 – 1050 |
Par Level(PPFD)
Growth Stage
Seedling / Clone | 400 |
Vegetative | 400 – 800 |
Bloom / Flowering | 800 – 1400 |
Co2 Levels PPM
Seedling / Clone | 72 – 80 °F | 70 – 78 °F |
Vegetative | 74 – 84 °F | 68 – 76 °F |
Bloom / Flowering | 68 – 84 °F | 68 – 78 °F |
Growth Stage
Growth Stage
Day
Night
Growing Requirements
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Ph of the water and soil effect the uptake and availability of nutrients.
Examples of Environmental effects and common items and their PH
PH
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For most plants, the optimum pH range is from 5.5 to 7.0,
Cannabis plants prefer a slightly acidic environment for its roots. Growers using soil as their medium should adjust their pH to a range of 6 to 6.8. For a soilless garden, pH should sit between 5.5 to 6.5.
Synthetic/soilless PH 5.5 to 6.5
Organic-6.0 to 6.8
“Living Soil”
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Tools and Equipment
Dehumidifier
Humidifier
Fan/ occulting Fan
Pruning Sheers
Trimming Sheers
Exhaust Fan
Light
Quality Surge Protector
Timer / Controller
Measuring cups
PH Pen
TDS Pen
EC Pen
Soil PH Pen
Carbon Filter
Tent
Trimming Tray
Light Ratchet straps
Duct Tape
Twine/Wire
Spray Bottle
Ph Paper
Storage totes for nutrients
Wood Steaks/Bamboo
Dedicated water buckets
Watering Can
PH Up
PH Down
Environment
Measuring Tools
Misc.
Plant Care
Harvest
Storage
Humidity packs
RH monitor
Tape measure
Zip Ties
Inferred gun
Thermomotor
Air Conditioner
Heater
Light meter (Par)
Trellis Net
Yellow Sticky Traps
Drying Rack
Co2 meter
Fire Detectors
Carbon Monoxide meter
Yo yo’s
Water quality test
Small Vacuum
Water filtration
Drops of Balance
Screens
***This is just a basic guide. YOU DO NOT need everything. Plan for your specific grow’s requirements.
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Neutralizes & assists in the reduction of over 250 contaminants including pharmaceuticals, over-the-counter drugs, agricultural chemicals, heavy metals, industrial chemicals, disinfectants, disinfection byproducts, and microorganisms to a concentration less than or equal to NSF/EPA permissible standards.
Adds 60+ trace minerals
Recycled paper-based soil/ soil amendments. Great carbon source/ helps conserve water and nutrient hold capabilities.
Bacteria derived from the fermentation process. Helps convert organic matter into food. Helps support plant health and immunity from pest.
IPM
Water
Soil
Plant Health/
soil Health
All-natural Pest control –No Oils, No tolerance,
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Aphids-
Pesty Mother Fuckers that cause lots of problems. Some say just light a fire.
Army of Growers-
A community of kick ass people that just want to help each other.
Auto-Flower-
Autoflowering cannabis or day neutral cannabis varieties automatically switch from vegetative growth to the flowering stage based on age, as opposed to the ratio of light to dark hours required with photoperiod dependent/short-day strains.
Auxins-
A plant hormone which causes the elongation of cells in shoots and is involved in regulating plant growth.
Bacteria aerobic-
Aerobic bacteria require oxygen for survival. They are present in aerated moist soil containing organic carbon sources. There are two main types of aerobic bacteria. Obligate aerobes & Facultative and Microaerophile aerobes:
Bacteria anaerobic-
An anaerobic organism or anaerobe is any organism that does not require molecular oxygen for growth. It may react negatively or even die if free oxygen is present.
Bio-Stimulant-
A plant bio stimulant is any substance or microorganism applied to plants with the aim to enhance nutrition efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance and/or crop quality traits, regardless of its nutrients content.
BOOF-
Bullshit shit weed. Also see: Dispo boof, mids at best.
“This bud looks good, but that shit is straight boof.”
Bro Science-
Shit people have tried over many decades to create plant responses that contribute to the quality of flower. Some examples are…. Ice cubes/water last few days. Drilling holes in the trunk. 48hours of darkness before harvest.
Bud Rot-
Bud rot is a type of mold that develops in the dense cores of cannabis buds. It starts on the stem inside of the bud and spreads outward, and it's difficult to detect in its early stages. It typically occurs on plants in the flowering stage.
Cannabidiol (CBD)-
CBD, or Cannabidiol, is the second most abundant active ingredient in marijuana plants after THC and is also the dominant active compound found in industrial hemp. It is a strong antioxidant and is non-psychoactive, with a wide range of medical applications. It works to prolong the effects of THC while simultaneously providing relief from anxiety, muscle spasms and seizures. Strains rich in CBD can be processed to extract the active compounds into several products, including oil, butter and tincture.
Chitosan-
Chitosan is a sugar that comes from the outer skeleton of shellfish, including crab, lobster, and shrimp. It's used as medicine and in drug manufacturing. Chitosan enhances the ability of plants to survive in times of heat or cold stress and drought. It can give plants the ability to grow with less water and can accelerate growth and germination and improve the quality of flowers and fruit.
Did you Know??
Plants and certain Fungi have symbiotic relationships created over millions of years. Some fungi enter the plants root system and exchange water and nutrients.
The word “mycorrhiza” means fungal root
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Clay Pellets-
Expanded clay pellets are a great choice in growing media as they are reusable, last a long time, and can be used in different hydroponics systems. Expanded clay pebbles, also known as hydroton and grow rocks, are used in aggregate hydroponic gardens. In the flood and drain method. Some add to soil for added drainage.
Cloning-
This is a process of taking part of a healthy plant, replanting it, and having it grow. Since cloning is a form of asexual plant reproduction — meaning only one 'set' of DNA — the resulting clones are an exact replica of the parent plant.
Coco Coir-
Coir, also called coconut fibre, is a natural fibre extracted from the outer husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes and mattresses. Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut. Can be use in pure form or added to other media’s for added drainage.
Calyx-
The calyx is the first part of a flower that forms. It is made up of a collection of small leaves that form in a spiral near where the flower meets the stem, and is made up of sepals, which are tiny leaves that protect the flower at its base. The calyx is basically the base of the flower that holds everything together. It provides stability to the flower and creates a protective cocoon for the plant’s reproductive organs. All flowering plants have calyxes, but the calyxes of female cannabis plants are coveted commodities.
�Compost-
Compost is a mixture of ingredients used to fertilize and improve the soil. It is commonly prepared by decomposing plant and food waste and recycling ..
Compost-
Compost is a mixture of ingredients used to fertilize and improve the soil. It is commonly prepared by decomposing plant and food waste and recycling organic materials.
Cover Crop-
A cover crop is a plant that is used primarily to slow erosion, improve soil health, enhance water availability, smother weeds, help control pests and diseases.
Crystals-
The wrong terminology used to talk about trichomes.
DAB-
Dabs are concentrated forms of cannabis that come in a variety of textures. They are consumed in a dab rig, e-rig—”electronic rig”—or dab pen. The process of dabbing is extremely hot, and flash vaporizes dabs in the range of 400-600°F.
Dank-
Top Shelf flower. Has everything you want and gets you blaaaaazed.
Deficiency-
Nutrient deficiencies occur when something prevents the plant from getting sufficient amounts of one or more nutrients to support photosynthesis and health of the plant.
Distillate-
THC distillate is a highly purified form of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) derived from cannabis. The product itself looks like a thick oil that can be anywhere from clear to amber in color. Distillation eliminates everything from plant lipids to terpenes, and because each cannabinoid vaporizes at a different temperature, producers can easily manipulate the process to capture solely one cannabinoid. For this reason, THC distillate is a highly potent concentrate.
Fun Fact!!
Terpenes are organic compounds that give varieties of plants distinctive aromas, such as pine, citrus, floral, and spice. There are over 100 different cannabis terpenes identified, with each strain producing their own unique type and composition. Every terpene promotes a different effect.
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Drops of Balance-
Cleans over 250 contaminants using sulfated minerals. Drops of Balance adds 60+ TRACE Minerals.
Dry Amendments-
To amend soil means to improve it with additional materials. These soil amendments or soil conditioners improve the physical nature of soil. They reduce compaction, aerating the soil to allow water and nutrients to more easily move through it and reach plant roots. Some soil amendments also add nutrients to the soil, help retain moisture and help maintain the correct pH balance. We call this type Dry Amendments.
EC (Electrical Conductivity)-
EC is the measure of total dissolved salts in a solution, the factor that influences a plant's ability to absorb water. In horticultural applications, monitoring salinity helps manage the effects of soluble salts on plant growth. EC is a meaningful indicator of water quality, soil salinity and fertilizer concentration.
Endocannabinoid System-
The endocannabinoid system is a biological system composed of endocannabinoids, which are endogenous lipid-based retrograde neurotransmitters that bind to cannabinoid receptors, and cannabinoid receptor proteins that are expressed throughout the vertebrate central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
Fabric Pots-
Unlike traditional clay or plastic pots fabric pots have very good breathability 360 around. Fabric pot promote air root pruning. Fabric pots can be tricky to maintain moisture.
Feminized Seeds-
Feminized seeds are specially bred to eliminate male chromosomes, so they produce only female plants rather than male and female marijuana plants.
Foliar Spray-
A foliar application means that you are feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer directly to the leaves as opposed to in the soil.
Fulvic Acids-
Fulvic acid is considered a humic substance, meaning it's a naturally occurring compound found in soils, compost, marine sediments, and sewage ( 1 ). Fulvic acid is a product of decomposition and formed through geochemical and biological reactions, such as the breakdown of food in a compost heap.
Genetics-
Plant genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity, specifically in plants. It is generally considered a field of biology and botany but intersects frequently with many other life sciences and is strongly linked with the study of information systems.
Germination-
germination, the sprouting of a seed, spore, or other reproductive body, usually after a period of dormancy. The absorption of water, the passage of time, chilling, warming, oxygen availability, and light exposure may all operate in initiating the process.
Heirloom-
Heirlooms are strains that have remained unchanged for at least 50 years, as they have never been crossbred. These Strains develop naturally through natural forces of pollination.
Hermaphrodite-
Plant that has developed both female and male characteristics. Can be caused by BOOF genetics and stress factors (i.e. irrigation issues, damaged roots, heat stress).
PerfectGardens.com
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LARF-
“Larf,” while a fun word to say, is a term some cannabis consumers may not have heard before. It's a slang word that refers to smaller, immature buds that didn't quite reach their full potential. Usually these buds are wispy or fluffy little flowers found on the lower branches of cannabis plants.
Law of Minimal-
Liebig's law of the minimum, often simply called Liebig's law or the law of the minimum, is a principle developed in agricultural science by Carl Sprengel and later popularized by Justus von Liebig. It states that growth is dictated not by total resources available, but by the scarcest resource.
Liquid Nutrients-
Liquid fertilizer refer to extracts of soluble powders or chemicals that have a mix of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. They may also have wetting agents, insecticides, weed killers, and fungicides, not to mention trace elements and other supplements designed to help plants grow. Can be both Organic and synthetic forms.
Live Rosin-
Live rosin is a wax-like concentrate created from cured cannabis flowers. It is a potent, amber-colored substance distinct from other cannabis concentrates like shatter and budder. Because live rosin is a concentrated form of weed, its manufacturing process is extensive but free of solvents
Humic Acids-
Humic acid is a group of molecules that bind to, and help plant roots receive, water and nutrients. High humic acid levels can dramatically increase yields. Humic acid deficiency can prevent farmers and gardeners from growing crops with optimum nutrition.
Hybrid cultivar-
A hybrid results from the cross pollination of two cultivars. This can happen naturally in the garden or controlled by plant breeders. Sometimes a gardener finds a chance hybrid seedling that resulted from cross pollination the previous season between two different parents.
Immobile Nutrients-
Immobile nutrients include Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Boron (B), and Molybdenum (Mo).
Indica-
Cannabis indica is an annual plant species in the family Cannabaceae which produces large amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol and is cultivated for purposes including hashish in India.
IPM-
Integrated pest management, or IPM, is a process you can use to solve pest problems while minimizing risks to people and the environment.
Landrace-
A landrace is a domesticated, locally adapted, traditional variety of a species of animal or plant that has developed over time, through adaptation to its natural and cultural environment of agriculture and pastoralism, and due to isolation from other populations of the species.
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Node-
A node on a plant is simply the location on a stem to which a leaf or branch is attached. If the leaf has fallen off then there will be a leaf scar. More: A node is an area on a stem where buds are located. It is a site of great cellular activity and growth, where small buds develop into leaves, stems, or flowers.
Organic-
"Organically grown" food is food grown and processed using no synthetic fertilizers or pesticides. Pesticides derived from natural sources (such as biological pesticides) may be used in producing organically grown food.
Peat Moss-
Sphagnum is a genus of approximately 380 accepted species of mosses, commonly known as sphagnum moss, peat moss, also bog moss and quacker moss. Is less forgiving after “Dry Back” may need a surfactant to help the reabsorption of water back into the media.
Petiole-
In botany, the petiole is the stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem and is able to twist the leaf to face the sun.
Perfect Gardens-
An online gardening store here to help assist in all your growing needs. Our YouTube channel has many subjects and special quest to help us along our growing journey. Our Army of growers are here to assist YOU.
Low Stress Training (LST)-
Low-stress training usually refers to a technique that ties down plant stems as they begin to grow, but another method – called the Screen of Green or ScrOG – forces plants to grow through a screen. When done right, both methods can have a profound impact on your plants and produce much bigger yields.
MIDS-
It’s not shwag but its def not DANK. Middle to the road weed with nice bag appeal.
Mobile Nutrient-
Mobile nutrients include Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), and Sulfur (S). Soil- and foliar-applied nutrients are both adequate.
Mother Plant-
Mother plants are used to create plants identical to themselves. This is achieved by taking a cut, or a small piece of the branch, off the plant to clone. Mother plants are old and wise and should be taking care at the highest order to maintain healthy clippings for clones.
Nematode-Nematodes enhance soil quality in four major areas: regulate the populations of other soil organisms, mineralize nutrients into plant-available forms, provide a food source for other soil organisms and consume disease-causing organisms. Nematodes are important nutrient mineralizers. There are good nematodes and also Nematodes that can infect root systems causing plant health issues. Understand the differences and how to identify the differences.
DID YOU KNOW??
That every enzyme needs an enzyme cofactor to active that enzyme to perform it’s functions. EVERY enzyme cofactor needs a TRACE mineral to activate it.
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Photo Period-
Photoperiodism is the physiological reaction of organisms to the length of night or a dark period. It occurs in plants and animals. Plant photoperiodism can also be defined as the developmental responses of plants to the relative lengths of light and dark.
Pistil-
The ovule producing part of a flower. The ovary often supports a long style, topped by a stigma. The mature ovary is a fruit, and the mature ovule is a seed. Stigma: The part of the pistil where pollen germinates.
Pollen Chucker-
A person that breeds for seeds and does not work the genetics to stable or further linages. They will sell these seeds under false pretenses to make the people believe they are getting something they are not.
Powdery Mildew-
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of fungi in the order Erysiphe's. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as its symptoms are quite distinctive. Leaf's will be covered in a white/gray appearance.
Propagating-
Plant propagation is the process by which new plants grow from a variety of sources: seeds, cuttings, and other plant parts. Plant propagation can also refer to the man-made or natural dispersal of seeds. Propagation typically occurs as a step in the overall cycle of plant growth.
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Perlite-
Perlite is an amorphous volcanic glass that has a relatively high-water content, typically formed by the hydration of obsidian. Used to help with aeration and soil compaction.
Pesticide-
a substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals. Not all pesticides support soil biology and can have major long-term effects. Try using more organic methods or company's that support using materials that are not harmful to humans and animals.
PH-
pH is an expression of hydrogen ion concentration in water. Specifically, pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion (H+) concentration (mol/L) in an aqueous solution: pH = -log10(H+) The term is used to indicate basicity or acidity of a solution on a scale of 0 to 14, with pH 7 being neutral.
PH Paper-
Method of testing the water PH. The paper reacts to the PH of the water and provides a color to compare to a chart. The most basic method of testing PH. More precise tools may be purchased to fine tune your growing methods.
Phloem-
Phloem is the living tissue in vascular plants that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to the rest of the plant. This transport process is called translocation.
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Root Gnat-
Or Fungus gnats are small flies that infest soil, potting mix, other container media, and other sources of organic decomposition. They live in the first 1-3” of soil and can produce man eggs in a short period of time.
Root Rot- � Root rot is a general term for a potentially fatal disease that attacks a plant's root system and can quickly spread throughout the whole plant. Can be caused by over watering and lack of oxygen in the soil. If left uncheck the plant will not be able to uptake water and nutrients and die.
RSO Oil-
Rick Simpson oil (RSO) RSO is an oil derived from cannabis. But rather than a solvent extract that strips trichomes from buds, RSO contains all the cannabinoids, terpenes, and additional compounds of the whole cannabis plant.
The extraction process is complex and fairly long, similar to making a tincture. It’s typically near-black in color, and, admittedly, doesn’t taste great due to its high amount of plant matter (it uses the whole plant).
Ruderalis-
In botanical Latin, 'ruderalis' means 'weedy' or 'growing among waste. ' A ruderal species refers to any plant that is the first to colonize land after a disturbance removing competition. Auto Flowers are made by breeding a ruderalis with a regular or feminized cannabis plant.
S.O.G (Sea of Green)-
The sea of green (SOG) method is a technique used to maximize yield in a limited grow space. It is done by growing many small plants in a compact area rather than focusing on a few larger plants.
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Red Hairs-
Term used to describe a plants Pistils. Maaan that flower had a lot of “Red Hairs”.
Regular Seeds-
Refers to seeds that have been made by a male and female of that plant's species. They have not been altered to be feminized and thus can produce a male or female plant.
Rejuvenated Soil Method-
Beginning practices include using cover crops, reducing tilling, rotating crops, spreading compost (as well as super-compost “inoculants”), and moving away from synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, and factory farming. Supporting natural soil biology and helping maintain proper carbon cycling and not just depleting the land of it’s resources.
Rhizosphere-
The rhizosphere is the narrow region of soil or substrate that is directly influenced by root secretions and associated soil microorganisms known as the root microbiome. Scientist have observed bacteria entering and leaving the root tips. Plants are Farming, cloning and consuming bacteria.
Rockwool-
Rockwool, a lightweight hydroponic substrate is made from spinning molten basaltic rock into fine fibers which are then formed into a range of cubes, blocks, growing slabs and granular products. Rockwool isn’t reused so you will need to purchase for every new grow.
Adult Fungus Gnat
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Spider Mite-
Spider mites are members of the Tetranychidae family, which includes about 1,200 species. They are part of the subclass Acari. Spider mites generally live on the undersides of leaves of plants, where they may spin protective silk webs, and they can cause damage by puncturing the plant cells to feed.
Stable Genetics-
Stable genetics refers to genetics that have been created by selecting the best parent plants. This also involves crossing back to older generations so insest and other problems that come from just breeding family members. You may see labels with F1 or S1. This is a snapshot of how far the family tree has been worked.
Stomata-
Stomata are the tiny openings present on the epidermis of leaves. We can see stomata under the light microscope. In some of the plants, stomata are present on stems and other parts of plants. Stomata play an important role in gaseous exchange and photosynthesis.
Super Cropping-
Super cropping is a high-stress training technique that involves pinching and bending branches to damage the inner fibers while leaving the outer lining intact.
Synthetic Nutrients-
Man, mad Ionic forms of minerals. Tend to be high in salts.
TDS-
Total dissolved solids (TDS) is a measure of the dissolved combined content of all inorganic and organic substances present in a liquid in molecular, ionized, or micro-granular (colloidal sol) suspended form. TDS concentrations are often reported in parts per million (ppm).�
Sativa-
Cannabis sativa is an annual herbaceous flowering plant indigenous to Eastern Asia, but now of cosmopolitan distribution due to widespread cultivation. It has been cultivated throughout recorded history, used as a source of industrial fiber, seed oil, food, recreation, religious and spiritual moods and medicine. More associated with Couch lock high.
Schwag-
A term originally referring to lousy pot, which has also come to describe anything else lame or inherently sucky.
Scrog-
Scrogging is a cultivation technique using a net (or 'screen') to act as a physical barrier to restrict vertical growth of the plant. Other methods are used to maximize yield and overall flower sites.
Sinsemilla-
highly potent marijuana from female plants that are specially tended and kept seedless by preventing pollination in order to induce a high resin content also : a female hemp plant grown to produce sinsemilla. “Seedless Flower”
Shatter-
Like dab wax, shatter is a BHO extracted from the cannabis plant. The differences come after the initial extraction process, when the BHO is cooled to induce solidification. Unlike dabs, which are left undisturbed while solidifying, the BHO is shaken and stirred as it's left to cool.
Spider mite infestation
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Trellis Net-
Trellis netting is a tool that gardeners use to support their plants and help the plants stand upright. Trellis netting increases vertical garden yields even in small spaces by protecting tender vines and supporting plants
Trichome-
Trichomes; from Ancient Greek τρίχωμα 'hair' are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists. They are of diverse structure and function. Examples are hairs, glandular hairs, scales, and papillae.
Virus-
Plant viruses are viruses that affect plants. Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. Plant viruses can be pathogenic to higher plants.
Xylem-
xylem, plant vascular tissue that conveys water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant and also provides physical support. Xylem tissue consists of a variety of specialized, water-conducting cells known as tracheary elements.
ZaZa Weed-
Zaza or “exotic” is a blanket term for rare, high-grade strains of cannabis. The term “zaza weed” first gained popularity in Google searches in March of 2020, thanks in part, but not limited, to its inclusion in popular rap.
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Terpenes-
Terpenes are naturally occurring chemical compounds found in plants and some animals. They're responsible for the aromas, flavors, and even colors associated with various types of vegetation. In terms of cannabis, terpenes are what make certain strains smell or taste different from others
Tetrahydrocanaabinol (THC)-
THC is the substance that's primarily responsible for the effects of marijuana on a person's mental state. Some cannabis plants contain very little THC. Under U.S. law, these plants are considered “industrial hemp” rather than marijuana.
Tissue Culture-
tissue culture, a method of biological research in which fragments of tissue from an animal or plant are transferred to an artificial environment in which they can continue to survive and function. The cultured tissue may consist of a single cell, a population of cells, or a whole or part of an organ. This is being used more now in the cannabis industry minimizing the space needed unlike clones that take up lots of space.
Toxicity-
Plant toxicity can be cause by over fertilizing. This allows the plant to absorb more than is needed causing issues with current cell and plant development. Different mineral toxicity levels will create other problems leading into secondary nutrient problems.
Trace Minerals-
Trace minerals are nutrients that plants need a very small amount of to thrive. They can be called trace minerals, trace nutrients, or micronutrients. Some of these trace minerals are very important and provide essential elements for different proteins, hormones, or other processes.
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Endocannabinoid System
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The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a biological system in the body that helps regulate and balance key bodily functions. Research suggests that the ECS may be a potential therapeutic target in numerous physiological conditions such as: energy balance. appetite stimulation. blood pressure.