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HIGH RESOLUTION DATA FOR CADASTRAL MAPPING

UTPAL SARMA

Additional Director

ASSAC

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CADASTRES:

“A LAND ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM”

is defined by the UN land Administration Guidelines, 1996/2005 as :

“the process of determining, recording and disseminating information about ownership, use & value of land, when implementing land management policies”.

Definition of land boundaries for the purposes of Ownership (the cadastre)

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CADASTRAL (or Property)

Represents the real world Cadastre (land boundaries)

It is a Layer and the foundation of Geographical Information System (GIS) land administration database and underpin good governance and decision making in public and private domain.

Geospatial Technology i.e. GEOINFORMATICS (RS+GIS+GPS) can be used as modern surveying tool for Cadastral database.

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Cartography: A Landscape for Innovative Convergence

Courtsey:Dr. V Jayaraman, Satish Dhawan Professor & Senior Advisor (Space Applications), ISRO

This early innovative land revenue model:

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What makes data spatial?

Kingston Centre for GIS

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Placename

Grid co-ordinate

Postcode

Distance & bearing

Description

Latitude / Longitude

What makes data spatial?

Spatial data has particular characteristics. These can be described in terms of: shape, place and relationship to other spatial data (or geometry, location, and topology - these terms will be explored in lecture 2). It is also necessary to model real world data (such as a road or building) in terms of a geographical representation. For example, a road could be represented as a line and the building perhaps as a small box on a map. These features (line, box) are in fact models of the actual real world features. Sometimes these models are described as objects or entities too. Again this will be discussed in lecture 2.

Another important aspect of spatial data is that it often contains attribute information. That implies that a description of the feature (the road) is held in some form. The description might be the name or the type of road (A, B, Motorway). This information might be held in a database record or simply written or depicted on a map.

Finally spatial data by its very nature implies that relationships are also recorded. When we look at map data, we automatically interpret the relative locations of the spatial data. Computers require more explicit descriptions.

Spatial data thus refers to information that is associated with a location or place. It may be recorded on a map, held as records in a database or even be represented as a photograph. Remember that Geography is, in fact, the study of spatial information and that we are surrounded by geography. You will also discover that most information is either spatial or has a spatial component.

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HARDCOPY MAP & DIGITAL MAP IN GIS

Paper Map Library:

Advantages:

Easy to distribute locally , Transportable,

Use, Standardise, Familiar, low technology req. for operational use

Disadvantages:

Instability of paper medium

High cost of initial production & to update and time consuming

Inflexible display limit for decision maker
Inefficient storage & retrieval

Difficult to update, maintain

GIS :

Advantages:

Efficient storages of many map layers
Fast data retrieval, update & low maintanance
Graphic & attribute can be merged as per user
Interactive graphic map composition
Analytical process
Standardise as and when necessary
Input scale independent
Online dissemination of data / map

Limitation:

Initial cost o f s/w &h/w and its maintenance

Trained personnel on GIS

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Drivers of Land Records Change

Exploitation by:

Human & Natural Calamities

Restructuring (Road,canal,Dam,Railway & other Infrastructure)
Expansion ( Population growth, city growth)
Intesification (Govt. of India’s policy on forest,watershed,landuse etc.)
Sustainibility (Food grain to sustain growth of population)
Division of land parcel (Intra & Inter district,state,nation)
Government policy
Utility feature

ABOVE TRIGGERS FOR DIGITAL LAND INFORMATION SYSTEM & CAN VERY WELL BE ADDRESSED OR DEALT WITH RS & GIS

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Scope of Work
Volume of the work
Scanning & Rubbersheeting of Scanned images
Digitization & Quality Checking
Validation at DLRS/ARSAC
GeoDatabase designing
MetaData Creation
Mosaicing (mouza /block/circle)
Georeferencing
Quality Checking

Project Scope & Methodology:CADASTRAL DIGITIZATION

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Digitization of Village Sheets using Heads up Digitization
Use of AutoCAD / AutoCAD Map software for Digitization
Use of ARSAC specified Layer Structure (SOURCE:ISRO)
Topology creation
Elimination of Dangles, Sliver polygons, duplicate labels
Quality Check
validation

Digitization

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Mosaicing of Villages sheets

Topology Creation for Mosaiced Village Maps

Georeferencing the Village Maps with reference to supplied Satellite Images UNDER SIS-DP

MetaData Creation

Quality Check and Assurance

Mosaicing

High resolution Satellite image are provided by ARSAC
Finding the control points on the ORTHO RECTIFIED Satellite image matching to reference points of digitized village maps
Georeferencing the digitized map over the Satellite images using ArcGIS Software
Quality Check and Assurance

Georeferencing

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Mosaicked of39 Village Maps of Pachim Sialmari Mouza Darrang District

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Mosaicked of39 Village Cadastral Maps of Pachim Sialmari Mouza Darrang District

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ROR LINKING WITH CADASTRAL MAP SHEET

SOURCE: NIC,GUWAHATI

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Base map Digitization �Features Extracted from Image

Sl.No	Feature Name	Feature Code	Feature geometry
1	Streams / Single Line Rivers	HD0102	line
2	Culverts	HD0106	line
3	Embankment	HD0108	line
4	Fence	OS0200	line
5	Road – Centerline	RD0106	line
6	Medians / Divider	RD0107	line
7	Fly-Overs / Level Crossings	RD0201	line
8	Footpath	RD0204	line
9	Railway Line	RL0100	line
10	Railway Bridge	RL0401	line
11	Pedestrian Overbridge	RL0500	line
12	Airport boundary	AW0104	polygon
13	Cloud	CL0000	polygon
14	Hydrology-others	HD0000	polygon
15	Double Line River	HD0101	polygon
16	Drains	HD0104	polygon
17	Lakes	HD0201	polygon
18	Ponds / Swimming	HD0202	polygon

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Base map Digitization �Features Extracted from Image.....................Contd.

Sl.No	Feature Name	Feature Code	Feature geometry
19	Island	HD0207	polygon
20	Historic – others	HS0000	polygon
21	Building – Unclassified	LO0000	polygon
22	Buildings Others	LO0001	polygon
23	Building – Industrial	LO0301	polygon
24	Land use –others	LU0000	polygon
25	Open Space	LU0100	Polygon
26	Rocky Area	LU0200	polygon
27	Park	LU0300	polygon
28	Cluster of Trees	LU0401	polygon
29	Cemetery/Cremationground	LU0600	polygon
30	Swampy/Marshy	LU1000	polygon
31	Sandyarea/Beach	LU1100	polygon
32	Plantation	LU1300	polygon
33	Agricultural area	LUO4O2	polygon
34	Slum Area	OS0100	polygon
35	Other features	OT0100	polygon
36	Road Edge	RD0100	polygon

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Base map Digitization �Features Extracted from Image.....................Contd.

Sl.No	Feature Name	Feature Code	Feature geometry
37	Bridges	RD0202	polygon
38	Traffic Islands	RD0203	polygon
39	Religious-others	RP0000	polygon
40	Stadium	SP0100	polygon
41	Play Ground	SP0300	polygon
42	Bus Terminal/ Bus Depot	TB0100	polygon
43	Railway Station	TB0200	polygon
44	Buildings in Airport	TB0300	polygon
45	Parking Lot	TB0500	polygon
46	Utility-Network-Polygon-Misc.	UN0900	polygon
47	Water Supply - Others	WS0000	polygon
48	Overhead Tanks	WS0100	polygon

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Base map Digitization �Interpretation Techniques - Traffic Island

Feature Class/Sub Type – Traffic Island
Geometry Type – Polygon

Interpretation Techniques

It will be found at road junctions.

Data Capturing

The traffic island should be digitized considering the outer edge of the visible traffic island on the image
The shape of the traffic island can be circle, triangle, rectangle etc. It should be captures as closed polygon.

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Base map Digitization: Updation using Satellite Image �

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Updating Infrastructure Database –

Morigaon District, Assam

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What is GIS?

A technology

hardware & software tools

An information handling strategy

The objective: to improve overall decision making

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What is GIS?

Firstly and most importantly a GIS is an information system.

A system is a group of connected entities and activities which interact for a common purpose. In GIS the common purpose is decision making for managing any spatially distributed activity.

Remember that:

An information system is a set of processes, executed on raw data to produce information which will be useful in decision making

A chain of steps leads from observation and collection of data through to analysis

An information system must have a full range of tools to handle observation, measurement, description, explanation, forecasting and decision making

Finally it is important to remember that GIS can also help to achieve the overall objective of improving the decision making process, whether in an organisation, or within a project.

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Software used for the project

Image processing - ERDAS Imagine
Map Updation /Digitization- AUTOCAD MAP
PARCEL NUMBERING - ARC GIS / AUTOCAD
GIS for - ARC GIS

(attribute and applications)

DATABASE - PGSQL /Oracle

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THANKS